Jean Bart (ship, 1911)

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Jean Bart
Jean Bart Cuirasse 1913.png
Ship data
flag FranceFrance (national flag of the sea) France
other ship names
  • Océan
Ship type Large-line ship
class Courbet class
Shipyard Arsenal de Brest, Brest
Keel laying October 15, 1910
Launch September 22, 1911
Commissioning June 15, 1913
Whereabouts Sunk on August 7, 1944
Ship dimensions and crew
length
168.0 m ( Lüa )
164.9 m ( KWL )
width 27.9 m
Draft Max. 9.0 m
displacement Construction: 25,000  ts
Maximum: 26,000 ts
 
crew 1,085 to 1,108 men
Machine system
machine 24 Niclausse steam boilers
4 Parsons turbines
1 rudder
Machine
performance 		28,000 PS (20,594 kW)
Top
speed 		21.7 kn (40 km / h)
propeller 4 three-leaf
Armament
Armor
  • Belt: 180-270 mm
  • Citadel: 180 mm
  • Upper deck: 30û40 mm
  • Battery cover: 12 mm
  • upper armored deck : 45 mm
  • lower armored deck: 40 mm (embankments: 70 mm)
  • Command tower: 270-300 mm
  • Barbettes : 280 mm
  • Towers : 100–290 mm
  • Casemate : 180 mm

The Jean Bart was a French large-line ship of the Courbet class . It was named after the Flemish privateer Jean Bart . She was laid down on October 5, 1910 and launched on September 22, 1911. The Jean Bart was finally completed on July 15, 1913.

First World War

The Jean Bart spent almost the entire time of the First World War in the Adriatic . At the beginning of the war, the ship belonged to a combat unit that consisted of French ships and a squadron of the Royal Navy . On August 16, 1914, the Jean Bart was present in the naval battle off Castellastua, during which the small cruiser of the kuk Kriegsmarine SMS Zenta sank. Until the end of the year, Jean Bart had the task of transporting ammunition for the Montenegrin army . On December 12, 1914, the ship received a torpedo hit, fired by the Austro-Hungarian submarine SM U-12 , which hit Jean Bart just outside the ammunition chamber. The ship was badly damaged, but ran under its own power to Malta .

After a long lay in the shipyard, the Jean Bart stayed in the Mediterranean and secured convoys to the Greek islands.

Interwar period

In April 1919, the ship was present at the shelling of the Sevastopol fortress . During the fighting there was a mutiny of the teams, but this was suppressed. In 1920 the Jean Bart returned to Toulon and was partially equipped with new armament in a shipyard. At the beginning of the 1930s, the ship was canceled as a combat unit and converted into a training ship in 1937. In the port of Toulon she served as a stationary training ship. She was also in Océan renamed to the name Jean Bart for the new battleship of the Richelieu class to have free.

Second World War

1942 fell Océan in Saint-Mandrier-sur-Mer the army 's hands. The Germans used the Hulk as a target ship for shaped charge warheads. On March 7, 1944, the Océan sank after an air raid by the Royal Air Force . In December 1945 she was sold for demolition and broken up in Toulon in 1946/47.

literature

  • Breyer, Siegfried: Battleships and battle cruisers 1905–1970 . JF Lehmanns Verlag, Munich 1970, ISBN 3-88199-474-2 , p. 439-443 .
  • Whitley, Mike J: Battleships of World War II. Classes - construction data - technology . Motorbuch Verlag, 2003, ISBN 3-613-02289-3 .
  • Erich Gröner , Dieter Jung, Martin Maass: The German warships 1815–1945, Vol. 5 Auxiliary ships II: Hospital ships, accommodation ships, training ships, research vehicles , port operations vehicles , Bernard & Graefe Verlag, Koblenz 1988, ISBN 3-7637-4804-0 .
  • Robert Gardiner / Roger Chesneau: Conway's All the world's fighting ships 1922-1946 , Conway Maritime Press, London 1980, ISBN 0-8317-0303-2 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gröner, p. 133, Gardiner, p. 257