Sade (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the Sade family since Elzéar de Sade
The Marquis de Sade (around 1761)

Sade is a family of counts from Provence . In addition to their function as feudal lords (including Mazan , Saumane , and from 1627 also La Coste ), the members of the family held numerous positions in the high nobility and high clergy of France, for example bishop, abbot or judge. A continuous trunk line exists from the Raimond de Sade.

history

The name has been attested in Avignon since the 12th century , among others in the variants Sado, Sadone, Sazo, Sauza.

Louis de Sade built the Saint-Bénézet bridge in Avignon in 1177 . The elder Paul de Sade received Pope John XXII in 1316 . on his arrival in exile in Avignon. Hugues III. de Sade was a councilor in Avignon in 1373.

The elder Jean de Sade was advisor to Ludwig II of Anjou , doctor of law , 1406 chief justice of Provence . Jean was ennobled in the 15th century , making the entire family noble from then on. The oldest Elzéar de Sade was a squire and cupbearer of Pope Benedict XIII. Emperor Sigismund honored him for the services of his house with the permission to use the imperial double-headed eagle in his family coat of arms. The younger Jean de Sade was First President of the Audit Office and keeper of the Reich Seal . Joachim the Younger was heir to Joachim the Elder, so that Saumane fell to his line.

Jean-Baptiste de Sade was colonel in the papal cavalry in Venaissin . The office was inherited up to Jean-Baptiste-François-Joseph de Sade. Gaspard-François de Sade, bailiff of the city of Avignon, was the first de Sade to use the title of marquis .

Donatien-Alphonse-François de Sade (1740–1814), best known (and most notorious) of the Sade family as the “Marquis de Sade”, was an activist of the French Revolution . He wrote books in which he an atheist , materialist , revolutionary and amoral Enlightenment - Philosophy with sadistic pornography mixed; his life corresponded to his writings, which is why he was arrested and sentenced several times. After Napoleon came to power , the unpopular was taken to a lunatic asylum in Charenton in 1801, which he never left alive.

While four generations of his descendants tried to keep Donatien-Alphonse-François de Sade silent, Xavier Henri Marie de Sade first opened the family archive to researchers, including Gilbert Lély and Maurice Lever , took on the title of Marquis again and tried to put his family name on wine bottles market. 1814–1983 the family owned the Condé Castle .

Tribe list

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Raimond de Sade.

