Japanese hazel

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Japanese hazel
Illustration of the Manchurian hazel (variety Corylus Sieboldiana var.mandshurica)

Illustration for Manchurian hazel ( variety Corylus sieboldiana var. Mandshurica )

Systematics
Eurosiden I
Order : Beech-like (Fagales)
Family : Birch family (Betulaceae)
Subfamily : Hazelnut family (Coryloideae)
Genre : Hazelnuts ( corylus )
Type : Japanese hazel
Scientific name
Corylus Sieboldiana
flower

The Japanese hazel or Japanese hazelnut ( Corylus Sieboldiana ) is a shrub belonging to the birch family . The distribution area is in Japan, Korea, Manchuria and the Amur region .

description

Fruits and leaves of Corylus Sieboldiana , Jirisan , Korea.

The Japanese hazel is a 5 meter high shrub with hairy shoots. The leaves have a 1.5 to 2.5 cm long stem. The leaf blade is 5 to 10 centimeters long, obovate to oblong elliptical, long pointed with a mostly rounded base and double serrated leaf margin. The nerves are hairy. Young leaves often have a red spot in the middle. The male catkins stand alone or in groups of two to six, the male flowers have red stamens . The nuts grow in groups of two or three. They are conical, about 1.5 centimeters long and covered by a bristly shell that has grown together to form a narrow tube and has short, whole-rimmed teeth on top.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.

Distribution and location

The distribution area is in the temperate zone of Asia, in southern Siberia and in the Amur region in Russia, Mongolia, in numerous provinces of China, on the Korean peninsula and on the Japanese islands of Hokkaidō and Honshū . It grows in species-poor and cool, moist forests on dry to fresh, acidic to slightly alkaline, sandy-humic soils in sunny locations. The species loves warmth and is usually frost hardy.

Systematics

Japanese hazel ( Corylus sieboldiana ) is a kind of the genus of hazel ( Corylus ) in the family of birch family (Betulaceae). It is assigned to the Corylus section , Siphonochlamys subsection . It was first described by Carl Ludwig Blume in 1851 .

A distinction is made between several varieties , only two of which are recognized:

  • Corylus Sieboldiana var. Sieboldiana , which occurs only in Japan.
  • The Manchurian hazel ( Corylus Sieboldiana var. Mandshurica (Maxim.) CKSchneid. ) With rounded to obovate leaves, a heart-shaped base and partially lobed leaf margin. The petiole becomes about 2.5 centimeters long, the pod reaches a length of 5 centimeters and is hairy brown. The distribution area of ​​the variety is in Japan, Korea, Manchuria and in Far Eastern Asian Russia. The variety is called Corylus mandshurica Maxim. also viewed as a separate species.
  • The previously differentiated variety Corylus Sieboldiana var. Brevirostris C.K. Cutting. is now considered a synonym of the variety Corylus Sieboldiana var. Sieboldiana .

use

The Japanese hazel is only rarely used in forestry . It is used as an ornamental plant because of its fruits and also serves as a bee pasture.

proof

literature

  • Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 223.
  • Steve Cafferty: Cosmos Atlas Trees of the World . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-440-10983-0 , p. 138 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ German name after Steve Cafferty: Kosmos-Atlas trees of the world
  2. ↑ German name after Roloff et al .: Flora of the woods
  3. ↑ a b c d Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 223
  4. ^ Corylus Sieboldiana at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  5. ↑ a b Corylus Sieboldiana. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed January 29, 2012 .
  6. ^ Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Thomas S. Elias, Robert R. Mill: Corylus mandshurica . In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 4: Cycadaceae through Fagaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , pp. 288 (English).
  7. ↑ Corylus Sieboldiana var. Brevirostris. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed January 29, 2012 .
  8. ↑ Corylus Sieboldiana. In: The Plant List. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanical Garden, accessed January 29, 2012 .

Web links

Commons : Japanese Hazel ( Corylus Sieboldiana )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files