Jörn Bleck-Neuhaus

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jörn Bleck-Neuhaus (* 1942 in Danzig as Jörn Bleck ) is a German nuclear physicist and professor at the University of Bremen .

Life

Jörn Bleck-Neuhaus spent the first years of his life in his native Gdansk. At the end of the Second World War , the family fled to Hamburg , where he attended elementary school from 1948 . Further professional positions of his father were Westerland on Sylt , where he continued his primary school attendance until 1952 and then attended the Progymnasium Sylt, and finally from 1958 Oldenburg in Lower Saxony . There Jörn Bleck-Neuhaus attended the Hindenburg School , where he received a sound scientific education and graduated from high school in 1961 .

From 1961 to 1967 he studied physics at the University of Göttingen and the Free University of Berlin (FU Berlin). One of his academic teachers was Karl Heinz Lindenberger ( experimental physics ), who also supervised his diploma thesis on the magnetic moment of the 2nd excited state of the 19 F core .

In 1970 he received his doctorate from the Free University of Berlin with a thesis on nuclear and solid-state physical investigations. Then worked as an assistant professor at the Free University of Berlin . In 1970 and 1971, I worked in planning at the University of Bremen .

In 1973 Bleck-Neuhaus was appointed professor for nuclear physics at the University of Bremen. His areas of interest here included physics in general as well as teaching physical ways of thinking inside and outside the university. In particular, he devoted himself to environmental physics and its atomic and nuclear physics fundamentals, and later to atmospheric trace gas reactions ( ozone , greenhouse gases ). Other areas of work were nuclear solid state physics, environmental radioactivity, the risks of using atomic energy, medical physics and surface physics of the solid state.

Bleck-Neuhaus gained special experience through long stays abroad in developing countries, including six years to set up a physics course in Managua / Nicaragua (1984–1990) and one year in Guatemala (1996/97).

In 2006 Bleck-Neuhaus took early retirement in order to have more time for travel, family and scientific publications. Several books have been published since then.

Act

Environmental problem radioactivity

Specializing in nuclear physics, Bleck-Neuhaus began studying radio-ecology in Bremen in 1973, i. H. on the spread and impact of small amounts of radioactive waste . The results achieved showed that the harmlessness of the (at that time still strongly increasing) use of atomic energy cannot be proven with reliable knowledge. This work also led to the in cooperation u. a. With his Bremen colleagues Jens Scheer , Inge Schmitz-Feuerhake and Walther Soyka as part of the SAIU project ("Pollution at the workplace and in the industrial region of Unterweser"), written on the correct understanding of the nuclear industry: 66 replies , which is a widespread advertising brochure of the nuclear industry on reactor safety contradicted and soon advanced to a "standard work of the anti-nuclear power scene " and experienced several editions. The experimental work of this time later flowed into the "State Measurement Center for Radioactivity", newly founded in 1986 (after Chernobyl ), and its radio-ecological research.

Physics in Bremen: Research and teaching in a new way

From 1973 onwards, Bleck-Neuhaus worked on the planning of a new “Physics” course in Bremen and its implementation. He was guided by a differentiated conception of physics, which takes into account both the gain in knowledge and technical progress made possible by it, as well as the sometimes harmful consequences (e.g. ozone hole , global warming , which in turn are often recognizable early due to improved measurement methods) . Instead of traditional lectures, almost only "projects" were used as forms of courses. The common work in small groups of students, lecturers and technical staff dominated, who primarily devoted themselves to those applications of physics that cause problems in the world of work or the environment, or that can help to uncover them. These vehement reform positions could not be maintained in the long run and were gradually abandoned in favor of traditional teaching forms and content.

Experience from Nicaragua

Bleck-Neuhaus has been working in Nicaragua since 1984 on developing the physics course at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua (UNAN) . At that time Nicaragua was one of the poorest countries in Central and South America. During the planning and implementation of the courses, the special task was to do justice to the educational and experience opportunities of the Nicaraguan students, since, according to Bleck-Neuhaus' experience, neither the reform-oriented concept of the project study from Bremen nor that of the traditional German teaching forms was easy to use .

In Nicaragua, Bleck-Neuhaus said that it was mainly about practicing the basics of experimentation, precise observation, analysis of one's own observations and critical and self-critical work with textbooks with the students, without looking for one or the other to proceed with the other of the patterns mentioned "typically German". For Bleck-Neuhaus, however, the need for more scientific and especially physical education was obvious: After the successful uprising (1979) against a hated dynasty of dictators , the possibility of developing oneself required the training of scientific specialists who could help shape the future of the country themselves.

The result was an internship laboratory for the production of solar cells - the only physics laboratory for students in Nicaragua. Radiation measurements were also started in the radiological clinics , from which the Nicaraguan radiation protection authority emerged a little later.

The experience gained there was later also useful in Guatemala, where Bleck-Neuhaus helped set up a measurement laboratory for environmental radioactivity at the Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala (USAC) in 1996/1997 .

Nuclear solid state physics

From 1990 to 1997 Bleck-Neuhaus' main focus was again on basic physical research: How do highly ionized atoms or even "bare nuclei" react when they fly towards a metal surface in a vacuum? They suck out numerous electrons and use them to form the then newly discovered hollow atoms , until they either penetrate the solid or bounce off it. Physically interesting is how the surface reacts to the tremendously strong local electric fields, when and how many electrons emerge and how these are arranged in the orbitals of the projectile ion. Experiments on this were carried out by his research group in close cooperation with Nikolaus Stolterfoht in Caen ( France ) and Berlin , and he developed the theoretical models with his group in Bremen .

