Jean Duvergier de Hauranne
Jean Duvergier de Hauranne , also Du Vergier , after his abbot title since 1620 Saint-Cyran (* 1581 in Bayonne , † October 11, 1643 in Paris ), was a French Catholic priest and theologian . He played a decisive role in the spread of Jansenism in France.
Life
Duvergier studied philosophy at the Paris Sorbonne and theology at the Jesuit college in Leuven , where he graduated with honors in 1604. In Löwen he met Cornelius Jansen, who was four years his junior . With him, first in Paris and 1611-13 in Bayonne, he immersed himself intensively in the writings of the church fathers , especially Augustine , whereby they increasingly approximated the Calvinist doctrine of predestination and grace and thus in contrast to the church's penitential practice , especially the casuistic Moral teaching of the Jesuits got into trouble. Duvergier considered the church of his time to be profoundly in need of reform and believed that he had been entrusted with this reform.
In 1617 he was commissioned by the Bishop of Poitiers , who in 1620 gave him the dignity and income of Commendatarabbot of Saint-Cyran . However, Duvergier stayed mainly in Paris, where he made friends with Pierre de Bérulle and Robert Arnauld d'Andilly . Through the Arnauld family he got in touch with the Cistercian convent Port-Royal in 1623 and from 1635 was spiritual leader of the abbess Angélique Arnauld and other sisters as well as the " Hermit of Port Royal ".
Under the influence of Duvergier's spiritual and ascetic personality, Port-Royal became the center of Jansenism, while at the same time the papal condemnation of Jansenist doctrines (1643) was beginning. Cardinal Richelieu , originally a friend of Duvergier, now saw Jansenism as dangerous in terms of imperial and church politics. He had Duvergier arrested on May 15, 1638 and brought to the Donjon of Vincennes . He was held there until Richelieu's death, but was able to maintain contact with companions and take part in the completion of Cornelius Jansen's work on Augustine's doctrine of grace.
After Richelieu's death, Duvergier was released in February 1643 at the efforts of his followers, but died that same year as a result of almost five years in prison. He was buried in the church of St-Jacques-du-Haut-Pas in Paris.
Works
- Considérations sur la mort chrétienne .
- Considérations sur les dimanches et les festes des mysteres, et sur les festes de la Vierge et des saints , Paris 1670 (attribution doubtful).
- Examen d'une apologie qui a esté faite pour servir de defense à un petit livre intitulé Le chapelet secret du Très-Sainct Sacrement Et pour refuter quelques remarques qui avoient été faites sur ledit chapelet , Paris 1634.
- Instructions chrestiennes , Paris 1672.
- La Somme des fautes et faussetez capitales, contenues en la Somme theologique du Pere François Garasse de la Compagnie de Jesus , Paris 1626.
- Lettres chretiennes et spirituelles de messire Jean du Verger de Havranne, abbé de S. Cyran, qui n'ont point encore été imprimées jusqu'à présent , Amsterdam 1744.
- Œuvres chrétiennes et spirituelles , Lyon 1679.
- Peins Aurélius , a work on the ecclesiastical hierarchy, 1631.
- Pensées morales , Éd. Henri Perruchot, Paris, Clermont, F. Sorlot 1944.
- Question royalle et sa decision , Paris 1609.
- Refvtation de l'abus pretendu, & la descouuerte de la veritable ignorance & vanité du pere François Garasse , Paris 1626.
- Theologie familière, avec divers autres petits traitez de dévotion , Leuven 1650.
literature
- Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz : Duvergier de Hauranne, Jean ( Memento from June 13, 2007 in the Internet Archive ). In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 1, Bautz, Hamm 1975. 2nd, unchanged edition Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-013-1 , Sp. 1435.
- Pius Schneider: Saint-Cyran and Augustine in the cultural area of Port-Royal , Berlin 1932, Reprint Nendeln / Liechtenstein 1967.
Web links
- Literature by and about Jean Duvergier de Hauranne in the catalog of the German National Library
- JF Sollier: Duvergier de Hauranne . In: Catholic Encyclopedia , Robert Appleton Company, New York 1913.
Individual evidence
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Duvergier de Hauranne, Jean |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Du Vergier de Hauranne, Jean; Saint-Cyran |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French Roman Catholic theologian, main exponent of Jansenism |
DATE OF BIRTH | 1581 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Bayonne |
DATE OF DEATH | October 11, 1643 |
Place of death | Paris |