Drinking water ordinance
| Basic data | |
|---|---|
| Title: | Ordinance on the quality of water intended for human consumption |
| Short title: | Drinking water ordinance |
| Abbreviation: | TrinkwV |
| Type: | Federal Ordinance |
| Scope: | Federal Republic of Germany |
| Issued on the basis of: | Section 11 (2) BSeuchG (original version), Section 38 (1 ) IfSG |
| Legal matter: | Special administrative law |
| References : | 2126-13-1 |
| Original version from: | January 31, 1975 ( BGBl. I p. 453 ) |
| Entry into force on: | 15th February 1976 |
| New announcement from: | March 10, 2016 ( Federal Law Gazette I pp. 459, 460 ) |
| Last revision from: | May 21, 2001 ( BGBl. I p. 959 ) |
| Entry into force of the new version on: |
January 1, 2003 |
| Last change by: |
Art. 99 VO of June 19, 2020 ( Federal Law Gazette I p. 1328, 1339 ) |
| Effective date of the last change: |
June 27, 2020 (Art. 361 of June 19, 2020) |
| Weblink: | Text of the regulation |
| Please note the note on the applicable legal version. | |
The German Drinking Water Ordinance (TrinkwV, official until 2017: TrinkwV 2001) was enacted on May 21, 2001 and contains definitions and protective regulations for drinking water . In Austria, the Drinking Water Ordinance (abbreviation TWV, Federal Law Gazette II No. 304/2001) was enacted in 2001 on the basis of the Food Act 1975 and was last amended by Federal Law Gazette 2007 I No. 121. Both drinking water regulations represent an implementation of the EC Directive 98/83 / EC on the quality of water for human consumption in national law. The general principles and requirements of food law are defined in Regulation (EC) No. 178/2002 , in particular Art. 6 mentions the control of chemical and microbiological contaminants as a task of the EU member states .
In § 1 of the German Drinking Water Ordinance, it says in concrete terms:
"The purpose of the regulation is to protect human health from the adverse effects that result from the pollution of water intended for human consumption by ensuring its wholesomeness and purity [...]."
On November 26, 2010, the Federal Council decided to change the Drinking Water Ordinance. He deviated from the draft of the federal government (BR-Drs. 530/1/10) so that the Federal Ministry of Health still had to approve the changes made by the Federal Council. The announcement was made on May 11, 2011 in the Federal Law Gazette; the changes took effect on November 1, 2011. Another change came into force on December 14, 2012 with the Second Ordinance amending the Drinking Water Ordinance. The change essentially affects the legionella parameter , the approval of treatment materials and the requirements for materials in contact with water.
The 2011 amendment brought a number of new definitions that are supposed to eliminate existing ambiguities. The introduction of parameters relating to radioactivity and uranium as well as the introduction of a so-called technical measure value for legionella are more important. The regulation for commercial landlords and the operators of buildings in which services are offered to the public, e.g. offices, dormitories, courts, restaurants and the like, will be much stricter. If the limit values of systems 1 or 2 are exceeded at the tap in these buildings , this is a criminal offense. The criminal liability applies to the owner of the building as the operator of the house installation , so legal entities must delegate responsibility for the buildings they manage to a natural person. The chemical parameters were left largely unchanged, only minor adjustments were made for cadmium, electrical conductivity and sulfate.
Philosophies of Limits
The drinking water ordinance has a long history, at least in Germany. Various principles have been developed to ensure the aim of the regulation. In principle, pollution is divided into three categories, chemical and biological pollution as well as indicator parameters to be observed.
In the case of chemical exposure, attempts were initially made to use a classic toxicological approach based on the precautionary principle to set maximum concentrations for harmful substances in such a way that, with the usual intake of drinking water, no harmful doses should get into the body. Even today, for example, the limit values for heavy metals are based on this . Later it became clear with the plant protection products (PPPs) that a toxicological delimitation was no longer possible because chronic toxicities and synergetic effects of several substances could not be determined. For this reason, a zero principle was implemented for the first time in the previous version of the currently valid regulation or in the underlying EC directive : Only concentrations at the detection limit of the measurement method required by each laboratory as a minimum requirement were allowed to be determined from the PPPs , and not in total more than five such borderline proofs. The detection limit was set at 0.1 micrograms / liter. In well-equipped laboratories, however, concentrations far below this limit value can be recorded for numerous PPPs, so that the limit value no longer corresponds to the zero principle due to chemical-analytical progress.
