Jean De Latre

Jean de Latre (also Joannes Petit de Latre ; * around 1505 in Flanders ; † August 31, 1569 in Utrecht ) was a Franco-Flemish composer , singer and conductor of the Renaissance .

Live and act

A Dutch chanson by Petit Jean De Latre, taken from the anthology Dat ierste boeck vanden Niewe Duytsche Liedekens , published by Jacob Baethen, Maastricht 1554

No information has been passed on about Jean de Latre's youth and training. For the first time his name appears in the lists of the collegiate monastery Saint-Jean l'Evangeliste in Liège for the years 1538 and 1539 as a singing master ( maître de chant ). Because the lists before and after these years are lost, it is possible that he worked there before 1538 and after 1539. In November 1544 he succeeded Adam Lauri as succentor at the Church of St. Martin in Liège and led the chapel of the church with skill and success for almost 20 years. But he often had disputes with the cathedral chapter of this church because he had temporarily neglected the choirboys and had run into debt. De Latre was married and had several children, including two sons named duodeni in the register of St. Martin's monasteries , the first from 1546 to 1552, the other from 1556 to 1562. His pupils included Johannes Mangon and Gerard de Villers .

Also from 1544 De Latre worked as Kapellmeister of the Liège prince-bishop George of Austria , a humanist -minded music lover. Here he benefited from important contacts with other artists such as Lambert Lombard (1506–1566) and Franciscus Florius (1516–1570) and with other important people in the vicinity of the bishop. The early death of the bishop in 1557 robbed him of an excellent office and a benevolent employer, to whom he had dedicated a collection of chansons in 1552 . The obligations in this position probably led to the neglect of his duties to St. Martin, whose chapter threatened him with dismissal on November 23; he is nevertheless listed in the lists from October 1555 to May 1562. Through the mediation of the aforementioned patrons, the composer got the office of archimusicus of the choir in Amersfoort in 1563 , but returned to the chapel of St. Martin in Liège at the end of 1564. Here he was dismissed by the dean of the monastery on October 7, 1565 because of his frequent financial problems. He turned to Utrecht in December of that year and was initially a guest of the chapter of St. John's Church (Janskerk). Then he got a double job as a schoolmester and sangmester at the parish church of St. Marie ( Buurkerk ) near the town hall. According to the inscription on his tombstone in this church, on which he was called Johanni Petit de Latre, musicus excellentissimus , the composer died on August 31, 1569 in Utrecht.

meaning

The works of Jean de Latre were initially published with those of well-known composers in many collective works (in the Netherlands between 1547 and 1564, in Germany between 1561 and 1564); there were also three collective prints with works by him only. Few pieces were reprinted up to 1660. In the style of his chansons, De Latre leaned on the chansons of Thomas Crécquillon , Claudin de Sermisy , Jacobus Clemens non Papa and Jean Courtois ; three of the chansons have also appeared in lute tabs . His motets are characterized by a smooth melody and careful text accentuation. Its 19 lamentations , which were printed in Maastricht in 1554 , express the burden of the Inquisition from which the people of Liège suffered; here the composer showed a remarkable mastery of contrapuntal art and at the same time the typical Italian search for the appropriate expression of the biblical word. Some passages of his sacred works show a strict and dense imitative style, as in Nicolas Gombert and Clemens non Papa, in other parts vertical typesetting with short imitative passages dominates. De Latre's polyphonic style represents a transition from Josquin's Franco-Flemish tradition to the homophonic tendencies of the humanists.

