Jean-Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval
Jean-Baptiste Vaquette, vicomte de Gribeauval (born September 15, 1715 in Amiens , † May 9, 1789 in Paris ) was a French engineer and artillery officer who was best known for the construction of the Gribeauval gun carriage that was used in the Napoleonic Wars played a big role.
Gribeauval joined the artillery in 1732 , became a captain in the mine corps in 1752, and then a lieutenant colonel in 1757 . Soon afterwards he entered the Austrian service as general and commander of the artillery and miner corps.
Before Glatz in 1760, he led the siege work under General Harsch . In 1762, as Austrian major general under Feldzeugmeister Guasco , he defended the Schweidnitz fortress against Prussian troops, which were initially commanded by the engineer major Lefebvre, where he found the opportunity to use his system of miniature art. Maria Theresa promoted him to field marshal lieutenant . After Frederick the Great took over the direct management of the siege work, the siege led to the surrender of the fortress.
After peace was concluded, Gribeauval returned to France as Maréchal de camp of the artillery, was Inspecteur général of the artillery, 1765 Lieutenant General , after Louis XVI. Accession to the throne Governor of the great arsenal.
Gribeauval made many contributions to artillery and fortifications : The mount system he developed bore his name (→ Gribeauval mount ). These mounts, which were uniformly designed for howitzers and cannons of all calibres, were not only robust, but also easy to repair. Although this gun system was initially abandoned in 1772 due to unilateral attempts, it was reintroduced in 1774 and remained in service until the middle of the 19th century. It formed the basis for the superiority of the French artillery in the coalition wars. In 1803 it received some changes. Gribeauval also invented the wall mount and the high frame mount in 1749 .
literature
- Philibert-Jérôme Gaucher de Passac: Précis sur M. de Gribeauval, premier inspecteur de l'artillerie de France. Les Marchands de Nouveautés, Paris 1816.
- Wilhelm Edler von Janko : Gribeauval, Jean Baptiste Vaquette de . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 9, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1879, p. 651 f.
Web links
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Vaquette de Gribeauval, Jean-Baptiste |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Vaquette, Jean-Baptiste; Gribeauval, Jean-Baptiste Vaquette vicomte de (full name) |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French engineer and artillery general |
DATE OF BIRTH | September 15, 1715 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Amiens |
DATE OF DEATH | May 9, 1789 |
Place of death | Paris |