In the case of biological impairment (general contamination), another principle was implemented: the indicator principle. The number of colonies, a sum of the existing and usually harmless bacteria and fungi, indicates hygienic deficiencies such as leaks, insufficient water exchange in pipes or growth-promoting excessively warm water temperatures. Increased iron contents are also usually not harmful to health, but indicate insufficient water purification and often cause brown discolouration when washing. In the Drinking Water Ordinance, the values in the list of indicator parameters are listed, which are not harmful to health in the usual quantities, but are limited for other reasons, such as an unaesthetic appearance (smell, taste) or increased corrosiveness due to sulfate or chlorides.
One of the most important aspects when assessing water quality is the question of the presence of pathogens. The intestinal bacterium Escherichia coli , like viruses and most disease-causing bacteria, only reproduces in the body of warm-blooded animals, but not in the soil or in the water supply system. The entry of pathogens into the wells takes place almost exclusively through so-called surface water containing faeces. The detection of the intestinal bacterium Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) consequently shows a contamination of the water with feces. The most common representatives of E. coli are themselves harmless and indispensable as a symbiote in our intestinal flora. When trying to detect dangerous germs such as Salmonella , Campylobacter and streptococci in the laboratory, however, these are regularly overgrown by the comparatively excessive E. coli . The detection of the pathogen itself is therefore very complex. Due to the many years of experience with the connection between the detection of Escherichia coli and the risk of the presence of pathogens, the differentiating and methodologically difficult detection of various harmful germs is saved and E. coli is used as an indicator for the risk. Further indicators of faecal contamination listed in the Drinking Water Ordinance are enterococci, Clostridium perfringens and, with limited informative value, also coliform bacteria. Even if the indicator principle is applied to these bacteria, they are not considered indicator parameters in the sense of the Drinking Water Ordinance (see above), as their presence indicates a possible health risk.
The limit values for bacterial values are 100 colony-forming units (CFU) per milliliter for the total number of germs, E. coli , enterococci and coliform bacteria must not be detectable in 100 ml water sample after an enrichment process.
Responsibility for compliance with the limit values
The water supply company is obliged to supply its customers with drinking water at the end of the house connection pipe in the quality regulated by the Drinking Water Ordinance. This results from Section 5 (1) of the Ordinance on General Conditions for the Supply of Water (AVBWasserV).
The provision is part of all water supply contracts with private customers and a water supply company. Legally, this means that the water supply company is only responsible for the quality of the water up to this point, after which the owner of the house installation, i.e. the building owner, is responsible. The end of the house connection line is usually the main tap in the basement of the building.
On the other hand, the Drinking Water Directive requires that customers be provided with drinking water quality at the tap in the kitchen or bathroom at all times. If this is not the case, it is legally a matter of who is responsible for this. This is regulated by the provision mentioned above. If it is determined by a suitable examination method that the quality of the water at the consumer's tap does not correspond to the quality determined by the Drinking Water Ordinance, it must be determined why this is. If it is due to the materials used in the house installation, the house owner is the right contact. This question can become particularly relevant for the parameter lead, although it should be noted that there is still no binding sampling procedure for determining the parameter lead. Since the tapping fittings or the house installation itself can have an influence, it is also debatable whether and how long the water has to drain before the sample is taken. The Federal Environment Agency does, however, give recommendations for sampling and determining the parameter lead in domestic installations.
The building owner's responsibility also applies to the legionella parameter . In the Drinking Water Ordinance, the value to be observed for this parameter is referred to as the so-called “technical measure value”, which differs from the other actual “limit values”. The owner of multi-family houses with a correspondingly large system for heating drinking water is obliged to operate them in such a way that the residents are not endangered by Legionella. The operation of the hot water preparation in accordance with the technical regulations (worksheet DVGW W551) largely ensures this. In particular, sufficiently high hot water tank temperatures and sufficient flow through the hot water circulation network are important basic requirements. Energy saving measures must take these requirements into account.