Works

• measure up
  • Missa benedictus (only soprano preserved)
  • Missa "Faulte d'argent" (only soprano preserved)
• Lamentations
  • 19 lamentations of three to six voices
• Motets
  • “Beata es virgo maria, quae dominum portasti” with five voices
  • “Clamentium ad te Deus”, “Tribulationem” with four voices
  • “Deus noster refugium et virtus”, “Pauper sum ego” with five votes
  • “Extraneus factus sum” with five votes
  • “Georgi matyr inclite te decet laus et gloria” to five votes
  • “In te, domine, speravi, non confundar in aeternum” with four votes
  • "Jesu Christe fili" with six votes
  • "Justum deduxit dominus" with four voices (partly attributed to Créquillon)
  • “O domine adjuva” to four votes
  • “Peccavi super numerum” with four voices
  • “Qualis est dilecta mea” to six votes
  • “Si oblitus fuero mi Jherusalem” to four votes
  • 1 further unspecified motet
• French chansons
  • “Amoureulx suis quand je bois d'ung souvenir, Fricassée sur le dessus de mon povre ceur” with four voices
  • “A tort soeuffre en attendant plus grand contentement” to four votes
  • “A tort soeuffre tant de peine et martire, veu qu'en” with four voices
  • “Auprés de vous secretement demeure mon povre ceur” with three votes
  • “Avant l'aymer, je l'ay voulu cognoistre, l'ayant” with four voices
  • “Belle donnez moy ung regard” to five votes
  • “Blancq et clairet sont les couleurs de ce bon vin” with four voices
  • “Cessés, mes yeulx, de plus dormir ne voir” for four voices
  • “Comme la rose se perd en peu d'espace, ainsi le” with four voices
  • "Comment, mes yeulx, auriés-vous bien promis ce" to four votes
  • “De toutes Magrietes qu'on vist jamais en terre” to four voices
  • “De varier n'en est plus mention, c'est ung arest” to four voices
  • “Dieu me fault-il tant de mal supporter” to three votes
  • “Dieu sçait pourquoy souspire et lamente et si” with four voices
  • “Doeul et melancoly, ce sont mes biens mondains” with four voices
  • “Donne me fut des cieulx a ma naissance” to four voices
  • “Donnés secours, ma doulce ayme” with four voices
  • “Elle a bien ce riz gracieux” to six voices
  • "En attendant" to four votes
  • “En attendant la mort” to five votes
  • "En attendant le confort de mamye, le ceur my" with four voices (partly attributed to Crécquillon)
  • “En regardant vostre excellent visaige” to five votes
  • “Espoir sans fin me maine en desespoir, ung doulx” with four voices
  • “Ingrate ne doibz estre et aussi ne le veulx estre” to four voices
  • “Ja ne mourez, mon cher amant” to four votes
  • “J'attends la fin, que l'amour commencée entre nous” with four voices
  • “J'attends secours de ma seulle pensée, j'attens le” to four voices
  • “J'ay ung refus en lieu de mon salaire, qui d'une” with four voices
  • “Je l'ay perdu en peu de temps” to four voices
  • “La jeune dame ayant noble coraige, doibt reverer” to four voices
  • “Le ceur, l'esprit avecque mon desir, ils sont à vous” with four voices
  • “L'heur me viendra que par vous” with three voices
  • “Lucresse ung jour” to five voices
  • "Malheur m'est today et bien sur tous biens desirable" to four votes
  • “Meschant amour” with five votes
  • “O bon vouloir parfaict et aymable, qui est le port” with four voices
  • “O coeur haultain” with six votes
  • “O envieulx, qui de mon infortune te resjouys” to four voices
  • “O triste adieu, qui you tout m'est contraire, car je” to four voices
  • “Pour obtenir bon loz honneur” with six votes
  • “Pourquoy en amour mon ceur changeroie, piusque” with four voices
  • “Prenez plaisir” to five votes
  • “Quand au vouloir, J'espere fermement estre parfaict” with four voices
  • “Qui veult du tout service perdre” to three voices
  • “Qui veult son ceur en dieu d'amour offrir, pour” for four voices
  • “Resveille-toy, coeur gracieux, tu n'as pas cause” with four votes
  • “Secourez moy damoyselles” with five votes
  • “Si j'ay voulu de moy tant presumer, d'aymer si” with four voices
  • “Si n'ay secours” to four voices
  • “Soyons joyeulx” with three votes
  • “Sur la rousee” to six voices
  • “Tout a part” to five votes
  • “Ung doulx regard la belle me donna, donnant son oeil” to four voices
  • “Vivray-je toujours en telle peine” (“Sans plourer et gemir”) with four voices
  • "Vivre ne puis sur terre, car mort suys à demi" with four voices (partly wrongly attributed to Antonio Galli)
  • "Vivre ne puis sur terre, car mort suis à demi" with six voices (partly wrongly attributed to Antonio Galli)
• Dutch chansons
  • "Alle myn gepeys" (number of votes unknown)
  • “Al hadden wy vijven veertlich bedden” to four votes
  • “Compt musiciens” with six voices
  • "Een meisken fier" to eight votes
  • “Gelijk de roos in 't kort druipt van de struyken”, “Bewachtende' t gezont zijn van mijn leven” to four votes
  • “Het viel ein hemels fotografwe” to four votes
  • "Hoe soud ick can be saved" to five votes
  • “Lustich amoureuse gheesten” to four votes
  • “Moet ic om u schoon monxken roet” to four voices
  • "Schoon ran" to five votes
  • "Supplicamus keeps ons wyn" (number of votes unknown)
  • “Weest nu verblyt” to seven voices
  • "Weest nu Verhuecht" (number of votes unknown)
• Chansons in lute tablature
  • "O envieulx qui de mon infortune"
  • "Vivray-je toujours en soucis"
• Stage works based on texts by Grégoire de Hollogne, Anvers 1556; Music (including choirs and other things) not received
  • Tragedy de Saint-Laurent
  • Tragedy de Saint-Lambert
  • Tragédie de Sainte-Catherine

