Jeddeloh I.

Jeddeloh I. municipality Edewecht Coordinates: 53 ° 7 ′ 18 ″  N , 8 ° 1 ′ 50 ″  E
Height :	16 m
Area :	9.92 km²
Residents :	1068  (June 30, 2018)
Population density :	108 inhabitants / km²
Postal code :	26188
Area code :	04405
Location of Jeddeloh I in Lower Saxony
Tree nursery on the outskirts of Jeddeloh

Jeddeloh I is a village in the municipality of Edewecht in the Ammerland district in Lower Saxony .

location

The place is about 13 km west of Oldenburg (Oldenburg) and 3.5 km north of the coastal canal and the federal highway 401 that runs along it .

history

Jeddeloh I owes its existence to the last Ice Age , when glaciers from Scandinavia formed northern Germany. In terms of landscape, the area around Jeddeloh has since been shaped by the change in soil types, moor and geest . The Jeddeloher Esch lies on a drier, sandy ridge that protrudes like an island from the surrounding moist high moor . So it was a matter of time before people settled on this sand hill.

Relics of a wooden dam in the moor between Jeddeloh and Edewecht prove that the area was already settled in pre-Christian times. However, the place is first mentioned in the "Bruchhauser Lehnsregister" from 1260 to 1270 as "Ydeloh" or "Jetelo" . At the same time, a farmyard “Guidelo” appears in an inventory of the Rastede monastery from the first decade of the 14th century .

It can be assumed that there have been two farms in Jeddeloh at least since then. Two househusband families "zu Jeddeloh" have been attested since 1547, and their descendants are still resident today. As full farmers, they shared the drier, agriculturally usable ash soils. That they also had adjacent heather and bog areas in use show u. a. still the current field names "Alter Kamp" and "Neuer Kamp" .

From this medieval phase there is the old tradition of "Brun Jeddeloh" ("Ik slaah de Eier in de Pann"), which describes in different text forms the border conflicts at that time with the "Münsterlanders" south of the Vehnemoor (see also the Ballad section below) .

Due to the frozen ownership structure, the further development of the settlement largely rested. It was not until the 17th century that some small-scale hirers or mutt were added, who, as tenants with the homemaker families, cultivated inferior land on the edge of the Esch and also had to perform “farm services”. In 1681 there were three living spaces and 31 inhabitants in Jeddeloh “in the moor”, and in 1793 51 inhabitants. The everyday life of these mutts was characterized by low earnings, often additional income from handicrafts or “Holland walks” was necessary. As late as 1790, the Oldenburg Bailiwick map shows Jeddeloh as Drubbel , one of the oldest north-west German settlement types. The mapped old settlement at that time consists of the homesteads of the full farmers, the Esch as permanent farmland and the meanness (forest, moor, grassland of the Vehne lowlands). Rapid population growth at the time increased the pressure to divide up and use the meanings. This gave a strong impetus to the development of Jeddeloh as a result of the colonization of the moors surrounding the Jeddeloh.
The increased demand for brick led to the construction of two brick factories at the beginning and middle of the 19th century . The sand required for production could be mined in the immediate vicinity in a sand pit between “Ziegeleistraße” and “Sandberg” street. For a long time, the clay was extracted from several clay pits between “An der Harre” and “Hinterm Alten Kamp” streets (later in the Tonkuhle Edewecht). The necessary burnt peat was cut in a brick-owned peat extraction area on the “Moorkampsweg”. For a long time there was a field railway with its own track system for peat transport, which supplied the brickworks and the power station established in 1902.
In 1815 the place had 21 fireplaces and 127 inhabitants, since 1811 a private school has been attested. The privatization of the Jeddeloher nasties, which took place in 1829, opened the gates to their orderly settlement and use. The first settlements took place on the road to Scharrelsberg (today's village of Kleinscharrel), which has been used since 1798, the road south to the "Jeddeloher Wiesen" (today's Jeddeloh II ) and the Wildenlohsweg immediately to the east (today: Kleefeld ). A windmill built in 1858 testified to the associated expansion of agriculture, but was demolished before 1912.

The island position of Jeddeloh was also eliminated from 1830 to 1840 by the construction of a sanded road connection between Oldenburg and Edewecht that crosses the moor in a direct west-east direction, which was paved all year round until 1895. In 1911 / '12 the sandy path to Jeddeloh II , which was often softened in the rain, was paved, the paving of the Scharrelerdamm to Kleinscharrel, begun in 1915, could not be finished until 1927 / '28 due to the war.

In 1925 Jeddeloh I had 456 inhabitants, in 1950 828 inhabitants, including 170 war displaced persons and refugees. In 1960 Jeddeloh I received a new school building, which replaced the old one from 1848. Since 1970 the school in Jeddeloh I was a center school , since 2007 it has continued to be a primary school . After the Second World War, an evangelical free church congregation (Baptists) formed in Jeddeloh, which in 1984 built its own church.

In 1990 the 800th anniversary of Jeddeloh was celebrated, as the first mention earlier was wrongly dated to 1190.

Origin of name

Originally Jeddeloh was overgrown with quarry forest or low forest, which is indicated by the final syllable “... loh” (old German “lo” = forest) in the place name “Jeddeloh”. The prefix “Yede” or “Jete” (old German “Gate” : outflow, outflow) or “Giude” (old German “giutan” = pour) should refer to natural outflows to Vehne (F. Winkler). The water from the still existing springs on the edge of the Esch (Börn) probably also played a role. The first settlers were named after this field name "to Yedelo" ("zu Jeddeloh").

