James Mason Crafts
James Mason Crafts (born March 8, 1839 in Boston , † June 20, 1917 in Ridgefield , Connecticut ) was an American chemist.
Together with his friend Charles Friedel , he discovered the Friedel-Crafts alkylation and Friedel-Crafts acylation, named after both, in 1877 .
Life
The son of a textile manufacturer studied at Harvard University in Cambridge (Massachusetts) science . After obtaining a Bachelor of Science (1858), he continued his studies in 1859 at the Bergakademie Freiberg , in 1860 at the University of Heidelberg , where he was Bunsen's assistant , and in 1861 at the École de Médecine in Paris , where he worked under Wurtz and met Friedel. After working as a mine inspector in Mexico and the USA in 1865/66, he became professor of chemistry at Cornell University in Ithaca in 1867 . Also in 1867 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . In 1870 he followed the call to professor of analytical chemistry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Since 1872 Crafts was a member of the National Academy of Sciences . In 1874 he returned to Paris for health reasons and worked again with Friedel under Wurtz. In 1877 they discovered the catalytic effect of aluminum chloride in the reaction of aromatics with alkyl halides (Friedel-Crafts reactions). In 1891 he returned to MIT and became its president in 1895. In 1900 he retired. In 1916 he was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society .
Works
- In 1877 Friedel and Crafts discovered the catalytic effect of inorganic halogen compounds for the production of alkylated and acetylated aromatics (Friedel-Crafts reaction).
- Work on organic silicon compounds.
Publications
- Research on the Ethers Silicique et sur le Poids Atomique du Silicium
- Sur quelques nouvelles Combinaisons organiques du Silicium et sur le poids atomique de cet élément
Web links
- Literature by and about James Mason Crafts in the WorldCat bibliographic database
Individual evidence
- ^ Member History: James M. Crafts. American Philosophical Society, accessed June 30, 2018 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Crafts, James Mason |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | American chemist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 8, 1839 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Boston |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 20, 1917 |
| Place of death | Ridgefield, Connecticut |