The state government of North Rhine-Westphalia answered a parliamentary question (LT-Drs. 15/3734): “Nationwide, the proportion of pneumonia caused by Legionella is just over 4%. This corresponds to around 32,000 diseases per year caused by Legionella. Around 6% of these diseases are fatal (1920 cases). ”The risk of a fatal infection by Legionella is therefore given.
If the limit values and requirements of the Drinking Water Ordinance are not complied with, the water may no longer be given off or made available as drinking water. This does not mean that the water supply has to be interrupted: e.g. B. that the supply of the population with water or the hot water of an apartment building is turned off. However, if the limit values are exceeded, you must notify the health department, which then decides on the necessary measures.
The health department must also be reported if the technical measure of Legionella is exceeded. Unlike when limit values are exceeded, there is no need to worry about health, but with the help of an expert report to be commissioned, the so-called "risk analysis", it is necessary to determine which measures are to be implemented in which time frame in the water heating and distribution unit concerned, to limit the growth of Legionella and prevent it from spreading through the domestic installation. The health department monitors that entrepreneurs and other owners of objects that are subject to sampling comply with the obligation to have an expert report drawn up and to implement the measures within the specified time frame.
Allowing exceptions
The limit values as laid down in the European Drinking Water Directive are intended to ensure that there is no risk of harm to human health in the event of lifelong consumption.
The EU Drinking Water Directive of 1980 provided for rigid limit values that could only be exceeded in exceptional cases. Practice has shown that the exception regulations had to be revised. The EU Drinking Water Directive of 1998 therefore provides a system in which the responsible authorities, in Germany the health authorities, can allow exceptions to the limit values under certain conditions. This is not possible with microbial parameters. The health authorities can allow exceptions to the chemical parameters for a maximum period of three years. These exceptions are linked to strict requirements, in particular the causes of the limit value being exceeded and remedial measures taken.
An exception will not be approved if there is reason to fear that this could endanger human health. Whether and when this is the case is up to the professional assessment by the health authorities.
The procedure for the approval of deviations is regulated in Germany in §§ 9 and 10 TrinkwV 2001.
monitoring
The obligation to provide evidence is regulated by implementing regulations. It is graded according to the scope of supply. The health authorities are required to adapt the monitoring to the specific risk situation. The health department of the district administration determines a certain scope of examination. Either the water samples are taken by the health department, or the health department accepts that the operator has his samples examined by an accredited laboratory and submits the findings to the health department. A visit to the water supply system and well by the health department is planned.
Large municipal supply systems have to examine some parameters daily, smaller ones weekly or annually. In a catchment area without agricultural activity, the control of the PPP will take place less often than in grassland. Bacteriological monitoring for GKZ and Escherichia coli / Coliforms is the most common.
In the case of individual suppliers, e.g. B. remote farms with their own house wells have to be carried out annually microbiological tests. The interval between the chemical examination is determined by the health department, whereby the examination must be carried out at least every three years. The health department determines which chemical parameters are to be examined. The water hardness and the values required to assess the corrosiveness and thus the suitable materials for the water supply must be measured at least every three years.
Food companies with their own water supply are classified as water supply companies, whereby the frequency of tests and the limit values to be observed can be adapted to the actual production conditions.
The water quality from pipes and water treatment systems in public buildings such as hospitals or old people's homes are also monitored by the health authorities. Values are measured that can deteriorate in the house installation, such as legionella, germ count and, depending on the materials used, heavy metals. From a legal point of view, all owners and operators of drinking water installations in buildings where drinking water can be supplied to third parties bear a great deal of responsibility. The inspection obligations for hot water and cold water in buildings were specified by recommendations of the Federal Environment Agency in July 2006. The legally binding nature of these examination obligations published as a recommendation is based on Section 40 of the Infection Protection Act .
The water supply company is obliged to supply its customers with drinking water at the end of the house connection pipe in the quality regulated by the Drinking Water Ordinance ( Section 5 AVBWasserV). The provision is part of all water supply contracts with private customers and a water supply company. Legally, this means that the water supply company is only responsible for the quality of the water up to this point, after which the owner of the house installation, i.e. the building owner, is responsible. The end of the house connection line is usually the main tap in the basement of the building.
