Jakobsbergerhof
The Jakobsbergerhof is a former monastery on the Jakobsberg , a Rhine height northeast of Boppard above the vineyards of the Bopparder Hamm . In the 21st century it is a hotel with a golf course.
The Jakobsbergerhof has been part of the Upper Middle Rhine Valley UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002 .
history
The Jakobsbergerhof was asset of the defunct Augustinian nuns - monastery Peternach , which in 1157 by Frederick Barbarossa was initially founded as a double monastery and was changing ownership. However, the double monastery was soon abandoned and after the monks moved away, St. Jacob was a sole nunnery under the direction of a master in 1272 at the latest. From various documents there are economic difficulties, so the monastery could never acquire greater importance and apparently also had no major possessions except agriculture. Larger donations are not known, apart from Richard of Cornwall , who in the 13th century gave the monastery an annual load of wine (approx. 1000 liters) from royal cultivation.
When the monastery was abandoned by the nuns in 1450, the management of the buildings and fields was initially transferred to the respective abbot of Springiersbach Monastery , until it was transferred to Archbishop Johann II of Trier in 1496 . This gave the monastery to the Teutonic Order in the following year . Despite the financial support from the Archbishop of Trier, who transferred the Rhenser Hospital to the monastery in 1500 , the further economic decline was inevitable. The order finally abolished the monastery in 1552, and the lands reverted to Kurtrier ; the Archbishop of Trier did not use it either. After the property was temporarily pledged to Johann Wolfgang von Liebenstein , who was unable to pay for it, the Koblenz Jesuits bought the farm in 1643 and restored the dilapidated monastery buildings. After the Jesuit order was abolished in 1773, the monastery and farm belonged to the Koblenz Görres-Gymnasium , which was previously a Jesuit school.
In the 18th and 19th centuries, the farm owned around 300 acres of land (around 50 percent arable and 50 percent pasture) and a vineyard. When the Rhineland was occupied by French revolutionary armies at the end of the 18th century, the former monastery buildings were destroyed.
In 1891 the tenant Ferdinand Sommer bought the farm together with around 40 farmers, vintners and craftsmen from the area. They are listed by name on a plaque in the St. James' Chapel, which was built by the community one year after the purchase. A flourishing agriculture is documented around the turn of the century, but after the Second World War it became increasingly unprofitable. In 1928 Walter Seligmann, a member of the Koblenz banking family Seligmann, acquired the building complex, which in the meantime had belonged to Julius vom Rath. Within 20 years, three fires broke out in the courtyard; the last fire in 1948 completely destroyed the house. Walter Seligmann, who had given up his Jewish-sounding name and was called Schultze-Rhonhof , was sentenced to two years imprisonment and a fine of 1,000 marks for deliberate arson and insurance fraud. The background was a bitter argument between him and the family of his tenant. He had previously been involved in denazification and made himself unpopular with former members of the NSDAP in the area, which had led to denunciations and defamations of his person. In 1988 the lawyer Hubert Hermans expressed the opinion that Schultze-Rhonhof had been wrongly convicted.
In 1960 Hans Riegel junior , son of the Haribo company founder, acquired the site. He converted the ruins of the monastery into a hotel, which opened in 1964. In the beginning this served primarily as a conference hotel and was used for celebrations. A shooting range for target and clay pigeon shooting is part of the facility.
In the early 1990s, the planning began to transform into a Golf - Resort . The 18-hole course planned by Wolfgang Jersombeck opened in 1994 on the high plateau above the Middle Rhine .
The Jakobsbergerhof in the 21st century
The architecture of the hotel still clearly shows the original purpose of the buildings. The courtyard is adorned with contemporary sculptures and plant arrangements.
The chapel of the former monastery has also been reconstructed from the fragments of the late Gothic original based on the historical model. It contains a baroque altar with a panel painting and a sculpture of St. James , but is also equipped with iron sculptures (Christ statue and stations of the cross) by the Italian sculptor Toni Benetton (Treviso 1910–1996). In 2003 a politician gave a large-format architectural drawing of Cologne Cathedral .
Behind the chapel there is a small park with larger than life sculptures of athletes in action and animals, for example by John Seward Johnson Junior (* 1930 in New Jersey; Match Point ), Pal Farkas (stag) , Ellen Muck (cow) from Cologne , K .-Eberhard Mangold (Bear) u. a.
The hotel complex also includes a helicopter landing pad.
The slightly hilly golf course is characterized by a wide range of variations in the design of the fairways and offers some panoramas. To the west the view goes into the Hunsrück , to the north down the Rhine in the direction of Koblenz , to the east on the right bank of the Rhine to the Marksburg and the Westerwald and to the south up the Rhine to the Rhine loop and Bopparder Hamm vineyard . The golf area includes practice facilities and dining facilities.
Starting from the periphery of the golf course, bicycle and circular hiking trails run through beech and oak forests on the heights of the Rhine; Two striking oaks ( angel oak and Hedwig oak ) and some viewpoints over the Rhine are integrated. The best known of them are the Vierseenblick , which lets the Rhine appear from a perspective that it looks like four individual lakes, as well as the Gedeonseck with an overall view of the Bopparder Hamm. Parts of the marked paths are sections of the Rheinburgenweg . There is also a fixed rope ( Mittelrhein Klettersteig Boppard ) to the slate rock high above the Rhine and since 2005 a practice area for Freeride - Mountain biking . Descents run through the vineyards and through the Mühltal to Boppard.
Brey-Spay-Jakobsberg cultural trail
Since June 2005, a Brey - Spay -Jakobsberg cultural trail with the logo of the portrait of the Roman emperor Septimius Severus (a total of approx. 16 km) on the eastern slope of the Jakobsberg has been integrating Iron Age barrows and relics of a Roman aqueduct from the golf hotel .
The barrows in the forest about 1 km behind the golf course, spread over an area of several hectares, are dated to the 6th to 3rd century BC and are attributed to the Hunsrück-Eifel culture ; the largest with a diameter of approx. 20 m are up to 2.50 m high and can still be recognized.
The Roman aqueduct is a qanat based on the original Persian system. On the slope of the Jakobsberg, shafts were presumably driven 6 to 8.80 meters apart and an approx. 60 centimeter wide connecting tunnel dug at a depth of 1.80 to 4.50 meters in the first century AD. Protected by a cover plate, the actual water pipe was built underneath; water still flows through the channel in places today.
The local population had already wondered about strange foxholes (it was the shafts) in the first half of the 20th century . The passage below was discovered in 1945 at the latest; it served some Breyer citizens as a hiding place from the approaching American troops. Archaeologists verified in 1963 that it was a Roman aqueduct. At that time only 50 meters of the corridor were discovered. It was not until 2003/04 that another 350 meter long piece with 42 shafts was identified, documented and partially made accessible or accessible.
The culture trail goes down to the Rhine, then runs through Brey, Niederpay and Oberspay and then climbs up through the vineyards of the Bopparder Hamm to the golf hotel.
literature
- Willi Nickenig: Monasteries and religious orders in Boppard , Boppard 2015.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Monasteries and religious orders in Boppard, accessed on April 10, 2018
- ^ Ulrich Offerhaus: Family and Bankhaus Seligmann in Koblenz and Cologne . Socrates & Friends, 2016, ISBN 978-3-9814234-9-5 , pp. 379 f .
Coordinates: 50 ° 15 ′ 24 ″ N , 7 ° 35 ′ 31 ″ E