Infection protection

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Under protection against infection , also known as disease prevention , all measures which, in a transmission or distribution of the infectious agent or the transfer probability or the severity and frequency of preventing the outbreak of an infectious disease should be reduced. Infection protection includes individual protective measures and all possibilities of so-called infection prevention, which can reduce or prevent the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases within a certain group or the general population.

With regard to the type of measures, a distinction is made between exposure prophylaxis ( e.g. mechanical protective measures such as mouth and nose protection , etc.), disposition prophylaxis ( increasing the defense against disease, e.g. through vaccinations), and measures to remove and inactivate pathogens ( disinfection , sterilization ). Infection protection also includes all statutory provisions on the duty to report and report infectious diseases and to prevent and contain epidemic events (infection control).

The prevention and control of communicable diseases (formerly: epidemic protection ) also serves to prevent a crisis from progressing to the level of a disaster . The tasks that are carried out with the participation of the local health authorities or the district administrative authorities or regulatory authorities include, in particular, the management of contact persons as well as measures such as the closure of public facilities such as schools, kindergartens and bathing establishments, the prohibition of major events and the closure of local public transport , Entry bans and the arrangement of domestic and inpatient isolation or quarantine . Since the onset of the corona pandemic , in addition to state-prescribed measures, private-sector preventive measures have also increased.

Legal regulations for infection protection

Germany

Provisions mainly contain the law for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in humans ( Infection Protection Act - IfSG) introduced with the New Epidemiological Law of July 20, 2000, and the Animal Health Act (TierGesG) for animal disease law .

Further regulations can be found in waste law with the Recycling Management Act (KrWG) or the Animal By-Product Disposal Act (TierNebG), in food law in particular with the Food, Consumer Goods and Feed Code (LFGB) or the Animal Food Hygiene Regulation ( Tier-LMHV ), in the Ordinance on Hazardous Substances , the Occupational Safety and Health Act , the Transplantation Act , the Biological Agents Ordinance , the Drinking Water Ordinance (TrinkwV) and other federal or state hygiene regulations.

In addition, technical rules for protection against infection are of practical importance, in that police regulations of the aforementioned type or contracts can refer to the findings of the specialists shown therein and the regulations give recommendations for the implementation of the set or technically possible standards. Such regulations included, for example, DIN 1946 (Part 4 on air conditioning systems in hospitals) and DIN 19643 (requirements for pool water quality in pool pools).

Austria

In Austria, the Austrian Animal Disease Act , the Zoonoses Act and the Animal Disease Notification Ordinance apply to the protection of animals from infection .

The Epidemic Act , the ordinance on the segregation of sick people, suspected illnesses and contagious suspects and the designation of houses and apartments, the AIDS Act , the Venereal Diseases Act and the Tuberculosis Act , as well as the ordinance on health precautions for people who provide sexual services apply to human infection protection .

Switzerland

In Switzerland, the Swiss Animal Disease Act and the Animal Disease Ordinance apply , for humans the Epidemics Act (EpG) and various ordinances of the Federal Council and the Federal Department of Home Affairs (FDHA) such as the regulation on the prevention of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease or the EDI regulation on the prevention of the introduction of newly emerged infectious diseases.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Protection against infection and infection epidemiology. Technical terms - definitions - interpretations. In: rki.de. Robert Koch Institute, accessed on February 23, 2020 . P. 74 and P. 119.
  2. ↑ Disaster control and civil defense. In: landkreis-fuerth.de. Retrieved February 23, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Preventive infection protection advice. In: Kloepfel HR Solutions. Retrieved on August 18, 2020 (German).
  4. ↑ Art. 1, Federal Law Gazette I 2000, p. 1045
  5. ↑ Law on the prevention and control of infectious diseases in humans (PDF; 194 kB)
  6. ↑ Law for the prevention and control of animal diseases, table of contents with links
  7. ↑ Table of contents of the KrWG with links, such as § 12 Paragraph 3 No. 2 on the hygienic harmlessness of sewage sludge
  8. ↑ Contents overview of the LFGB with links
  9. ↑ Law on the implementation of occupational health and safety measures to improve the safety and health protection of employees at work (PDF; 87 kB)
  10. ↑ Transplantation Act
  11. ↑ Ordinance on safety and health protection for activities involving biological agents (PDF; 135 kB)
  12. ↑ Drinking Water Ordinance ( Memento of May 12, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 61 kB)
  13. ↑ Animal Disease Act (Austria)
  14. ↑ Zoonoses Act (Austria)
  15. ^ Animal Disease Notification Ordinance (Austria) ( Memento from July 2, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  16. ↑ Epidemic Act (Austria)
  17. ^ AIDS law (Austria)
  18. ^ Venereal Diseases Act (Austria)
  19. ↑ Tuberculosis Act (Austria)
  20. ↑ Legal basis and reporting of communicable diseases Federal Ministry for Social Affairs, Health, Care and Consumer Protection , accessed on March 22, 2020.
  21. ↑ Animal Diseases Act (Switzerland) (PDF; 169 kB)
  22. ↑ Animal Disease Ordinance (Switzerland) (PDF; 768 kB)
  23. ↑ Epidemics Act (Switzerland)
  24. ↑ Legislation on communicable diseases - Epidemics Act (EpG) Federal Office of Public Health , accessed on March 22, 2020.