Marktal and morass

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Marktal and morass

IUCN Category IV - Habitat / Species Management Area

Waterfall in the Marktal

Waterfall in the Marktal

location Thuringia , Germany
surface 4.426 km²
Identifier 115
WDPA ID 14493
Geographical location 50 ° 38 '  N , 10 ° 53'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 37 '40 "  N , 10 ° 53' 18"  E
Marktal and Morast (Thuringia)
Marktal and morass
Setup date 1961
Map of the Vessertal Biosphere Reserve - Marktal & Morast nature reserve

The reserve Marktal and mire is located in the UNESCO - Vessertal in the Thuringian Forest . It has a total area of ​​426.8 ha and is distributed in Zone I (core zone) with 148.7 ha and Zone II (maintenance zone) with 280.3 ha. It has register number 115 in the list of Thuringians Nature reserves in the Ilm district. It is also assigned to the FFH area number 72.

Location / meaning

The area is currently the largest nature reserve in the Ilm district with a very complex equipment. It comprises the sequence of locations of the high elevations of the Rennsteig area on Dreiherrnstein in the Neustadt am Rennsteig area with the forest-covered high moor of the "Morast" over the entire valley area of ​​the Schorte-Marktal from 575 to 821 m above sea level. NN including several side valleys and striking ridges , rock formations, gorges , ponds , waterfalls and mountain meadows. Parts of the high moor and the Talerbe of the upper market valley form one of the largest total reserves in Thuringia with 114.00 hectares. The protected area area, which was expanded to 420.35 hectares in 1990, also represents the second largest nature reserve within the Vessertal - Thuringian Forest biosphere reserve. On the plateaus and planes there are largely spruce forests, which were created in the course of the enormous demand for wood over the past 200 years. In the area of ​​the mire and on rock heads such as the Hohe Hundsrück, small areas of autochthonous spruce were preserved. The predominantly forested raised bog developed over Cambrian slates and quartzites , which formed water-impermeable, clayey layers here. The bog formation with Holocene peat stretches over 26 hectares and is approx. 1 m thick. The drainage of the bog is essentially in the direction of Schorte .

The nature reserve includes the upper reaches of the Schorte (Marktal), the Silbertal and the lower part of the Breiten Grund. Above the market valley, on a leveled area, there is the "morass", the initial stage of an approximately 1 m thick wooded raised bog. In the narrow notches of the Mark and Silbertal there are numerous rock formations made of Felsitporphyry with species-rich moss, lichen and fern flora.

  • Size of the NSG: 442.61 ha,
  • Altitude: 575 - 821 m above sea level NN,
  • Natural area: Central Thuringian Forest,
  • District: Neustadt, Langewiesen and Stützerbach,
  • Meaning: nationwide,
  • Protection: March 30, 1961 - 1st expansion 1986 and 2nd expansion on September 12, 1990,
  • Protection purpose: Preservation of a complex of montane beech and spruce forests with raised bog areas,
  • Annual precipitation: 1015 mm,
  • Average annual temperature: 6.4 ° C.

Species that determine flora

Montaner grove, rennet and tooth root beech forest as well as cotton grass, wild berry and whipmoss spruce forest in the upper layers. Round-leaved sundew can be found in the open spaces. The moss flora of the market valley is very species-rich and ranges from water species to crevice dwellers. The special climatic conditions of the notched valleys of the northern roofs are visible through the occurrence of such species as alpine milk lettuce. On the sites characterized by porphyrites and rockite porphyry, there are mainly beech forest communities such as the beech forest. The ash brook forest has emerged on small-scale locations.

Societies

Individual types

Special types of tall herbaceous and spring corridors as well as peat moss communities are:

Tree species in the main stand:

  • European spruce (Picea abies),
  • Common beech (Fagus sylvatica).

Mosses:

Moss vegetation

In the nature reserve Marktal und Morast, which is located in the middle part of the Thuringian Forest, 40 moss communities have been identified that thrive on silicate rock , mineral soil, the bark of living trees, rotten wood and raw humus . The moss associations Grimmio-Hypnion, Isothecion myosuroidis, Diplophyllion albicantis, Dicranellion heteromallae, Nowellion curvifoliae, Tetraphidion pellucidae, Bryo-Brachythecion, Ctenidion mollusci and Racomitrion acicularis are characteristic of the nature reserve. The synsystematic position of the societies is shown, a list of 227 species shows the current moss population.

fauna

In addition to the flora and fauna diversity, the fauna inventory is also remarkable. The first extensive data on the bird world are available from 1981 by the Ilmenau Nature Conservation / Ornithology Group. According to this, such breeding birds are proven as:

The nature reserve also plays an important role for amphibians and occurs in different places:

Among the mammals, the red deer is to be mentioned as a striking representative, which has several dwellings and rutting places in this protected area. Ermine and pine marten can be found regularly in the area:

Investigations in invertebrates have so far mainly extended to moorland species (JESCHKE & PAULSON, 1998). Maintenance and management measures in the nature reserve are primarily aimed at stabilizing the water balance in the mud by building up the drainage ditches, mowing the meadows in Breiten Grund and increasing the closeness to nature of the spruce forests by maintaining and cultivating beech, sycamore and silver fir.

swell

Individual evidence

Most of the information in this article has been taken from the sources given under literature; the following sources are also cited:

  1. ↑ Nature reserves in the Ilmkreis: Marktal and Morast. Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology (TLUG), 2011, accessed on April 14, 2011 : "The core and maintenance zone" Marktal und Morast "(No. 115) of the biosphere reserve" Vessertal - Thuringian Forest "represents characteristic form elements of the Middle Thuringian Forest ... With 270 documented moss species and 40 moss communities, the area is one of the most valuable bryologically in Thuringia. The core zone with a largely natural development without direct influence are the moor and the wooded slopes of the upper Marktal to the north. "

literature

Web links

Commons : Marktal und Morast  - Collection of images, videos and audio files