The suffix “1” or “I” is found more often in Oldenburg moor colonies and serves to distinguish it from later settlement developments (here: Jeddeloh II ).

Population statistics

year	Residents	households	Agriculture
1815	120
1855	315
1895	535
1925	465
1939	580	129
1961	907
1971	963
1981	957
1991	936	302
2001	1.014	322
2012	964	341	22nd
2016	1,025	345	22nd
2018	1,063	346	22nd

(Source: old documents and Edewecht municipal administration)

economy

In addition to farming, the two househusband families had been running a farm brick factory since 1793 , which existed until shortly after the First World War. In 1854/55, the Oltmanns brickworks was founded about 100 m away and belonged to the Wienerberger Group from 1986 . In 2003, production was largely abandoned, and in 2008 the plant was finally closed.

After the First World War, the two agriculturally oriented old farms successfully switched to growing rhododendrons , heather and conifers . Today there are the "JD zu Jeddeloh" tree nursery, one of the most important tree nurseries in Germany, as well as other businesses of high regional importance.

The local power station of the machine manufacturer Gerhard Bünting was the first in the municipality of Edewecht and supplied Jeddeloh and neighboring towns with direct current from 1902 to 1938 - by the First World War, the Jeddeloh power grid comprised an impressive 500 house connections (in view of the then innovative electrical lighting, a visitor to Jeddeloh said in amazement: "Something like that, I imagine the sky." ).

societies

• Budo sport club: courses for self-defense
• Friends and friends of the elementary school Jeddeloh I : Cafeteria, regular healthy breakfast
• Children's carriage: trips to kindergarten
• Country folk association: traditional customs, holiday pass campaigns, etc.
• Model sports club: model airplanes
• Local citizens' association: Maintenance of customs and coordination of the associations
• Plattsnackers: Maintenance of the Low German language
• Shooting club: maintaining shooting sports
• Singverein: Regular choir meeting
• Gymnastics club: offer of various sports

In addition, lawn mower races take place regularly on the Jückenweg racetrack . The race in Jeddeloh is part of the racing series for the German championship.

Personalities

Ernst Willers (born February 11, 1802 in Jeddeloh I, district Vegesack (Duchy of Oldenburg); † May 1, 1880, probably in Munich) was a German landscape painter.

ballad

In the vast moorland areas that stretched between the diocese of Münster and the county of Oldenburg in the area of ​​Bösel, Friesoythe and Barßel ​​as well as Nordloh, Godensholt, Scheps, Edewecht and Jeddeloh, border disputes that have lasted for centuries have often worried the farmers concerned. Raids and pillages billowed to and fro.

The poet Heinrich Seidel (1842–1906) wrote the following ballad about the attack by the "Münster'schen" in Jeddeloh :

Brun Jeddeloh

The Munster came across the moor,
To rob and plunder as often before.
They sat and feasted in Jeddeloh
and were glad of the fat ham.
"Dirn, sla us eggs in de Pann,
Because came dor kien chick van!"
They drank the flowery mead with it
and kissed Trina and Margret!
But secretly a servant had escaped
across the moor to Edewecht.
The bells
ring from the church tower , you ring help, they ring the storm.
The peasants come out with axes.
They move to Jeddeloh across the moor.
“What do the bells say? Farmer speak! ”
“ They ring the bell for the corpse in Edewecht. ”
The Munster, drunk with mead and robbery,
they were blind, they were deaf.
Brun Jeddeloh's house was surrounded.
They put an end to the robbers.
Only one escaped the peasants
because he crawled under the burdock.
But Brun Jeddeloh saw him.
Then the robber had to beg for his life.
He screamed and
pleaded in misery and distress - - but Brun spoke and beat him to death:
"Ick sla de Eier in de Pann,
Because came dor kien chick van."

See also

• Peatland colonization

literature

• Albrecht Eckhardt (Hrsg.): History of the community Edewecht in the Ammerland. Isensee, Oldenburg 2005, ISBN 3-89995-226-X
• Heinrich Kruse, Klaus Kruse: Village chronicle Jeddeloh I 800 years. Self published in 1990
• Emil Wieker: Farms, settlement farms and houses before 1945 in the localities Jeddeloh I, Klein Scharrel, Jeddeloh II and Kleefeld Part I. Regional research in the municipality of Edewecht, Vol. 2. Edewecht published by Edewecht 1995
• Emil Wieker: Description of the individual farms and houses in Jeddeloh I before 1945 (sorted by streets and paths) Part II. 3. Reprint. Edewecht published in 1993.
• Friedrich Winkler: Chronicle of the community Edewecht. (1st reprint from 1985) Self-published, Edewecht 1974

Web links

• Website of the village Jeddeloh I and the family name Jeddeloh

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Population figures on the website of the municipality of Edewecht
2. ^ Brun Jeddeloh , Heinrich Seidel , Project Gutenberg-DE
3. ↑ Archived copy ( memento from November 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Homepage Ev.-freikirchl. Jeddeloh I community
4. ↑ Wienerberger closes plant in Jeddeloh , NWZ Online , July 24, 2008
5. ↑ The history of the company , website of the company on Jeddeloh plants
6. ↑ Our tree nursery ( Memento of the original from November 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Website of the company Diderk Heinje Nurseries  
7. ↑ http://www.jeddeloh.com/_pdf/_download/3.pdf