Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux
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Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux (born May 11, 1827 in Valenciennes , † October 12, 1875 in Courbevoie near Paris) was a French sculptor .
Live and act
After finishing school, Carpeaux financed his living for some time by making models and clichés for the art industry. Only later did he attend the École nationale supérieure des beaux-arts de Paris . There he was a student of the sculptors Francisque Joseph Duret and François Rude . In 1854 Carpeaux was awarded the Prix de Rome at an exhibition at the Académie Française .
Associated with the award was a generous travel grant that enabled Carpeaux to travel through Italy and a longer stay in Rome . In addition to studying the ancient masters, he was also interested in "modern art". One of his most important works on this trip is the "Neapolitan fisherman's boy". With his bust "La Palombella" (a young Sabine woman), which was completed a short time later, Carpeaux had found his own style and stepped out of the shadow of his teachers.
On the occasion of an exhibition in Valenciennes ( Département Nord) Carpeaux presented the bust of the Laughing Girl to the public and went back to Rome. There he created the group of Ugolino, surrounded by his four sons and grandchildren, based on models by Dante Alighieri . With this large sculpture, Carpeaux remained stuck to naturalism on the one hand , and on the other hand seemed to contradict the laws of sculpture.
In 1862 Carpeaux returned to France and settled in Paris. He founded a studio and one of the first works there was "Bust of Princess Mathilde" (1863) and "The Girl with the Shell" (1864). With his "statue of the imperial prince" he drew the court's attention and he was commissioned to decorate the Louvre's Flora pavilion .
His main work, La Danse on the facade of the ground floor of the New Opera in Paris, in which exuberant joie de vivre, dramatic power, but also wild opulence are expressed, triggered a violent polemic that was influenced by all the regime of Emperor Napoleon III. hostile elements was fed. This masterpiece is distinguished by an extremely lively rendering of the gestures and a keen sense of detail. An attack carried out on the night of August 27-28, 1869, was viewed as a consequence of this dispute. An outraged citizen threw an inkwell at the plastic. However, the stains could be removed.
On October 12, 1875, Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux succumbed to cancer . He died in his home in Courbevoie and found his final resting place on the Cimetière Saint-Roche in his hometown.
Honors
- 1866 Knight of the Legion of Honor
Student (selection)
- Jules Dalou (1838-1902)
- Jean-Louis Forain (1852-1931)
- Olin Levi Wagner (1844-1896)
Works (selection)
- Neapolitan fisherman boy
- La Palombella (bust)
- Laughing girl (bust)
- Group of Ugolino (bronze cast) surrounded by his four sons and grandchildren , Paris, ( Jardin des Tuileries )
- Princess Mathilde (1863, bust)
- The Girl with the Shell (1864)
- Statue of the Imperial Prince
- The fountain of the four parts of the world ( Jardin du Luxembourg )
- The statue of Antoine Watteau
- The bust of Alexandre Dumas the Younger
- The portrait bust of Eugenie Fiocre (1869).
literature
- James D. Draper (Ed.): The passions of Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux . MMA, New York 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-20431-5 (catalog of the exhibition of the same name, Metropolitan Museum of Art , March 10 to May 26, 2014).
- Emmanuelle Grugerolles (Ed.): Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux. Designer . Beaux-Arts de Paris, Paris 2012, ISBN 978-2-84056-376-1 (also catalog of the exhibition of the same name, École nationale supérieure des beaux-arts de Paris , November 15, 2012 to February 9, 2012)
- Ernest Chesneau: Le statuaire Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux. Sa vie et son œuvre . Quantrin, Paris 1880.
- Dirk Kocks: Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux. Reception and originality (Cologne research on art and antiquity; Vol. 3). Richarz-Verlag, Sankt Augustin 1981, ISBN 3-88345-402-8 (plus habilitation thesis, University of Cologne 1981)
- Michel Poletti: Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux. L'homme qui faisait danser les pierres . Édition Gourcuff Gradenigo, Montreuil 2012, ISBN 978-2-35340-142-0 .
- Anne M. Wagner: Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux. The dance. Art, Sexuality and Politics (Kunststück series). Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt / M. 1989, ISBN 978-3-596-23961-0 .
Web links
Louvre Paris
- Pêcheur à la coquille Modèle original , plâtre H.: 0.91 m. ; L.: 0.47 m. ; Pr.: 0.54 m.
- Flore 1875 Terre cuite H.: 1.37 m. ; L.: 1.80 m. ; Pr .: 0.79 m.
- L'Agriculture et la Science Plâtre H.: 0.25 m. ; L.: 0.38 m. ; Pr .: 0.18 m.
- Insecula: Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux
- Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux , Alexandra Matzner on the sculptor of the Second Empire
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Carpeaux, Jean-Baptiste |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French sculptor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 11, 1827 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Valenciennes |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 12, 1875 |
| Place of death | Courbevoie near Paris |