Jean Dubois (linguist)

Jean Dubois (born August 17, 1920 in Paris ; † April 15, 2015 ) was a French linguist , Frenchist , grammarian and lexicographer.

life and work

Dubois attended in Paris the Collège Stanislas and studied at the Sorbonne the tray Lettres classiques . He passed the Agrégation de grammaire in 1945 and was a high school teacher in Le Havre , Chartres , Savigny-sur-Orge and Paris ( Lycée Voltaire and Lycée Montaigne ). From 1960 to 1963 he was released for research. He completed his habilitation in March 1963 at the Sorbonne with the two writings Le vocabulaire politique et social en France de 1869 à 1872 à travers les oeuvres des écrivains, les revues et les journaux (Paris, Larousse, 1962) and Étude sur la dérivation suffixale en français modern et contemporain. Essai d'interprétation des mouvements observés dans le domaine de la morphologie des mots construits (Paris, Larousse, 1962) and taught at the University of Tours until 1966 , then at the University of Paris-Nanterre (from 1968 to 1986 as a full professor of French) .

In close cooperation with the publisher Éditions Larousse , where his brother Claude Dubois (* 1924; † July 8, 2012) was editor-in-chief of the dictionaries and encyclopedias department until 1985, Jean Dubois created a series of linguistically and didactically innovative dictionaries between 1960 and 1980, which were ahead of their time and therefore could only achieve moderate market success and were later forgotten due to a lack of computerization . Accompanying this, in 1971 he presented Claude Dubois, one of the first introductions to dictionary research.

In addition, Dubois published a number of structural (and transformational) grammars of French in the sixties, which were received worldwide and made him one of the best-known French representatives of structuralism and modern linguistics in general. As a forum for modern research, he founded the journals Langages (1966) and Langue française (1969, with Jean-Claude Chevalier ) at Larousse Verlag .

Up until old age, Jean Dubois worked with Françoise Dubois-Charlier on linguistically conceived digital dictionaries, the analysis and use of which was the subject of a workshop on July 1, 2014 at the University of Aix-Marseille . Available : Les verbes français (LVF): 25 609 entries; Locutions verbales (LOCV): 3 510 entries; Locutions en français (LEF): 7 500 entries; Dictionnaire des suffixes en français (DSF): 8 593 entries (609 suffixes); Composition et prefixation en français (CPF): 65,536 entries (671 prefixes); Dictionnaire Electronique des mots (DEM): 144,000 entries.

Numerous linguists received their doctorates or habilitation from Jean Dubois (including Yvette Galet, Michel Galmiche, Jacqueline Giry-Schneider, Maurice Gross , Claude Gruaz, Blanche Grunig, Louis Guespin, Danielle Leeman, Jean-Baptiste Marcellesi, Frank Marchand, Serge Meleuc, Annie Monnerie-Goarin, Christian Nique, Anne-Marie Pelletier, Josette Rey-Debove , Françoise Robert, Denis Slakta, Jean-Pierre Sueur, Joseph Sumpf).