On the other hand, the Drinking Water Directive requires customers to be provided with drinking water quality at the tap in the kitchen or when joining. If this is not the case, it is legally a matter of who is responsible for this. This is regulated by the provision mentioned above. If it is determined by a suitable test method that the quality of the water at the consumer's tap does not correspond to the quality determined by the Drinking Water Ordinance, it must be determined why this is. If it is due to the materials used in the house installation, the house owner is the right contact. This question can be particularly relevant for the lead parameter, although it should be noted that there is still no binding procedure for determining the lead parameter. In particular, it is disputed whether and for how long the water has to drain before the sample is taken. The Federal Environment Agency does, however, give recommendations for measuring the lead parameter.
The health department's monitoring obligation extends not only to water supply companies, but also to the owners of buildings in which living space is made available to third parties, i.e. the landlords. If the health department becomes aware of facts that indicate that the condition of the building installation exceeds the limit values of the Drinking Water Ordinance, it must investigate whether this excess can lead to a risk to human health. This is the case, for example, for the parameter lead, whereby the health hazard extends primarily to small children, with adults this is less the case, as well as legionella, which can lead to a hazard if the water is not heated sufficiently, for example. In Germany, the operation of central drinking water heating systems has therefore been subject to notification to the health department since November 2011 .
Risk analysis according to the Drinking Water Ordinance
According to the Drinking Water Ordinance, the “entrepreneur and other owner” (UsI) of a drinking water installation must carry out a risk analysis and, within the scope of his safety obligations, rule out any dangers to third parties, especially users.
In the UBA recommendation of December 14, 2012 recommendations for carrying out a risk analysis in accordance with the Drinking Water Ordinance , it says: "A risk analysis should provide the UsI with a concrete determination of the planning, construction or operational defects of a system." The procedure for creating a risk analysis is described in the UBA recommendation mentioned. Ultimately, the goal is not to identify, but to eliminate hazards. The hazard analysis must therefore be followed by an assessment of the hazards identified, from which measures for remedial action can be derived. According to the VDI / DVGW 6023 guideline, this forms the basis of maintenance planning.
The risk analysis of drinking water installations requires extensive specialist knowledge, as can be acquired through relevant professional training together with suitable advanced training (e.g. identified by a category A certificate according to VDI / DVGW 6023).
The actual risk analysis is carried out as part of an inspection and includes a document review (documents on planning, construction, operation), a check for compliance with the relevant recognized rules of technology (including VDI / DVGW 6023, DIN 1988, DIN EN 806, DVGW W 551 and W 553), a review of the operating parameters (in particular temperatures at important points), the initiation of sampling and the overall evaluation of the results of these tests and ultimately, with a view to avoiding hazards, leads to maintenance planning (e.g. according to VDI / DVGW 6023 , Section 8.)
Rainwater harvesting systems
The Drinking Water Ordinance does not prohibit rainwater harvesting systems. In particular, their use for watering the garden is not affected by the Drinking Water Ordinance. However, if you want to use your rainwater for your home toilet, washing machine and household cleaning, you have to adhere to certain rules.
The establishment of the rainwater harvesting system and its essential changes must be reported to the water supplier ( Section 3 (2) AVBWasserV) and the health department ( Section 13 (3) TrinkwV 2001). Rainwater harvesting systems from which water is released for public use are subject to constant monitoring by the health department ( Section 18 (1) TrinkwV 2001). Private systems can be included in the monitoring if this is necessary, taking into account the circumstances of the individual case, to protect human health or to ensure the proper quality of the water for human consumption.
Pursuant to Section 17 (2) of the Drinking Water Ordinance 2001, pipes for drinking water and rainwater are permanently different in color, and the rainwater extraction points must be permanently marked as such. Rainwater harvesting systems must not be connected directly to the house installation, because there is a risk that microbiologically contaminated drinking water can get into the distribution network. In practice, direct connections between the rainwater harvesting system and the house installation, for example via a garden hose, have already proven to be the cause of the contamination of the distribution network. According to DIN 1988 Part 4, a connection, usually for the purpose of replenishing drinking water, is only possible via a so-called free outlet.
Failure to observe the technical standard DIN 1988 or its successor standards as a recognized rule of technology that is binding in accordance with Section 12 (2) AVBWasserV can entitle the water supply company to discontinue the supply. It is entitled to ensure that the rainwater harvesting system is in good order before resuming the supply.
