Small railway company Greifswald-Wolgast
| Small railway Greifswald – Wolgast | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Course book range : | 125c (1944) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gauge : | 750 mm ( narrow gauge ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Kleinbahn-Gesellschaft Greifswald-Wolgast (KGW) was founded on September 14, 1897. In New West Pomerania, it opened up the then Greifswald district between the Baltic Sea coast in the north and the Peene in the south.
history
The license to operate was granted on July 21, 1898. About six months later, on December 19, 1898, the opening ceremony took place in the Hotel “Preußischer Hof” in Greifswald ; a day later the first line was put into operation. In 1907, the license to operate the railway was extended to 120 years.
In Jarmen , a joint central workshop with engine sheds was established for the five railways operating in this area by 1924 . The wagons could now run in the entire catchment area, with the exception of the wagons of the small railway company Anklam-Lassan (ALKB), which had a smaller (600 mm) track gauge than the other railways (750 mm). She could only get to the workshop in Jarmen via the MPLB rail network.
Passenger traffic on the Kemnitz –Kühlenhagen branch ended in 1933. All traffic between Lubmin Dorf and Wolgast was discontinued for the 1939 summer timetable , but resumed during the Second World War (1942). Overall, with the exception of bathing trains to the seaside resort of Lubmin, passenger traffic fell short of expectations. As early as March 27, 1926, rail traffic was supplemented by the railway's own Greifswald – Lubmin bus line , which was followed by other lines until these had to be shut down due to the war in 1942.
Until almost the end of the war, passenger trains ran again by rail from Greifswald to Wolgast. Then the entire narrow-gauge railway was dismantled in mid-1945 as a reparation payment . The existing locomotives also went to the Soviet Union . However, the standard gauge section Kröslin –Wolgast remained in operation until May 25, 1963 for passenger traffic and until November 1, 1965 for goods traffic.
On September 28, 1969, the Greifswald – Lubmin railway went into operation. It was built by the Deutsche Reichsbahn to connect the Lubmin nuclear power plant , which was then under construction, to the rail network. The route branches off from the main Greifswald– Anklam railway in Schönwalde and takes the most direct route possible to the destination. It only touches the old small railway line in Kemnitz and Lubmin. Passenger traffic was discontinued on May 28, 1999, while the route continues to be used for freight traffic. A branch of this route was completed in 2012 to the port of Vierow in the municipality of Brünzow . In addition, the port of Lubmin will be connected.
Route network and transport performance
The train first drove from Greifswald, where it also used the departure point of the Jarmener Kleinbahn at the state train station, via Kemnitz to Lubmin Dorf. From here it went on via Kröslin until after 50 kilometers the port city of Wolgast was reached. This last section of eight kilometers in length was laid out in narrow and standard gauge so that freight wagons, which mainly transported fish from Kröslin, could be quickly transferred to the state railway.
In Kemnitz a branch line branched off to Boltenhagen, which was extended to Kühlenhagen on July 3, 1907; it was seven kilometers long. Since June 26th 1907 there was a one kilometer long connection from Lubmin Dorf to the seaside resort of Lubmin on the Greifswalder Bodden , which was served by all trains in a single trip. Since 1934, the train has also been able to travel from the Vierow station to Lubmin Strand without changing direction from Greifswald.
In Greifswald, a small port railway was built on January 21, 1903 , and was expanded on November 21, 1919. The network, which was also laid out with a gauge of 750 millimeters, thus comprised a total length of around 60 kilometers.
In 1935, KGW transported 80,727 people and 42,546 tons of goods.
Ownership structure
A total of around 1.5 million Reichsmarks were invested in the connection with the help of shares . These were distributed as follows:
| Shareholders | Shares (RM 1,000 each) |
|---|---|
| Prussian state | 390 |
| Greifswald district | 375 |
| Pomeranian Province | 375 |
| Operating company Lenz | 223 |
| Communities | 65 |
| Private individuals | 65 |
| City of Greifswald | 38 |
| University of Greifswald | 34 |
The construction company Lenz & Co. Initially took over the management of the railway until it was handed over to the small railway department of the Pomeranian Provincial Association in Stettin in 1910 . After its dissolution, it was replaced in 1920 by the Association of Western Pomerania Small Railways and in 1937/1938 by the Pomeranian State Railway Directorate . In 1922, a collaboration between the three railways in the Greifswald district and the Demminer Kleinbahnen Ost and West was agreed. The Pomeranian State Railways took over the companies with effect from January 1, 1940 under the name "Greifswalder Bahnen" with a route length of 107 kilometers and subordinated them to the State Railway Office in Greifswald. The Greifswald railways were the small railway company Greifswald – Wolgast (KGW), the Greifswald-Jarmener small railway (GJK) and the small railway company Anklam-Lassan.
Car finds in Russia
In 2007 two small railroad cars were found near Moscow . It is a passenger car with II. And III. Class from 1898 with the KGW-point 5 and a covered freight cars from 1914 with the KGW number 113. They were taken to Germany, where reconstructed between October 2009 and of 2010.
Lubmin Seebad railway station
KGW wagon at Lubmin Seebad train station
KGW passenger car at Lubmin Seebad train station
vehicles
| Type / series | Company number | design type | Construction year | comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KGW | Pomeranian State Railways | ||||
| Lenz type m | 1 m -4 m | B n2t | 1898/1900 | Manufacturer Hohenzollern , sold in 1900 to Königsberger Kleinbahn / Kreisbahn Wehlau-Friedland | |
| Lenz type m | 1 m (II) -4 m (II) | 216 + 217 | B n2t | 1898 | Manufacturer Union , taken over by Kreisbahn Wehlau-Friedland in 1900 |
| Lenz type nn | 11 nn | 250 | B'B n4vt | 1909 | |
| Lenz type M | 51 M. | 255 | D n2t | 1914 | |
| Lenz type d | 04 | B n2t | 1894 | Standard gauge locomotive, temporarily used by the PLB on the Wolgast – Kröslin section, redrawn as 98 6004 in 1949 | |
| 1032 | 1A | 1934 | Combustion railcar, formerly Schlawer Kreisbahn T 2, redrawn as VT 135 512 in 1949 | ||
literature
- Wolfram Bäumer, Siegfried Bufe: Railways in Pomerania . Bufe-Fachbuchverlag, Egglham and Munich 1988, ISBN 3-922138-34-9 , pp. 140ff.
- Klaus Kieper, Reiner Preuß , Elfriede Rehbein : Narrow-gauge railway archive . transpress VEB publishing house for transport, Berlin 1980.
- Werner Hormann, Wolf-Dietger Machel : Small railways in the old district of Greifswald . Kenning, 1998, ISBN 3-927587-85-0 .
- Werner Hormann, Wolf-Dietger Machel: Greifswalder Kleinbahnen. A look back at the history of the railway . German Model Railway Association of the GDR, Rostock 1983.
- Werner Hormann, Wolf-Dietger Machel: Greifswalder Kleinbahnen. The history of the Greifswald-Jarmener Kleinbahn and the Kleinbahn Greifswald-Wolgast. Neddermeyer, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-941712-37-9 .