Jean-Baptiste-François-Joseph de Sade

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Jean-Baptiste-François-Joseph de Sade

Jean-Baptiste-François-Joseph de Sade (* 1702 in Avignon ; † January 24, 1767 in Montreuil ) was a French diplomat, officer, libertine , writer and nobleman from the Sade family .

Life

Jean-Baptiste-François-Joseph de Sade was the eldest of ten children of Gaspard-François de Sade and Louise-Aldonse d'Astoaud de Murs. He began his professional career as a dragoon captain in the Régiment de Condé-dragons . In February 1730 he was accepted into the London Masonic Lodge together with Montesquieu . In the same year he became the French special envoy to Russia , and in 1733 to Great Britain .

Marie-Eléonore de Maillé de Carman

In 1733 he married Marie-Eléonore de Maillé de Carman, ten years his junior, from the Condé family, a branch of the Bourbon royal family . At the same time he became the secret lover of fifteen-year-old Caroline-Charlotte von Hessen-Rheinfels-Rotenburg, Princess of Condé , who had been married to the much older Louis IV. Henri de Bourbon, prince de Condé . Their relationship lasted until 1739. From 1734 to 1735 he was wing adjutant in the War of the Polish Succession . His daughter Caroline Laure was born in 1737 and died after two years.

In 1739 his father died, whom he inherited. De Sade became count, lord of the Saumane , Mazan and Lacoste fiefs and colonel of the papal cavalry in Venaissin . He left the use of Saumane to his brother Jacques-François-Paul-Aldonce de Sade . As a count, he mainly carried the title Comte, although his father had already used the title Marquis .

In 1739 de Sade bought the office of governor of Bresse , Bugey , Valromey and Gex from the Marquis de Lassay. In 1740 he took over his most historically important office. He became the French ambassador to the Cologne court in Bonn . As such, he influenced the Elector Clemens August I of Cologne in favor of the election of Elector Karl Albrecht of Bavaria as Roman-German Emperor. Through the mediation of de Sade, Charles VII concluded an alliance with France and Spain in Nymphenburg in 1741 , which triggered the War of the Austrian Succession .

In 1740 de Sade's son Donatien-Alphonse-François de Sade was born, in 1746 his daughter Marie-Françoise, who died after a few days. In 1745 he spent 10 months in prison for allegations regarding his office as ambassador at the Cologne court in Bonn. Because of this affair and because he was strongly derogatory, but not sufficiently secretly, about Marie-Anne de Mailly-Nesle , Duchess of Châteauroux , an influential mistress of Louis XV. , had expressed, he came in bad reputation at the royal court. This disadvantage worked even later against his son Donatien-Alphonse-François de Sade. In 1760 he was field marshal in the royal army.

Sade has many affairs, mostly with women, but affairs with young men for sale have also been documented. In 1760 his wife retired to the monastery.

He wrote plays, prose, philosophical treatises, and letters. None of the 20 works have been published so far. He prevented this during his lifetime, as writing was uncommon among the nobility of his time and would have ruined his career as a diplomat. He had positive contacts with Voltaire and Montesquieu . After his death, his books were in the possession of Donatien-Alphonse-François de Sade , who studied them intensively while writing his own works.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Oeuvres complètes de Montesquieu , Vol. 19, 2014 Garnier, p. 464
  2. ↑ a b c d Gilbert Lely: Life and work of the Marquis de Sade. Albatros, 2001; P. 16
  3. ^ Maurice Lever: Marquis de Sade. Europa-Verlag, Munich 1995, pp. 42f, 52
  4. ^ A b Gilbert Lely: Life and work of the Marquis de Sade. Albatros, 2001; P. 17
  5. ^ Maurice Lever: Marquis de Sade. Europa-Verlag, Munich 1995, pp. 58-61
  6. ↑ Maurice Lever, Marquis de Sade, Europa-Verlag, 1995 Munich, p. 30ff
  7. ↑ Volker Reinhardt : De Sade or the measurement of evil. A biography. CHBeck, Munich 2014; Pp. 35-36. ISBN 978-3-406-66515-8
  8. ^ Gilbert Lely, Life and Work of the Marquis de Sade, 2001 Albatros, p. 18
  9. ^ Maurice Lever: Marquis de Sade. Europa-Verlag, Munich 1995, p. 39f

literature

  • Volker Reinhardt : De Sade or The Measurement of Evil. A biography. CH Beck, Munich 2014, pp. 28 ff., ISBN 978-3-406-66515-8
  • Gilbert Lely: Life and Work of the Marquis de Sade. Albatros, 2001.
personal data
SURNAME Sade, Jean-Baptiste-François-Joseph de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French diplomat and officer
DATE OF BIRTH 1702
PLACE OF BIRTH Avignon
DATE OF DEATH January 24, 1767
Place of death Montreuil district , Versailles