Iosifalau
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Iosifalău Josefsdorf Újjózseffalva |
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| Basic data | |||||
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| State : |
 Romania
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| Historical region : | Banat | ||||
| Circle : | Timiș | ||||
| Municipality : | Topolovățu Mare | ||||
| Coordinates : | 45 ° 47 ' N , 21 ° 41' E | ||||
| Time zone : | EET ( UTC +2) | ||||
| Height : | 116 m | ||||
| Residents : | 528 (2002) | ||||
| Postal code : | 307423 | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+40) 02 56 | ||||
| License plate : | TM | ||||
| Structure and administration (as of 2012) | |||||
| Community type : | Village | ||||
| Mayor : | Neșcu Iosif-Ioan ( PD-L ) | ||||
Iosifalău (German Josefsdorf , Hungarian Újjózseffalva or Józseffalva ) is a village in the Banat , Romania .
history
After the Peace of Passarowitz on July 21, 1718, after 164 years of Turkish rule, the Banat was attached to the Habsburg Monarchy and, as the imperial crown and chamber domain, was subordinated to the Vienna government. The Habsburg colonization of the Banat began with the so-called Swabian trains . The former German village of Josefsdorf between Timișoara and Lugoj was founded in 1882.
As a result of the Austro-Hungarian settlement in February 1867, the Banat came under Hungarian administration internally . A huge wave of Magyarization began, which peaked at the beginning of the 20th century. The place received the official name Józseffalva. Around 1900, numerous residents emigrated to North Dakota in America. The newly built church was consecrated in 1937.
On June 4, 1920, the Banat was divided into three parts as a result of the Treaty of Trianon . The largest, eastern part, to which Josefsdorf also belonged, fell to the Kingdom of Romania . In 1923 the place received the official name Iosifalău.
As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany , all men of German origin who were conscripted into the German army. During the Second World War 39 soldiers died in the Romanian army or in the German armed forces. During the deportation to Russia 1945-1949 21 residents perished.
The Land Reform Act of March 23, 1945 , which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, deprived the rural population of their livelihoods. The expropriated land was distributed to smallholders, farm workers and colonists from other parts of the country. The collectivization of agriculture was initiated in the early 1950s . Through the nationalization law of June 11, 1948 , which provided for the nationalization of all industrial and commercial enterprises, banks and insurance companies, the expropriation of all economic enterprises took place regardless of ethnicity.
Most of the German residents moved to Germany from 1945 to 1989 after the Second World War, and many more in the early 1990s. In 2002, 20 residents of the place called themselves Germans. The " Heimatortsgemeinschaft Josefsdorf" in the Banat was founded in 1963.
Today the place belongs to the municipality of Topolovățu Mare .
See also
literature
- Festschrift: Josefsdorf 1882–1982, 1982
- Homeland book: Josefsdorf im Banat, by Hans Klein, 1986
- Elke Hoffmann, Peter-Dietmar Leber and Walter Wolf : The Banat and the Banat Swabians. Volume 5. Cities and Villages , Media Group Universal Grafische Betriebe München GmbH, Munich, 2011, 670 pages, ISBN 3-922979-63-7 .
Web links
- banater-aktualitaet.de , Anton Zollner: Through former German villages of the Banat, Josefsdorf
Individual evidence
- ↑ www.kia.hu (PDF; 982 kB)