A direct connection between a rainwater harvesting system and the building installation, disregarding the obligation to notify the public health department as well as disregarding the labeling obligation for pipes and tapping points constitute administrative offenses that can be punished with a fine ( Section 25 TrinkwV 2001). If a third party falls ill because rainwater has entered the distribution network, criminal proceedings are also threatened ( Section 24 TrinkwV 2001). In addition, there may be a risk of criminal proceedings from the point of view of negligent bodily harm or disruption of public operations.
A landlord may not only offer rainwater for washing laundry, since every household must be able to use water with the quality of water for human consumption to wash the laundry.
The right of the water supply company to demand the agreement of a special tariff remains unaffected if the customer no longer covers his entire water requirement ( Section 3 (1) sentence 2 AVBWasserV).
Materials in contact with water
The change to § 17 of the regulation is important. This is about the approval of substances that come into contact with drinking water, e.g. pipes or fittings. The Federal Environment Agency will determine what requirements are to be placed on such materials and, among other things, involve the professional associations. It should be noted that materials that may be used legally in other member states of the European Union may also be used in Germany. In a judgment of the European Court of Justice on July 12, 2012 - Case C-171/11 - the question was whether a fitting that is legally used in Italy may in fact be refused approval in Germany because of certain requirements resulting from the set of rules not fulfilled. In principle, the free movement of goods in the European Union also applies to such fittings , so that the refusal of approval should only be permissible within narrow limits - if at all.
criticism
The Drinking Water Ordinance 2001 is criticized for imposing excessive inspection obligations on the operators of water supply systems . With regard to the protection goals of the Drinking Water Ordinance 2001, z. For example, to exclude water-related infections among consumers, the investigations in the current scope are deemed necessary by the legislator. Some, on the other hand, distrust the examinations and consider the monitoring to be too careless (see water filter ). Many people switch to bottled mineral water in the opinion that these are originally purer than tap water.
Household filters
The Stiftung Warentest has shown in a test that special filter jugs (so-called household filters) for treating water (e.g. reprocessing tap water) are not suitable for treating water that does not comply with the drinking water ordinance. Application errors can lead to an increase in the germ load in the draining water. This is caused by bacterial growth in the filter cartridges if they are used for too long. For a water softening with specially made post-treatment devices z. However, when used as intended, these filter jugs are suitable, for example, for making tea or for use in saucepans and electrical appliances.
Current limit values
Annex 2 (to § 6 Abs. 2 TrinkwV 2001 + amendment Nov. 2011)
| Serial No. | parameter | Limit value mg / l | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acrylamide | 0.0001 | The limit value relates to the residual monomer concentration in the water, calculated on the basis of the maximum release according to the specifications of the corresponding polymer and the polymer dose used. |
| 2 | benzene | 0.001 | |
| 3 | boron | 1 | |
| 4th | Bromate | 0.01 | |
| 5 | chrome | 0.05 | For the determination, the concentration of chromates is converted to chromium. |
| 6th | Cyanide | 0.05 | |
| 7th | 1,2-dichloroethane | 0.003 | |
| 8th | fluoride | 1.5 | |
| 9 | nitrate | 50 | Original text: The sum of the nitrate concentration in mg / l divided by 50 and the nitrite concentration in mg / l divided by 3 must not be greater than 1 mg / l. |
| 10 | Plant protection products and biocidal products | 0.0001 | Pesticides and biocidal products mean: organic insecticides , organic herbicides , organic fungicides , organic nematicides , organic acaricides , organic algicides , organic rodenticides , organic slime control agents, related products (including growth regulators ) and the relevant metabolites , degradation and reaction products. Only those pesticides and biocidal products need to be monitored that are likely to be present in a particular water supply. The limit value applies to the individual plant protection products and biocidal products. For aldrin , dieldrin , heptachlor and heptachlorepoxide the limit value of 0.00003 mg / l applies |
