Jean Oury

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Jean Oury (born March 5, 1924 in La Garenne-Colombes , Seine department , † May 15, 2014 in Cour-Cheverny , Loir-et-Cher department ) was a French psychiatrist and author .

Life

Oury grew up in a socialist-liberal milieu. Shaped by his ideas, he started work at the prestigious Hôpital de Saint-Alban in the Lozère department in 1947 . Under the leadership of the psychiatrists François Tosquelles , Lucien Bonnafé and Paul Bavet , an approach to the reformation of French psychiatry developed there, which focused on the psyche and the environment of the sick. Tosquelles (1912-1994) was a militant anti-Franquist ; Bonaffé (1912–2003) was an enlightened communist; and Bavet (1907-2001) was a progressive Catholic. Under the fresh impression of National Socialism, the three shared the conviction that the treatment of madness must go hand in hand with the fight against barbarism. Instead of locking up and immobilizing the sick, dynamic relationships between patients and caregivers should shape psychiatry.

Former Resistance fighters, patients, therapists and intellectuals such as the philosopher Georges Canguilhem and the poet Paul Éluard met at this clinic, which influenced an entire generation of French psychiatrists . In 1952, Georges Daumezon coined the term psychiatry institutional for this type of psychiatry, which was considered a model in France until the 1990s.

Jean Oury was a student of Jacques Lacan , whose psychoanalysis he underwent for twenty-seven years. In 1953, Jean Oury acquired La Borde Castle in Cour-Cheverny. There he took in those on the fringes of society with all kinds of mental disorders. He developed a synthesis between Lacan's psychoanalysis and a militant psychiatry devoted to the madman. At the same time, his older brother Fernand Oury , who worked as a teacher in the suburbs , developed his concept of the institutional pedagogy , which he opposed to the traditional school form. The latter he called École-caserne , barracks school. Together, the two brothers had a major influence on the disparaging evaluation of school and psychiatric facilities that manifested itself in the May riots of 1968 .

Félix Guattari , also a pupil and analysand of Lacans , had a large share in the influence of La Borde . Guattari supported the work of La Borde from 1957 , although he and Oury took different directions: while Oury remained a loyal supporter of Lacan throughout his life, Guattari distanced himself from the latter in his 1972 work L'Anti-Œdipe .

Oury worked well into old age: a week before his death he was seen at work in La Borde .

Publications

  • Onze heures du soir à La Borde . Éditions Galilée, Paris 1980
  • with Félix Guattari and François Tosquelles: Pratique de l'institutionnel et politique . Matrice, 1985
  • Le collectif . Champ social editions, Nîmes 1999
  • Creation et schizophrenia . Éditions Galilée, Paris 1989
  • L'aliénation . Éditions Galilée, Paris 1992
  • Les séminaires de La Borde (1996/1997) . Editions du Champ social, Nîmes 1998
  • Institutional psychiatry and psychotherapy . Editions du Champ social, Nîmes 2001
  • with Marie Depussé: À quelle heure passe le train… Conversations sur la folie . Calmann-Lévy, Paris 2003
  • Préfaces . Éditions Le Pli, Orléans, 2004
  • Essai sur la conation esthétique . Dissertation 1950, Éditions Le Pli, Orléans 2005
  • Rencontre avec le Japon. Jean Oury à Okinawa, Kyoto, Tokyo . Editors: Philippe Bernier, Stefan Hassen Chedri, Catherine de Luca-Bernier. Champ social éditions / Matrice 2007
  • Essai sur la creation esthetique . Editions Hermann, Paris 2008
  • Itinéraires de formation . Editions Hermann, Paris 2008
  • La psychose, la mort, l'institution . Editions Hermann, Paris 2008
  • Dialogues à la Borde . Editions Hermann, Paris 2008
  • Préalables à toute clinique des psychoses: dialogue with Patrick Faugeras . Erès, Toulouse 2012.

literature

  • Elisabeth Roudinesco: Jean Oury . In: Le Monde , May 18, 2014, p. 14.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Unless other sources are expressly stated, this article follows Elisabeth Roudinesco's presentation in Le Monde.
  2. ^ Francois Dosse: Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari: Intersecting Lives (European Perspectives: A Series in Social Thought & Cultural Criticism) , p. 43. Columbia University Press, 2010. ISBN 978-0231145602
  3. ↑ See the obituary by Jean-François Rey in Liberation.
personal data
SURNAME Oury, Jean
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French psychiatrist and author
DATE OF BIRTH March 5, 1924
PLACE OF BIRTH La Garenne-Colombes , Seine department
DATE OF DEATH May 15, 2014
Place of death Cour-Cheverny , Loir-et-Cher department