Ilmenau pond area

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Ilmenau ponds

IUCN Category IV - Habitat / Species Management Area

The Dixbixer pond

The Dixbixer pond

location Ilm district , Thuringia
surface 58 ha
WDPA ID 318586
Geographical location 50 ° 41 ′  N , 10 ° 56 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 41 ′ 14 "  N , 10 ° 56 ′ 21"  E
Ilmenau pond area (Thuringia)
Ilmenau pond area
Setup date 2002
administration Ilm district
The great pond
Observation hut on the pond, built on the foundations of the former diving tower

The Ilmenau pond area is one of six ponds existing, from Rottenbach -fed wetland in the eastern Thuringian town of Ilmenau . With an area of ​​around 100 hectares, it is one of the largest natural wetlands in Thuringia. It is located between the Ilmenau train station in the west and the university in the east.

For Ilmenau pond area which includes Great Pond in the center, the south-west location Neuhauser pond , the westernmost Dixbixer pond (old Tixbixer pond ), the north-west location Brandenburg pond , the northerly stone pond and the northeast location Princess hole . The large pond owes its name to the fact that it is the largest of the Ilmenau ponds. The Neuhaus pond was named after a small, nearby settlement that today belongs to Ilmenau, the Neuhaus . The Dixbixer pond probably got its name from a previous tenant named Benedikt or his short form Dix . The ponds could be created at this point because the subsoil consists of gypsum stone , which prevents the water from running off.

The Ilmenau ponds were first mentioned in a document dated September 5, 1351, when the Hennebergers lent the town to the Schwarzburgers . Originally two more ponds belonged to the Ilmenau pond area, namely the clay pond in the area of ​​today's student leisure center north of the Great Pond and the Kalkgräberteich or clay pond north of the Brandenburg pond. Both were drained around the 18th century.

The ponds have been used for fish farming for centuries , as the city's climatically and topographically unfavorable location often experienced a shortage of food in the past. Today the annual fishing in October / November is celebrated with a folk festival. The most commonly farmed fish species is the carp .

On May 31, 1891, the first public bathing establishment opened on the Brandenburg pond. Thus began another use of the ponds, now as a recreation area. However, this first bathing establishment only existed until 1904, as the men's pool on the neighboring large pond opened in 1900 and the ladies' pool in 1904 . The bathing operation at the large pond was maintained until the 1960s. But then it turned out that the ponds were heavily polluted by sewage from the university , whereupon the bath was closed. At the same time, a new outdoor swimming pool with two concrete pools was built in Hammergrund, west of Ilmenau.

In 1977 the eastern part of the pond area was declared an area natural monument. It includes the stone pond, the princess hole and the eastern part of the large pond. In 2002 the area was enlarged to 59.6 hectares and almost the entire pond area was designated as a nature reserve (NSG).

This nature reserve is particularly important as a breeding area for many water birds, but also for amphibians and reptiles and the meadows in the NSG for butterflies. The ponds also serve as a resting place for migratory birds .

Today the pond area is mainly used for recreation. There is a zoo and a school camp under private ownership in the student leisure center at the pond as well as a park-like section of the bank at the pond, which u. a. can be used as a place for evening barbecues. On the foundations of the former diving platform, a refuge was built in the pond, which is used for ornithological purposes. There is also a boat rental at the pond.

See also

Web links

Commons : Ilmenauer Teichgebiet  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Official topographic maps of Thuringia 1: 10,000. LK Sömmerda, Ilmkreis, district-free city of Erfurt . In: Thuringian Land Survey Office (Hrsg.): CD-ROM series Top10 . CD 3. Erfurt 1999.
  2. ↑ Nature reserves in the Ilmkreis: Ilmenau pond area. Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology (TLUG), 2011, accessed on April 14, 2011 : "The NSG 339" Ilmenauer Teichgebiet "serves to preserve this pond area with its wet habitats for numerous endangered plants and animals as well as the geological features. ... A special feature is a floating island made up of trees and reeds. "