| 11 | Pesticides and biocidal products in total | 0.0005 | The parameter describes the sum of the individual pesticides and biocidal products detected and quantified in the control process |
| 12 | mercury | 0.001 | |
| 13 | selenium | 0.01 | |
| 14th | Tetrachlorethylene and trichlorethylene | 0.01 | Sum of the concentrations detected for the two substances |
| 15th | uranium | 0.01 |
| Serial No. | parameter | Limit value mg / l | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | antimony | 0.005 | |
| 2 | arsenic | 0.01 | |
| 3 | Benzo [ a ] pyrene | 0.00001 | |
| 4th | lead | 0.01 | The basis is a sample representative of the average weekly water intake by consumers; a harmonized procedure is to be established for this in accordance with Article 7 (4) of the Drinking Water Directive. The competent authorities shall ensure that all appropriate measures are taken to reduce the lead concentration in water intended for human consumption as far as possible within the time required to reach the limit value. Measures to achieve this value are to be carried out gradually and with priority where the lead concentration in water for human consumption is highest. |
| 5 | cadmium | 0.003 | Including cadmium compounds absorbed when water stagnates in pipes |
| 6th | Epichlorohydrin | 0.0001 | The limit value refers to the residual monomer concentration in the water, calculated on the basis of the maximum release according to the specifications of the corresponding polymer and the polymer dose used. |
| 7th | copper | 2 | The basis is a sample representative of the average weekly water intake by consumers; a harmonized procedure is to be established for this in accordance with Article 7 (4) of the Drinking Water Directive. The examination as part of the monitoring in accordance with Section 19 (7) is only required if the pH value in the supply area is less than 7.4. |
| 8th | nickel | 0.02 | The basis is a sample representative of the average weekly water intake by consumers; a harmonized procedure is to be established for this in accordance with Article 7 (4) of the Drinking Water Directive. |
| 9 | nitrite | 0.5 | At the outlet of the waterworks, the value of 0.1 mg / l for nitrite must not be exceeded. |
| 10 | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons | 0.0001 | Sum of the following substances that have been identified and quantified: Benzo [ b ] fluoranthene, benzo [ k ] fluoranthene, benzo [ ghi ] perylene and indeno [1,2,3- cd ] pyrene |
| 11 | Trihalomethanes | 0.05 | Sum of the reaction products detected at the consumer's tap and determined in terms of quantity that arise during the disinfection or oxidation of the water: trichloromethane ( chloroform ), bromodichloromethane , dibromochloromethane and tribromomethane (bromoform); an examination in the supply network is not necessary if the value of 0.01 mg / l is not exceeded at the outlet of the waterworks. |
| 12 | Vinyl chloride | 0.0005 | The limit value refers to the residual monomer concentration in the water, calculated on the basis of the maximum release according to the specifications of the corresponding polymer and the polymer dose used. |
Annex 3 (to § 7 TrinkwV 2001 + amendment Nov. 2011)
| Serial No. | parameter | unit | limit | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | aluminum | mg / l | 0.200 | |
| 2 | ammonium | mg / l | 0.50 | Geogenic excesses are not taken into account up to a limit value of 30 mg / l. Investigate the cause of any sudden or continuous increase. |
| 3 | chloride | mg / l | 250 | The water should not be corrosive |
| 4th | Clostridium perfringens (including spores ) | Number / 100 ml | 0 | |
| 5 | Coliform bacteria | Number / 100 ml | 0 | |
| 6th | iron | mg / l | 0.200 | |
| 7th | Coloring (spectral absorption coefficient at 436 nm) | 1 / m | 0.5 | |
| 8th | odor | VOLUME | 3 at 23 ° C | |
| 9 | taste | acceptable to the consumer and without abnormal change | ||
| 10 | Colony number at 22 ° C | without abnormal change | When using the test procedure according to § 15 paragraph 1c, the following limit values apply: 100 / ml at the consumer's tap; 20 / ml immediately after completion of the treatment in the disinfected drinking water; 1000 / ml for water supply systems according to § 3 number 2 letter c and in water storage systems of systems according to letter d. The investigation procedure according to § 15 paragraph 1c may not be used for drinking water that is intended for delivery in closed containers. The limit value of 100 / ml applies to drinking water that is intended for dispensing in closed containers. | |