Environmental physics

Since 1998 Bleck-Neuhaus worked on problems of atmospheric environmental physics. It was about a more detailed understanding of the physical and chemical reactions of halogen compounds that z. B. can contribute to ozone depletion . These reactions generate short-lived intermediate products, the chemical and photochemical behavior of which had to be investigated more closely in order to obtain the necessary data for optical remote sensing measurements, model calculations and future forecasts.

In addition, he was involved in the development of the international master's degree in " Environmental Physics ", which was supposed to do justice to the increasing importance of both this subject and the global orientation of the sciences. The course was established in the early 2000s and is still offered today (as of 2020).

Publications (selection)

  • Authors group of the SAIU project at the University of Bremen: Klaus Bätjer, Klaus Begemann, Jörn Bleck, u. A. For a correct understanding of the nuclear industry: 66 replies . Oberbaumverlag, Berlin 1975, ISBN 3-87628-097-4 ( table of contents [PDF]).
  • Promise a lot, keep little - environmental protection policy for a nuclear power plant in Lower Saxony. University of Bremen, Press and Information Office, Bremen 1979.
  • Jörn Bleck; Inge Schmitz-Feuerhake: The effect of ionizing radiation on people. University of Bremen, Press and Information Office, Bremen 1979.
  • Radiation exposure from radio iodine levies from the planned Wyhl nuclear power plant - expert opinion on the radiation exposure of the thyroid gland from radioactive iodine-131 for the administrative court of Baden-Württemberg. University of Bremen, Press and Information Office, pamphlet warehouse, Bremen 1982.
  • Elementary Particles - Modern Physics from Atoms to the Standard Model (Springer textbook). Springer, Berlin; Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-540-85299-5 .
  • Elementary particles - from atoms to the Standard Model to the Higgs boson. 2nd Edition. Springer, Berlin; Heidelberg 2013, ISBN 978-3-642-32579-3 .
  • Elementary particles - from atoms to the Standard Model to the Higgs boson. 2nd edition, online edition. Springer Spectrum, Berlin; Heidelberg 2013, ISBN 978-3-642-32578-6 .
  • Waldemar Bauer, Jörn Bleck-Neuhaus, Rainer Dombois, Ingo Wehrtmann: Developing research projects. From the idea to the publication. A practical Guide. Nomos UTB, Baden-Baden 2016, ISBN 978-3-8252-4626-6 .
  • Waldemar Bauer, Jörn Bleck-Neuhaus, Rainer Dombois, Ingo Wehrtmann: Developing research projects. From the idea to the publication. 2nd Edition. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, Baden-Baden 2018, ISBN 978-3-8487-3993-6 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jörn Bleck-Neuhaus: Nuclear and solid-state physical investigations on the first excited state of the core 63Ni. Dissertation, Free University of Berlin, Math.-Naturwiss. Faculty, Berlin 1970. Reviewers: Karl Heinz Lindenberger , Stefan Hüfner .
  2. ↑ group of authors of the project SAIU at the University of Bremen: Klaus Bätjer, Klaus Begemann, Jörn Bleck, u. A. For a correct understanding of the nuclear industry: 66 replies . Oberbaumverlag, Berlin 1975, ISBN 3-87628-097-4 ( table of contents [PDF]).
  3. ^ Roland Roth: The social movements in Germany since 1945: A manual . Campus Verlag, 2008, p. 258, footnote 13 ( google.de ).
  4. ^ Reimar Paul: There is no such thing as a harmless dose of radiation . In: New Germany . February 25, 2016 ( neue-deutschland.de ).
  5. ↑ Jochen Paulus: The fight goes on . In: The time . No. 28/2000 , July 6, 2000 ( zeit.de [accessed February 28, 2020]).
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g h Jörn Bleck-Neuhaus. Retrieved March 1, 2020 .
  7. ↑ Per capita income 1985. In: gapminder.org. Retrieved March 1, 2020 .
  8. ↑ N. Stolterfoht, A. Arnau, M. Grether, R. Koehrbrück, A. Spieler, R. Page, A. Saal, J. Thomaschewski, J. Bleck-Neuhaus: Multiple-cascade model for the filling of hollow Ne atoms moving below an Al surface . In: Phys. Rev. A . tape 52 , no. 1 , 1995, p. 445-456 , doi : 10.1103 / PhysRevA.52.445 .
  9. ↑ J. Thomaschewski, J. Bleck-Neuhaus, et al. : Hollow nitrogen atoms probing the jellium edge in front of a Au (111) surface . In: Phys. Rev. A . tape 57 , no. 5 , 1998, pp. 3665-3673 , doi : 10.1103 / PhysRevA.57.3665 .
  10. ^ Postgraduate Program in Environmental Physics. (No longer available online.) Uni-bremen.de, 2001, archived from the original on May 28, 2002 ; accessed on March 1, 2020 (English, German).
  11. ↑ M.Sc. Environmental Physics. uni-bremen.de, accessed on March 1, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Bleck-Neuhaus, Jörn
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bleck, Jörn (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German nuclear physicist and professor
DATE OF BIRTH 1942
PLACE OF BIRTH Danzig