Paul de Sade (grandson of the upper 14th century)
Hugues II. De Sade a) ⚭ 1325 Laura de Noves (1310-1348).
3. Paul de Sade († 1433)
Audebert de Sade
Hugues III. de Sade (14th century, also Hugonin or Hugues the Younger)
1. Jean de Sade
2. Elzéar de Sade
Girard de Sade
1. Etienne de Sade
Guillaume de Sade
Gabrielle de Sade ⚭ around 1550 Jacques de Beaune de Samblançay
Charlotte de Beaune (16th century)
2. Balthazar de Sade (tribe of the line of the Lords of Eyguières , which died out in 1846 with Xavier de Sade)
4. Pierre de Sade ⚭ 1493 Baptistine de Forbin (widow of Raimond de Glandèves, Seneschal of Provence)
Joachim (the Younger) de Sade († 1538)
1. François (died as a child)
2. Jean de Sade (born November 8, 1522).
Balthazar de Sade ⚭ 1600 Diane de Baroncelli-Javon
1. Jean-Baptiste de Sade († 1687) ⚭ 1627 Diane de Simiane, Dame de la Coste
1. Côme de Sade ⚭ 1669 Elisabeth Louet de Nogaret de Calvisson
1. Gaspard-François de Sade († 1739) ⚭ 1699 Louise-Aldonse d'Astoaud de Murs
1. Jean-Baptiste-François-Joseph de Sade (1702 - January 24, 1767) ⚭ 1733 Marie-Eléonore de Maillé de Carman (* 1712)
1. Caroline-Laure de Sade (1737–1739)
2. Donatien-Alphonse-François de Sade (1740–1814) ⚭ 1763 Renée Pélagie de Montreuil
1. Louis-Marie de Sade (August 27, 1767 - June 9, 1809)
2. Donatien-Claude-Armand de Sade, (June 27, 1769 - May 10, 1847) ⚭ Louise-Gabrielle-Laure de Sade (born June 6, 1772, from the line of Balthazar, see above).
1. René de Sade (July 27, 1809-1820)
2. Laure-Emilie de Sade (November 16, 1810 - April 25, 1875) ⚭ October 13, 1840 Gaston de Graindorge d'Orgeville, Baron du Mesnil-Durand.
3. Alphonse-Ignace de Sade (June 16, 1812 - 1890) ⚭ Anne-Henriette de Cholet (July 16, 1817 - March 18, 1895)
1. Henriette Marie Laure de Sade (April 9, 1843 - November 7, 1893)
2. Hugues-Louis-Charles de Sade (August 2, 1845 - December 9, 1925) ⚭ August 25, 1877 Marie-Augustine (or Marguerite) Janson de Couet (January 17, 1856 - 1915)
1. Edith Laure Marie de Sade (May 5, 1878 - April 20, 1882)
2. Yvonne Henriette Marie de Sade (born July 5, 1880 - October 7, 1963)
1. Sigrid Adelheid Marie de Sade (born July 24, 1936 - August 22, 2000)
3. Elzear Victor Marie de Sade (February 27, 1885 - October 30, 1914)
4. Bernard Georges Marie de Sade (April 7, 1891 - December 23, 1933) ⚭ October 22, 1917 Jeanne de Sarrazin (January 5, 1893 - February 22, 1987)
1. Gilberte de Sade (March 28, 1920 - December 23, 1933)
2. Elzear de Sade (1921 - December 23, 1933)
3. Xavier Henri Marie de Sade ⚭ Rose-Marie Meslay
Thibault de Sade
3. Laure-Marie-Charlotte de Sade (1859–1936) ⚭ February 6, 1879 Adhéaume, Comte de Chévigné
1. Marie-Thérèse de Chévigné ⚭ Maurice Bischoffsheim
1. Marie-Laure Bischoffsheim (October 31, 1902 - January 29, 1970) ⚭ Charles, Viscount de Noailles
4. Gabrielle Pelagie Mathilde de Sade (September 4, 1814 - April 29, 1875)
5. Auguste de Sade (October 9, 1815 - May 10, 1868) ⚭ Charlotte Germaine de Maussion (1818–1876)
1. Valentine de Sade (1847 - September 18, 1922)
2. Laure de Sade (May 31, 1859 - October 15, 1936) ⚭ Adheaume de Chevigne (1847–1911)
3. Madeleine Laure de Sade (April 17, 1771 - January 18, 1844)
3. Marie-Françoise (1746–1746)
2. Richard-Jean-Louis de Sade (* 1703)
3. Jacques-François-Paul-Aldonce de Sade , known as the Abbé de Sade (1705–1778)
4. Jean-Baptiste-Henri-Victor de Sade
5. Antoine-Félix-Toussaint de Sade (died as an infant)
6. Gabrielle-Laure de Sade (* 1700)
7. Anne-Marie-Lucrèce de Sade (* 1702)
8. Gabrielle-Eléonore de Sade
9. Marguerite-Félicité de Sade
10. Henriette-Victoire de Sade ⚭ 1733 Ignaz, Marquis de Villeneuve
1. Mme. De Raousset
2. Julie
3. Henriette de Martignan
Jean-Baptiste de Sade
Joseph-Marie de Sade († 1700)
Jean-Louis de Sade
3. Richard de Sade
4. Jean-Baptiste de Sade (July 14, 1633 - December 19, 1707)
2. Richard de Sade († 1663)
3. Catherine de Sade
Pierre de Sade
Jacques de Sade
Joannet de Sade
Philippe de Sade
Augière de Sade ⚭ Bertrand Milsondi
Discretionary de Sade
Marguerite de Sade
Garsende, or Garsenète de Sade, married three times
b) ⚭ 1348 Verdaine de Trentelivres
1. Baudet de Sade (tribe of the branch line of the lords of Saumane , who died out in the 16th century with Joachim (the elder) de Sade)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Lély: Life and work of the Marquis de Sade. 2001, pp. 7-13.
  2. ↑ Lever: Marquis de Sade: the biography. 1995, p. 14.
  3. ↑ a b Lever: Marquis de Sade: the biography. 1995, p. 11.
  4. ^ Howard G. Goldberg: Can a Champagne Redeem de Sade? In: New York Times. January 18, 1989.
  5. ↑ Lély: Life and Work of the Marquis de Sade. 2001, p. 18ff.
  6. ↑ Lély: Life and Work of the Marquis de Sade. 2001, p. 17.