| 11 | Number of colonies at 36 ° C | without abnormal change | When using the test procedure according to § 15 paragraph 1c, the limit value of 100 / ml applies. The investigation procedure according to § 15 paragraph 1c may not be used for drinking water that is intended for delivery in closed containers. The limit value of 20 / ml applies to drinking water that is intended for dispensing in closed containers. | |
| 12 | electric conductivity | µS / cm | 2790 at 25 ° C | The water should not be corrosive |
| 13 | manganese | mg / l | 0.050 | |
| 14th | sodium | mg / l | 200 | The water should not be corrosive. Geogenic excesses are not taken into account up to a limit value of 500 mg / l |
| 15th | organically bound carbon | mg / l | without abnormal change | |
| 16 | Oxidisability | mg / l O 2 requirement | This parameter does not need to be determined when analyzing the TOC ( total organic carbon ) parameter | |
| 17th | sulfate | mg / l | 250 | The water should not be corrosive. Geogenic excesses are not taken into account up to a limit value of 500 mg / l. |
| 18th | Cloudiness | nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) | 1.0 | The limit value applies at the exit of the waterworks. |
| 19th | Hydrogen ion concentration | pH units | 6.5-9.5 | The water should not be corrosive. |
| 20th | Calcite dissolving capacity | mg / l CaCO 3 | 5 |
| parameter | Technical measure value |
|---|---|
| Legionella spec. | 100/100 ml |
Annex 3a (to §§ 7a, 9 and 14a) - Requirements for drinking water with regard to radioactive substances
| Serial No. | parameter | unit | limit | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Radon-222 | Bq / l | 100 | |
| 2 | Tritium | Bq / l | 100 | |
| 3 | Guide dose | mSv / a | 0.10 |
|
| Serial No. | Radionuclide (radionuclides of natural origin) | unit | Reference activity concentration | comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | U-238 | Bq / l | 3.0 | |
| 2 | U-234 | Bq / l | 2.8 | |
| 3 | Ra-226 | Bq / l | 0.5 | |
| 4th | Ra-228 | Bq / l | 0.2 | |
| 5 | Pb-210 | Bq / l | 0.2 | |
| 6th | Po-210 | Bq / l | 0.1 |
| Serial No. | Radionuclide (radionuclides of artificial origin) | unit | Reference activity concentration | comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7th | C-14 | Bq / l | 240 | |
| 8th | Sr-90 | Bq / l | 4.9 | |
| 9 | Pu-239 / Pu-240 | Bq / l | 0.6 | |
| 10 | Am-241 | Bq / l | 0.7 | |
| 11 | Co-60 | Bq / l | 40 | |
| 12 | Cs-134 | Bq / l | 7.2 | |
| 13 | Cs-137 | Bq / l | 11 | |
| 14th | I-131 | Bq / l | 6.2 |
|
| Serial No. | Amount of water released or produced in a supply area per day in cubic meters per day | Minimum number of examinations per year | comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Quantity ≤ 1,000 | 1 | |
| 2 | 1,000 <quantity ≤ 10,000 | 1 | plus for the amount exceeding 1,000 cubic meters per day, 1 per 3,300 cubic meters per day (partial amounts as the remainder of the calculation are rounded up to 3,300 cubic meters) |
| 3 | 10,000 <quantity ≤ 100,000 | 3 | plus for the amount exceeding 10,000 cubic meters per day, 1 per 10,000 cubic meters per day (partial amounts as the remainder of the calculation are rounded up to 10,000 cubic meters) |
| 4th | Quantity> 100,000 | 10 | plus for the amount exceeding 100,000 cubic meters per day, 1 for each additional 25,000 cubic meters per day (partial amounts as the remainder of the calculation are rounded up to 25,000 cubic meters) |
Appendix 4 (to §§ 14 Paragraph 2 Clause 1 and 19 Paragraph 2b Number 1) - Scope and frequency of inspections of drinking water in a water supply area
| Amount of water released or produced in a water supply area in cubic meters per day | Group A parameters: number of examinations
per year |
Group B parameters: number of examinations |
|---|---|---|
| <10 | 1 | 1 every 3 years |
| ≥ 10 to ≤ 1,000 | 4th | 1 per year |
| > 1,000 to ≤ 10,000 | 4 plus 3 for each additional 1,000 cubic meters per day for the amount exceeding 1,000 cubic meters per day | 1 per year plus 1 for every 4,500 cubic meters per day for the amount exceeding 1,000 cubic meters
(Partial quantities as the remainder of the calculation are rounded up to 4,500 cubic meters) |
| > 10,000 to ≤ 100,000 | 3 per year plus 1 for every 10,000 cubic meters per day for the amount exceeding 10,000 cubic meters (partial amounts as the remainder of the calculation are rounded up to 10,000 cubic meters) | |
| > 100,000 | 12 per year plus 1 per 25,000 cubic meters per day for the amount exceeding 100,000 cubic meters (partial amounts as the remainder of the calculation are rounded up to 25,000 cubic meters) |
Appendix 5 (to § 15 Paragraph 1, 2 and 4) Specifications for the analysis of the parameters
still to be added
Further articles on the topic of water and water law
The EC directive “On the quality of water for human consumption” (98/83 / EC) provides a basis for the law on drinking water.