Other works

Dictionaries and dictionary research

• (with René Lagane) Dictionnaire de la langue française classique , Paris, Belin, 1960.
  • Dictionnaire du français classique , Paris, Larousse, 1971, 1988, 2001.
• (with Albert Dauzat and Henri Mitterand ) Nouveau dictionnaire étymologique et historique , Paris, Larousse, 1964, 1981, 1991, 1993, 2001.
  • Dictionnaire étymologique et historique du français , Paris, Larousse, 2005.
• (with René Lagane, Georges Niobey, Didier Casalis, Jacqueline Casalis and Henri Meschonnic ) Dictionnaire du français contemporain , Paris, Larousse, 1967 (early code: DFC).
  • Dictionnaire du français contemporain illustré (DFC), Paris, Larousse, 1980.
  • Petit dictionnaire de la langue française , Paris, Larousse 1988.
• (with Claude Dubois) Introduction à la lexicographie. Le dictionnaire , Paris, Larousse, 1971.
• (with others) Dictionnaire de linguistique , Paris, Larousse, 1973, 1994 (Italian, Bologna 1979; Spanish, Madrid 1979, 1983, 1998; Portuguese, São Paulo 2001).
  • Linguistique & sciences du langage. Grand dictionnaire , Paris, Larousse, 2001, 2007.
• (Ed.) Lexis. Dictionnaire de la langue française , Paris, Larousse, 1975.
  • (Ed.) Lexis. Larousse de la langue française , Paris, Larousse, 1979, 2002.
  • (Ed.) Le Lexis. Le dictionnaire érudit de la langue française , Paris, Larousse, 2014.
• (with Françoise Dubois-Charlier) Dictionnaire du français langue étrangère , 2 vols., Paris, Larousse, 1978–1979; Frankfurt am Main, Diesterweg, 1983.
• (with others) Dictionnaire du français au collège , Paris, Larousse, 1986 (fully alphabetized version by DFC 1980).
• (with others) Dictionnaire de poche de la langue française , Paris, Hachette, 1993.
• (with Françoise Dubois-Charlier) Dictionnaire électronique des verbes français (LVF), 2013 ( [1] ).
• (with Françoise Dubois-Charlier) Dictionnaire électronique des mots français (DEM), 2010.

Grammar and word formation

• Grammaire structurale. Nom et pronom , Paris, Larousse, 1965.
• Grammaire structurale. Le verbe , Paris, Larousse, 1965.
• Grammaire structurale. La phrase et les transformations , Paris, Larousse, 1969.
• (with Françoise Dubois-Charlier) Eléments de linguistique française , Paris, Larousse, 1970.
• (with René Lagane) La nouvelle grammaire du français , Paris, Larousse, 1973, 1988.
• Grammaire de base , Paris, Larousse, 1976.
• (with Françoise Dubois-Charlier) Larousse de l'orthographe , Paris, Larousse, 1982, 1994.
• (with Françoise Dubois-Charlier) Les verbes français , Paris, Larousse, 1997.
• (with Françoise Dubois-Charlier) La dérivation suffixale , Paris, Nathan, 1999.
• (with Françoise Dubois-Charlier) Le nombre en français , Paris, EME, 2015.

Psycholinguistics

• (with Henry Hécaen) La naissance de la neuropsychologie du langage 1825-1865. Textes et documents , Paris, Flammarion, 1969.

literature

• Lexique, syntaxe et analyze automatique des text. Homage to Jean Dubois , ed. by Danielle Leeman and Serge Meleuc, Nanterre, Université Paris X-Nanterre, 1996 ( LINX 34-35).
• Empiricism, theory, exploitation. Le travail de Jean Dubois sur les verbes français , ed. by Danielle Leeman and Paul Sabatier († 1913), in: Langages 179–180, 2010.
• Le Monde April 23, 2015
• Franz Josef Hausmann , “What is and what is a learning dictionary? Dictionnaire du français contemporain compared to the Petit Robert ”, in: Journal for French Language and Literature 84, 1974, pp. 97–129.

Web links

• Literature by and about Jean Dubois in the SUDOC catalog (Association of French University Libraries)
• Information on Jean Dubois in the database of the Bibliothèque nationale de France . (List of publications) and catalogue.bnf.fr (Biographical note)
• pageperso.lif.univ-mrs.fr (Paul Sabatier on the electronic dictionaries of the two Dubois, French)
• talep.lif.univ-mrs.fr (use, expansion and dissemination of the information sources developed by Jean Dubois and Françoise Dubois-Charlier, French)
• aclweb.org (Max Silberztein on the DEM, French)
• idl.u-grenoble3.fr (Marie-Hélène Stéfanini on the sources of information developed by Jean Dubois and Françoise Dubois-Charlier, French)
• taln2014.org (program workshop 2014 at the University of Aix-Marseille, French).
• larousse.fr (On the death of Claude Dubois, French, with pictures from the Larousse publishing house)