Literature (selection)

• A. Auda: La musique et les musiciens de l'ancien pays de Liège , Liège 1930
• Fr. Lesure: Petit Jehan de Lattre († 1569) and Claude Petit Jehan († 1589). In: Festschrift LB Lenaerts, edited by J. Robijns and others, Löwen 1969, page 155 and following
• J. Quitin: La Musique au Pays de Liège sous le règne de Georges d'Autriche (1544–1557). In: Congress report of the 40th session of the Fédération archéologique et historique de Belgique Liège 1968, edited by J. Pieyns, Liège 1969, pp. 293–299
• The same: Deux Chansons de Petit Jean de Latre (1510–1569). In: Bulletin français de la Société internationale de musique No. 3, 1973, page 12 and following
• The same: A propos de trois musiciens liégeois du XVIe siècle: Petit Jean de Latre, Johannes Mangon et Mathieu de Sayve. In: Festschrift KG Fellerer, edited by H. Hüschen, Cologne 1973, pages 451–462
• P. Ilgen: Petit Jean de Latre († 1569). To a found sheet music in the Gaesdonck monastery library. In: Gaesdoncker Blätter No. 34, 1981
• J. Quitin (editor): Les Musiciens de Saint-Jean l'Evangéliste à Liège, de Johannes Ciconia à Monsieur Babou , Liège 1982
• The same: Regards sur la maîtrise de l'ancienne collégiale Saint-Martin. In: Saint-Martin, Mémoire de Liège, Lüttich 1990, page 222 and following
• H. Vanhulst: Le Manuscrit 41 des archives communales de Bruges. In: Le Concert des voix et des instruments, edited by JM Vaccato, Paris 1995, pages 231–242
• HB Lincoln: The Latin Motet: Indexes to Printed Collections, 1500–1600 , Ottawa 1998

Web links

• Works by and about Jean De Latre in the catalog of the German National Library
• Sheet music in the public domain by Jean De Latre in the Choral Public Domain Library - ChoralWiki (English)
• Jean de Latre in the Dutch online encyclopedia ENCYCLO.NL

swell

1. ↑ The Music in Past and Present (MGG), Person Part Volume 5, Bärenreiter and Metzler, Kassel and Basel 2001, ISBN 3-7618-1115-2
2. ↑ Marc Honegger, Günther Massenkeil (ed.): The great lexicon of music. Volume 2: C - Elmendorff. Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau a. a. 1979, ISBN 3-451-18052-9 .
3. ^ The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians , edited by Stanley Sadie, 2nd Edition, Volume 7, McMillan, London 2001, ISBN 0-333-60800-3