Political and legal measures to avoid water pollution , water protection , as well as the topic of water and groundwater can also be found in the Wikipedia articles Water Law , Directive 2000/60 / EC (Water Framework Directive) and Drinking Water Protection in Disaster Response Vehicles . The categories listed at the bottom of this page each contain a further list of articles and enable you to search upwards in the subject area of environmental law .
The articles water abstraction fee , incentive tax and double dividend hypothesis deal with economic topics in connection with water quality .
A list of abbreviations from legal language leads to the Min / TafelWV ( Mineral and Table Water Ordinance ) or the Water Management Act (WHG).
The right of access to clean water deals with the global human right to drinking water .
In some articles there are references in the column on the left to the parallel articles in English or another language, for example for drinking water .
Technical aspects of the manufacture and operation of drinking water installations are dealt with in guideline VDI / DVGW 6023 .
literature
- J. Gerhardt, LL.M .: Drinking Water Ordinance, Commentary, Twentysix Verlag, Norderstedt 2020, ISBN 978-3-7407-0609-8 .
- A. Grohmann, U. Hässelbarth, W. Schwerdtfeger (Ed.): The drinking water regulation. Introduction and explanations for water supply companies and monitoring authorities . 4th edition. Erich Schmidt Verlag, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-503-05805-2 .
- U. Oehmichen, M. Schmitz, P. Seeliger: The new drinking water ordinance: The comment from a legal and technical-economic point of view . 3. Edition. Wirtschafts- und Verlagsgesellschaft Gas und Wasser mbH, Bonn 2012, ISBN 978-3-89554-189-6 .
- F.-G. Pfeifer The new drinking water ordinance: new obligations for owners and managers . 2nd Edition. Haus & Grund, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-939787-64-8 .
Web links
- Text of the Drinking Water Ordinance (Germany)
- Austrian Drinking Water Ordinance - TWV, Federal Law Gazette II No. 304/2001, as amended
- Microbiological requirements in Switzerland
Individual evidence
- ↑ The official abbreviation was abbreviated with Art. 1 Para. 1 of the regulation on the new regulation of drinking water regulations of January 3, 2018 ( Federal Law Gazette I p. 99 ).
- ↑ Directive 98/83 / EC of the Council of November 3, 1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption . In: Official Journal No. L 330 of 05/12/1998, pp. 32–54, accessed from EUR-Lex 3 January 2013
- ^ Drafts, explanations for the 2011 amendment
- ↑ First ordinance amending the drinking water ordinance v. May 3, 2011 (BGBl. I p. 748)
- ↑ Second ordinance amending the Drinking Water Ordinance v. December 5, 2012 (BGBl. I p. 2562)
- ↑ Federal Council printed paper 721/00 of November 8, 2000, page 53 (PDF; 6.7 MB)
- ↑ Test of water filters by Stiftung Warentest
- ↑ a b According to German Drinking Water Ordinance 2001, Annex 2, Part I, serial no. 4
- ↑ a b Annex 2 (to Section 6 Paragraph 2 ) of the Drinking Water Ordinance (TrinkwV 2001)
- ↑ a b c Federal Health Gazette, Health Research, Health Protection, 2004, No. 47, pp. 296-300, archived copy ( memento of the original from April 19, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Appendix 3 (to § 7 and § 14 paragraph 3) of the Drinking Water Ordinance (TrinkwV 2001)
- ↑ Appendix 3 (to § 7 and § 14 paragraph 3) of the Drinking Water Ordinance (TrinkwV 2001)
