Jan Czeczot

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Jan Czeczot (19th century)
Coat of arms of Jan Czeczot
Jan Czeczot's grave in Ratnica

Jan Antoni Czeczot , Herb Ostoja (born July 24, 1796 in Maluszyczy, today Belarusian Малюшыч in Hrodsenskaja Woblasz near Nawahradak ; † August 23, 1847 in Druskininkai , today in Lithuania ) was a Polish ethnographer and writer of Polish Romanticism with Belarusian origin.

Fascinated by folklore and traditional folk songs by the founders of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania , which was part of the Polish-Lithuanian aristocratic republic , his works brought back hundreds of these melody texts. Inspired by the folk songs, he also wrote some poems in a kind of pre-modern Belarusian . He is often quoted as one of the very first Polish ethnographers and one of the pioneers of the national revival of Belarus after the country fell under Russian rule with the partitions of Poland-Lithuania .

biography

Jan Czeczot was the son of Tadeusz Czeczot and, as part of the Polish Szlachta, belonged to the wealthy Ostoja family . He attended the school of the Dominican Order in Nawahradak and studied at Vilnius University from 1816 . There he made friends with many Polish romantics, u. a. with Adam Mickiewicz , who supported Czeczot's early works. Their friendship is immortalized in the dedication to Mickiewicz's 3rd part of his famous drama Dziady . Czeczot also became managing director of Towarzystwo Filomatów , a secret student organization of the Vilnius University, which existed from 1817 to 1823 (from Greek: Philomathes , lover of wisdom), and became a friend of Ignacy Domeyko , with whom he shared his passion for Belarusian folklore . After the organization was discovered in 1823 by the Ochrana (Russian secret police), Czeczot was arrested and taken to Siberia . After his imprisonment expired in 1833, he settled in Lepel , where he worked temporarily in the canal administration until 1839.

In 1837 he was allowed his first book to be published, the Piosnki wieśniacze znad Niemna i Dźwiny, niektóre przysłowia i idiotyzmy w mowie sławiano-krewickiej for postrzeżeniem nad NIA uczynionymi ( folk songs from Memel and the Daugava River , some sayings in Slavic-krewischen words. . ) - The second edition of this collection of poems, published later in 1844, was significantly expanded and included many translations of his works, which are considered to be the forerunners of modern Belarusian .

In 1839 Czeczot was allowed to travel home to Maluszyczy. Since he could not find another job there, the writer worked for five years as a librarian in a family estate belonging to the Chrebtowicze family, who were friends with his parents' house.

Czeczot never fully recovered from his prison sentence in Siberia. In 1846 he visited the Druskininkai Spa , but the medical treatment was unsuccessful and Jan Czeczot died there a year later. He was buried in a small cemetery in the Ratnyčia district of the Lithuanian spa town of Druskininkai.

Some of his works, published in the latter part of his life, achieved great popularity. Among the lovers of his poetry was the very important Polish composer Stanisław Moniuszko , who even decided to illustrate some of Czeczot's poems with music. The best known of them is Moniuszkos Prząśniczka (The Woman on the Spider Wheel ) from his famous book of house songs for solo voice and piano (Śpiewników domowych).

Web links

Commons : Jan Czeczot  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ян Чачот. Спевы пра даўніх ліцьвінаў
  2. ↑ Z Mickiewiczem pod rękę czyli Życie i Twórczość Jana Czeczota / Stanislaw Świrko. Warsaw: 1989
  3. ↑ Z Mickiewiczem pod rękę czyli Życie i Twórczość Jana Czeczota / Stanislaw Świrko. Warsaw: 1989
  4. ↑ A. Witkowska, Rówieśnicy Mickiewicza. Życiorys jednego pokolenia, Warszawa 1962
  5. ↑ Z Mickiewiczem pod rękę czyli Życie i Twórczość Jana Czeczota / Stanislaw Świrko. Warsaw: 1989
  6. ↑ Z Mickiewiczem pod rękę czyli Życie i Twórczość Jana Czeczota / Stanislaw Świrko. Warsaw: 1989
  7. ^ Wójcicki Antoni, Cieślak Antoni, Polskie pieśni i piosenki: śpiewnik polski: [melodie i teksty], Warszawa, Wydawnictwo Polonia, 1989
  8. ↑ youtube recording Prząśniczka
personal data
SURNAME Czeczot, Jan
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Czeczot, Jan Antoni (full name); Čačot, Jan; Чачот, Ян (Belarusian); Малюшыч (Belarusian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish writer and ethnographer
DATE OF BIRTH July 24, 1796
PLACE OF BIRTH Maluszyczy
DATE OF DEATH August 23, 1847
Place of death Druskininkai