Janko Kráľ
Janko Kráľ (born April 24, 1822 in Liptovský Mikuláš , Kingdom of Hungary , today Slovakia ; † May 23, 1876 in Zlaté Moravce , Austria-Hungary ) was a Slovak romantic poet, writer of the Štúr generation , national activist and participant in the revolution of 1848/49 .
Life
Kráľ was born in the family of a host and butcher. He attended the lower schools under Liptovský and Gemer , then he studied at the Lyceums of Leutschau (1837–41), Käsmark (1841–42) and Pressburg (1842–1844). In protest against the revocation of Ľudovít Štúr at the Bratislava Lyceum, he broke off his studies and helped Mikuláš Liptovský to found the Tatrín Association .
In 1845 he started working for a law firm in Pest . During the revolution of 1848/49 he was arrested several times for inciting the Slovak people against the Magyars. After the defeat of the revolution, he worked as a government commissioner, clerk, assistant official and assessor before he was dismissed from state service in 1867. After passing the state examination, he worked as a clerk for a law firm in Zlaté Moravce until his death. He died of typhus and was buried in a mass grave. That is why there is only one empty grave at the Martin National Cemetery.
Works
His work can be classified in the Romantic era . At first he wrote in Czech, but in the 1840s he switched to Slovak. He initially wrote epic poems on historical subjects, but later switched to the Slovak oral tradition. He is known to the general public for his songs and ballads. After the revolution he wrote less often because he lived more secluded.
poetry
- Dráma sveta ("Drama of the World")
- Orol ("eagle")
- Duma bratislavská ("Bratislava poem")
- Kríž a čiapka ("Cross and Cap")
- Tri vŕšky ("Three Hills")
- Šahy (" Eipelschlag ")
- Jarná pieseň ("Spring Song ")
- Duma slovenská na pamiatku zjazdu turčiansko-sv. martinského 6. júna ("Slovak poem in memory of the meeting in Turz-St. Martin on June 6th [1861]")
and more
Ballads
- Zverbovaný ("recruited")
- Zakliata panna vo Váhu a divný Janko ( "Enchanted Virgin in the Waag and strangely Janko")
- Pán v tŕní ("Lord in the Thorn")
- Povesť ("Sage")
- Skamenelý ("Petrified")
Honors
A high school is named after him in the place where he died, Zlaté Moravce. Furthermore, a city park in Bratislava - Petržalka bears the name of Janko Kráľ.
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Král, Janko . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 13th part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1865, p. 114 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Hudák: Kráľ Janko. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 4, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1969, p. 196 f. (Direct links on p. 196 , p. 197 ).
Web links
- Janko Kráľ an osobnosti.sk (Slovak)
- Janko Kráľ at zlatyfond.sme.sk (Slovak)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Kráľ, Janko |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Kral, Janko |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Slovak writer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 24, 1822 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Liptovský Mikuláš |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 23, 1876 |
| Place of death | Zlaté Moravce |