Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego
| Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego | ||
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| Waters | Drake Street | |
| Archipelago | fire land | |
| Geographical location | 53 ° 51 ′ S , 68 ° 34 ′ W | |
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| surface | 47992 km² | |
| Highest elevation |
Monte Darwin 2488 m |
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| Residents | 110,000 | |
| main place | Rio Grande | |
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The Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego ( Spanish for "Big Tierra del Fuego Island") is the main island of the Tierra del Fuego archipelago , of which it takes up over half the area. It is separated from the South American mainland by the Strait of Magellan and belongs to the countries Argentina (eastern part 18,507.3 km²) and Chile (29,484.7 km²). In the south, the Beagle Channel separates them from the Chilean islands of Hoste , Navarino , Lennox, Picton and Nueva and many other smaller islets. The Argentine Isla de los Estados is located 30 kilometers east of the Eastern Cape of Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego .
Politically, the island belongs on the Chilean side to the Región de Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena (provinces Tierra del Fuego and partly Antártica Chilena ), on the Argentine side to the province of Tierra del Fuego (departments Río Grande and Ushuaia ).
With an area of 47,992 km², Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego is the 30th largest island in the world. The main cities on the island are Río Grande and Ushuaia (both Argentina); the largest settlement on the Chilean side is Porvenir . More than 100,000 people live on the well-developed Argentine side of the island, compared to less than 10,000 on the Chilean side.
At 2,488 meters, Monte Darwin is the highest point on the island. The southernmost point is marked by Cabo San Pío , the easternmost by Cabo San Diego on the Peninsula Miter . On the Chilean side, two bays, the Bahía Inútil and the Almirantazgo Fjord , characterize the picture. In the south of the island there is a larger lake, Lago Fagnano .
In the north of the Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego there are oil deposits - the most important production facilities are in the Chilean part of the island near Cerro Sombrero .