Istvan Pataki

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1974 commemorative stamp

István Pataki (born September 21, 1914 in Budapest - Kőbánya ; † December 24, 1944 in Sopronkőhida ) was a Hungarian worker ( engraver ) and resistance fighter against the German occupation and their Hungarian collaboration .

prehistory

He grew up in the Kőbánya district and began an engraving apprenticeship in 1930. As a member of the Social Democratic Party of Hungary , he was politically active in its youth movement from 1930 and in the metalworkers' union from 1933. In March 1944 the Wehrmacht occupied large parts of Hungary in the Margarethe company and the fascist and Hitler-loyal Arrow Cross members under Ferenc Szálasi took power and established a military dictatorship . Pataki then went underground and took part in the organization of the armed resistance , combined with the hope that the Hungarian troops would give up their weapons and overflow. The Soviet Army advanced and on November 3, 1944, the 102-day siege of Budapest began , which completely enclosed the city by December 26.

Arrest and execution

After treason, the Honvéd military arrested him on November 23, 1944 together with other work colleagues in the SS- controlled steel and iron factory Manfréd Weisz, Weiss Manfréd Acél-és Fémművek , today Csepel . He was taken to the military prison on Margit Boulevard (Margit Körut) and then to the prison in Sopronkőhida , where the Arrow Cross court martial sentenced him to death . On December 24, 1944, he was with the resistance fighters Róbert Kreutz and Barnabás Pesti firing squad , others were hanged . On February 13, 1945, the trapped units of the Wehrmacht, the SS and the Hungarian corps capitulated.

Remembrance and commemoration

During the period when Hungary was under Soviet influence (1949–1989), many streets, squares, schools and other cultural institutions were named after him, some of which were repealed after 1989.

Memorial plaque in Sopronköhida
  • Postage stamp from the Hungarian Post Office, 1974.
  • Memorial plaque together with Endre Bajcsy-Zsilinszky , György Dalos, József Deutsch, Emil Fisch, Elek Kádár Klein, Róbert Kreutz, János Németh, Barnabás Pesti, Lajos Stelczer, János Topa, Lajos Zsebeházi, all executed on December 24, 1944; at the front of the main building of Sopronkőhida Prison, Sopron , 25 Pesti Barnabás Street.
  • Inscription with a quote from his farewell letter and short biography in several languages ​​at the Monumento alla Resistenza europea in Como, see literature: Farewell letter.
  • Square and House of Culture : Patky István Square , 1953–1989, now Szent László Square in Budapest– Kőbánya , 10th district; adjoining the Kőrösi Csoma Sándor Kőbánya cultural center , formerly the "Pataky István" cultural center , see literature: Lajos Csernus-Lukács.
  • School : "Istvan Pataky" Metropolitan High School for Telecommunications and Computer Science, Fővárosi Gyakorló Híradásipari és Informatikai Szakközépiskola "István Pataky" in Budapest – Kőbánya.
  • Stele with bust , limestone bust by sculptor Péter Rózsa, built on 20 September 1964 the court, from 2013 in the courtyard of the adjacent Cultural Center, see above: Place and Culture Center and Web Links: kozterkep.hu .

literature

  • Lajos Csernus-Lukács among others: Kőbányai utcák, utak, terek, parkok története, history of streets, squares, parks of Kőbánya , publisher: Budapest Főváros, Budapest 1985, pages 100–104: The Istvàn-Pataki-Platz with cultural center and bust.
  • Farewell letter in Piero Malvezzi and Giovanni Pirelli: Lettere di condannati a morte della Resistenza Europea , publisher: Giulio Einaudi, Turin 1954, German: Last letters to death condemned , publisher: dtv, Munich 1962, page 289-298: Chronology of the Hungarian resistance with Short biography and suicide note, pp. 296–298.
  • Further references, see web links: opac-nevter.pim.hu.

Web links

Commons : István Pataki  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  • opac-nevter.pim.hu Website of the literary museum with basic data and further literature.
  • kozterkep.hu Website of the köztérkép initiative (public map) with information, images and documents on the square and the stele, see: Remembrance and Commemoration.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Also Pataky; Hungarian name order: Pataki István, this article uses the German name order: first name family name.
personal data
SURNAME Pataki, Istvan
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pataky
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hungarian resistance fighter
DATE OF BIRTH September 21, 1914
PLACE OF BIRTH Budapest
DATE OF DEATH December 24, 1944
Place of death Sopronkőhida