Jaime de Borbón (1870-1931)

Jaime de Borbón III.

Don Jaime (III.) De Borbón y Bourbon-Parma , full name Don Jaime Pío Juan Carlos Bienvenido Sansón Pelayo Hermenegildo Recaredo Álvaro Fernando Gonzalo Alfonso María de los Dolores Enrique Luis Roberto Francisco Ramiro José Joaquín Isidro Leandro Miguel Gabriel Rafael Pedro Benito Felipe de Borbón y de Borbón-Parma (born June 27, 1870 in Vevey , Switzerland , † October 2, 1931 in Paris , France ) was Duke of Madrid and Anjou. He was a pretender to the French throne from 1909 until his death.

Life

Jaime was the only son of Carlos María de los Dolores de Borbón (1848–1909) and his first wife, Princess Margarethe Maria (1847–1893), eldest daughter of Duke Ferdinand Karl III. of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla and Princess Louise Marie Therese of France .

Jaime was educated by Jesuits at the Collège de Vaugirard near Paris and at Beaumont College near Windsor . Then he came to the Theresian Military Academy in Wiener Neustadt for three years . In 1896 he was assigned a command in the Russian army and rose to a lieutenant colonel. Between 1900 and 1901 he took part in the suppression of the Chinese Boxer Rebellion and fought in the Battle of Tianjin . From 1904 to 1905 he fought in the Russo-Japanese War and took part in the battles of Liaoyang and Vafangon .

Pretender of the Carlist

Since the death of his father on July 18, 1909, he was seen by the Spanish Carlist as the legitimate heir to the Spanish ( Jaime III ) and by the French Legitimists as the heir to the French throne ( Jacques I ). Since then he has used the titles of Duke of Madrid and Duke of Anjou . Don Jaime then withdrew from the Russian army. During the First World War , the pretender Don Jaime was under house arrest at Schloss Frohsdorf in Austria, with no possibility of contacting the Comunión Tradicionalista , the political arm of the Carlist movement . When communication was possible again after the end of the war, there was an immediate break: if Don Jaime was pro- French, the political leadership of the Carlist during the war had been strictly pro-German because of the liberal aims of France and England . This led to a conflict in which the movement agreed on a neutral line, while the pro-German supporters of the movement (the so-called Mellists , after their leader Juan Vazquez de Mella ) - who were also inclined to reform with regard to the Carlist program - came from the Party were excluded.

In April 1931, the constitutional king of Spain, Alfonso XIII. , forced to leave the country and the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed. The overthrown king and the Carlist pretender Don Jaime met in Paris and allegedly reconciled here - that Alfons recognized the pretender as the head of the Spanish Bourbon family, but it may be a rumor. Don Jaime, who had protested sharply against the proclamation of the republic, died soon afterwards, and his uncle Don Alfonso Carlos , now the rightful pretender in the eyes of the Carlist, had the pact revoked.

A week after meeting Alfonso, Don Jaime died in Paris and was buried in the Villa dei Borbone estate near Viareggio .

literature

• Arnold McNaughton: The Book of Kings. A Royal Genealogy. Garnstone Press, London 1973, ISBN 0-900391-19-7 .
• Gerald Brenan : The History of Spain. About the social and political background of the Spanish Civil War. Karin Kramer, Berlin 1978, ISBN 3-87956-034-X .

predecessor	Office	successor
Carlos María de Borbon	Head of the House of Bourbon, legitimist pretender to the throne of France 1909–1931	Alfonso Carlos de Borbon