Moisés Ville Jewish cemetery

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Moisés Ville Jewish cemetery
Glance into the entrance hall

The Jewish Cemetery of Moisés Ville ( Spanish Cementerio Israelita de Moisés Ville ) is the oldest Jewish cemetery in Argentina . It is located just outside the center of Moisés Ville . The place was founded in 1889 by Jewish refugees from Podolia and is considered to be the first Jewish agricultural settlement in South America .

graveyard

The cemetery is located one kilometer northeast of the center on the unpaved Calle Nicasio Sánchez and extends over a property area of ​​14,280 m². Three broad, parallel main paths are crossed at right angles by three narrow, parallel side paths. The approximately 2400 graves face east and are divided into 13 sections. In the cemetery there are both very simple tombstones made of limed bricks and those with elaborate decorations made of granite or marble . The early gravestones stand out due to their special round shape. Most of the grave inscriptions are in Hebrew or Yiddish , some of them are illegible. Shields of David and Menorot are used as symbols . Representations of the Aaronic blessing express the deceased's membership of the Kohanim . Tragic deaths are marked by pictures of broken tree trunks. Only a few gravestones are provided with photographs. There is a Holocaust memorial in the middle of the complex . At the exit there is a water pump for ritual hand washing after leaving the cemetery.

Entrance hall

The main entrance is by the entrance hall on the southwest corner of the cemetery. The building is white on the outside limed . A plaque with the Hebrew inscription Beith Hajaim (House of Life, synonym for cemetery ) is placed above the wrought-iron gate painted white by Meir Berdichevsky . From the main hall, in which there are several benches, a door leads on the left into the porter's lodge , in which the register of graves and the alphabetically sorted death books are kept. The oldest death register is in the parish office. The storage room for cult objects is attached to the porter's lodge. On the right side is a shed with the historic, carved wooden and richly decorated horse-drawn corpse car from 1921, which was still in use until 1979. The toilets are external additions to the western cemetery wall, but they are accessible from the inside of the cemetery. From the entrance hall you enter the cemetery through three open arches (two to the north, one to the east). Between the two north-facing arches there is a plaque with the following inscription:

"En homenaje a las víctimas de los atentados a la embajada de Israel (17 de Marzo de 1992) y AMIA (18 de Julio de 1994)
Moisés Ville, Julio de 1999"

"In memory of the victims of the attacks on the Israeli embassy (March 17, 1992) and the AMIA (July 18, 1994)
Moisés Ville, July 1999"

In addition to the main entrance on the southwest corner, there is an entrance on the west side of the wall and an entrance for vehicles on the east side.

history

The cemetery was established on January 8, 1891, after only two years of settlement in Moisés Ville. Although the Jewish community in Buenos Aires was founded in 1862, there was no Jewish cemetery there. Another Jewish cemetery was established in the village of Carlos Casares in 1891. People from the provinces of Entre Rios , Santiago del Estero , Tucumán and Córdoba are buried in Moisés Ville . According to oral tradition, the property belonged to a Horovitz family, who donated it to build a cemetery on the occasion of the death of a relative. The original owner is the Jewish Colonization Association , founded in 1891 , which sold the property to the local Chewra Kadischa on September 7, 1940 . In 1969 the Chewra Kadischa was renamed the Asociación Israelita de Moisés Ville and later to the Comunidad Mutual Israelita de Moisés Ville , whose property and maintenance of the cemetery is still today. The Comunidad Mutual Israelita de Moisés Ville is also active in other social matters and manages several schools in the village. In 1992 a tornado destroyed some of the oldest burial sites. In 2016 there was an unspecified attack on the cemetery.

Special tombs

Model of the SS Weser with which the first settlers reached Argentina (Jewish Museum of Buenos Aires)
  • Rabbi Aarón Halevi Goldmann (born 1853 or 1854 in Kamjanez-Podilskyj , died 1932), spiritual leader of the first settlers and founder of Moisés Ville
  • Pinjas Glasberg, the colony's organizer in its early years
  • Noé Cociovich (born May 24, 1862 in Slonim , emigrated to Moisés Ville in 1894, died May 5, 1936), founder of the agricultural cooperative and author of the Yiddish Genesis de Moisés Ville

Children's graves

When the first Russian settlers arrived in Buenos Aires with the SS Weser on August 14, 1889 , they did not receive the land that had been guaranteed to them in the contract with the landowner Pedro Palacios. Some of them survived the next few months in a warehouse at Palacios station . Between August and October 1889, 60 to 80 children died here from an epidemic, probably from typhus . The names of the children are not documented. Their graves are in the oldest part of the cemetery. There is a memorial in the cemetery to commemorate what happened.

Grave of Gregorio Gerchunoff

Among the first settlers also composed was Khmelnytsky originating Gregorio Gerchunoff (Gerson ben Abraham), the father of the author and journalist Alberto Gerchunoff , who with his 1910 book, Los gauchos judíos is considered the father of the Jewish-Latin American literature. Gregorio Gerchunoff was murdered by a gaucho on February 12, 1891 and is buried here.

Grave of the Waisman family

In the second row of section 6, the sixth place is the grave of the Waisman family. It is the largest burial place in the cemetery. The four members of the family (father, mother, daughter and son), who were murdered by gauchos on July 28, 1897, are buried in a line here. A Hebrew inscription says:

"Here lie / Mr. Mordejai Joseph, son of Froim Zalmen / his wife Gitl, daughter of Moshe / their daughter Perl / their son, the child Baruj / who died from murderous hands."

In 1994, Juana Waisman, daughter of surviving son Marcos (Meyer) Waisman, affixed a new plaque:

"En memoria de nuestros queridos abuelos asesinados en 1897 / JOSE WAISMAN y GUITEL PERELMUTER / y SUS HIJAS PERLA y BEBÉ / QEPD / Agosto de 1994."

"In memory of our beloved grandparents who were murdered in 1897 / JOSE WAISMAN and GUITEL PERELMUTER / and YOUR CHILDREN PERLA and BABY / May they rest in peace / August 1994"

Weisburd mausoleum

The mausoleum of the Weisburd family , which is architecturally unusual for the cemetery, is located near the main entrance . One of the first colonists, Israel Weisburd, who later became very wealthy, had it built for himself and his family by a company from Rosario in 1937 . But since his descendants fell out over the inheritance, Israel Weisburd is the only one of the family in the mausoleum. You enter the building through an iron gate and a few steps that lead down. Due to the floods of 1972 and 1983, the mausoleum is not open to the public.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Cementerio Israelita. In: Comuna Moisés Ville: ¿Qué visitar? Retrieved December 5, 2018 .
  2. ^ A b c d e f Moisesville: Santa Fe Province. In: International Jewish Cemetery Project, International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies. 2003, accessed December 5, 2018 .
  3. ↑ Atacaron al cementerio de judío Moisés Ville. In: Notife - Diario digital de Santa Fe. September 12, 2016, accessed December 5, 2018 .
  4. ↑ a b Noé Cociovitch: Genesis de Moisés Ville . 2nd Edition. Milá, Buenos Aires 2005, ISBN 987-9491-55-6 , pp. 282 (Yiddish: Mozezviler Bereyshis . Translated by Iaacov Lerman in collaboration with Abraham Platkin, first edition: Los Talleres Graficos de Julio Kaufman, Buenos Aires 1947).
  5. ↑ Sergio Iván Cherjovsky: De la Rusia zarista a la pampa argentina. Memoria e identidad en las colonias de la Jewish Colonization Association. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, 2013, accessed December 9, 2018 .
  6. ^ A b Richard O'Mara: Palestine on the Pampas. In: Virginia Quarterly Review. December 12, 2003, accessed December 6, 2018 .
  7. ↑ Javier Sinay: Los crímenes de Moisés Ville. Una historia de gauchos y judíos (=  Andanzas / Mirada Crónica ). Tusquets Editores, Buenos Aires 2013, ISBN 978-987-670-185-3 .
  8. ↑ The Crimes of Moisés Ville: A Story of Gauchos and Jews. In: Tabletmag: A New Read on Jewish Life. August 11, 2014, accessed December 5, 2018 .

literature

  • Adriana Collado, María Elena Del Barco, Eva Guelbert de Rosenthal: Patrimonio urbano arquitectónico de Moisés Ville: inventario de la primera colonia judía en la Argentina . Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe 2004, ISBN 987-508-371-2 , pp. 45-51 .
  • Javier Sinay: Los crímenes de Moisés Ville. Una historia de gauchos y judíos (=  Andanzas / Mirada Crónica ). Tusquets Editores, Buenos Aires 2013, ISBN 978-987-670-185-3 .

Coordinates: 30 ° 25 ′ 48 ″  S , 61 ° 17 ′ 24 ″  W