Joachim Hamann

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Joachim Hamann (born May 18, 1913 in Kiel ; † July 13, 1945 ) was a German detective and SS-Sturmbannführer (1945). During the Holocaust in Lithuania, he headed the so-called "Hamann Roll Command".

Life

Hamann was a professional chemist and during the Great Depression temporarily unemployed. After 1933, he came across the police to Stapo control center Berlin and 1940 of standartenführer Karl Jäger led task force 3 (EK3) that of SS brigade leader Walter Stahlecker led Einsatzgruppe A . He was a member of the NSDAP (membership number 958.322).

His “ Rollkommando Hamann” (Lithuanian: Hamanno skrajojantis būrys ) murdered a large part of the Jewish population of Lithuania : “As the leader of a train of Lithuanian auxiliaries, he participated in at least 62 massacres , of which around 60,000 Jews were killed.” The train driver became a roommate portrayed as a 'fanatical hater of Jews' who believed that 'with these measures he had fulfilled a duty to his people'. "

Hamann later worked in the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA) as a consultant for Department A3 "Right Opposition". He played a leading role in the arrest of Field Marshal Rommel in 1944. After the war ended, on July 13, 1945, Hamann committed suicide .

Hamann taxi command

On the orders of Franz Walter Stahlecker, with the consent of Karl Jäger, Joachim Hamann initially recruited 8 members from his task force for the Hamann rolling command. The composition of the command changed, but essentially consisted of Hamann, his deputy Helmut Rauca , less than 10 other Germans and, depending on the report, 50 to 58 members who he selected from a Lithuanian unit. The taxi command did not have a permanent structure, but was called together for the individual missions.

Hamann commissioned the local police forces to concentrate the victims, to select and prepare the scene of the crime and to pull together the necessary auxiliary staff. Only then did a division of the taxiing command , usually from Kaunas , move in and carry out the executions (see Operation in Lithuania ).

From the end of June to the beginning of October 1941, with the support of Lithuanian forces, the command murdered almost the entire Jewish population of the rural Lithuanian communities ( Panevėžys , Ukmergė , Zarasai , Kėdainiai , Kaišiadorys , Utena , Marijampolė , Jonava , Raseiniai , Alytus , Žagarė, etc.). Between July and August 1941 the Rollkommando also murdered 9,102 Jews in the Daugavpils ghetto , Latvia .

See also

literature

  • Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich . 2., act. Edition. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8 .
  • Peter Klein (Ed.): The Einsatzgruppen in the occupied Soviet Union 1941/42 . Edition Hentrich, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-89468-200-0 .
  • Knut Stang: Collaboration and mass murder: the Lithuanian auxiliary police, the Hamann roll command and the murder of the Lithuanian Jews . Frankfurt am Main 1996, ISBN 3-631-30895-7 .
  • Vincas Bartusevičius, Joachim Tauber, Wolfram Wette (eds.): Holocaust in Lithuania. War, murder of Jews, and collaboration in 1941 . Cologne / Weimar 2003, ISBN 3-412-13902-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jürgen Matthäus : Key Aspects of German Anti-Jewish Policy ( Memento of May 15, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 366 kB). In: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum: Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies (Ed.): Lithuania and the Jews: The Holocaust Chapter. July 2005, pp. 27-29. (Retrieved June 2, 2009.)
  2. ^ A b c Gerhard Paul: The perpetrators of the Shoah: fanatical National Socialists or completely normal Germans? Wallstein, 2002, ISBN 3-89244-503-6 , pp. 51-52.
  3. ↑ Wolfgang Scheffler: Die Einsatzgruppe A. In: Peter Klein (Ed.): Die Einsatzgruppen in the occupied Soviet Union 1941/42. Edition Hentrich, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-89468-200-0 , p. 48, footnote 30.
  4. ↑ Jürgen Matthäus: Key Aspects of German Anti-Jewish Policy ( Memento of May 15, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 366 kB). In: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum: Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies (Ed.): Lithuania and the Jews: The Holocaust Chapter. July 2005, p. 29. (Accessed June 2, 2009.)
  5. ↑ a b The Mechanized Commando Unit of Haman. (No longer available online.) Association of Lithuanian Jews in Israel, pp. 1, 5 ff , archived from the original on September 10, 2015 ; accessed on January 17, 2010 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lithuanianjews.org.il
  6. ↑ Arūnas Bubnys: Lithuanian Police Battalions and the Holocaust. (PDF; 168 kB) (No longer available online.) The International Commission for the Evaluation of the Crimes of the Nazi and Soviet Occupation Regimes in Lithuania, pp. 12–13 , archived from the original on July 22, 2011 ; accessed on March 14, 2009 .
  7. ↑ Presentation of the working method of the Rollkommando according to Rüdiger Ritter: Labor-based mass murder: War crimes in Lithuania during the Second World War. In: Timm C. Richter (Ed.): War and crime. Situation and intention: case studies. (= Current / Villa ten Hompel. 9). Meidenbauer, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-89975-080-2 , pp. 59f .; see. Knut Stang: collaboration and mass murder. The Lithuanian Auxiliary Police, the Hamann Roll Command and the murder of the Lithuanian Jews. Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main et al. 1996, ISBN 3-631-30895-7 .
  8. ↑ Andrew Ezergailis: The Holocaust in Latvia 1941-1944: The Missing Center . Ed .: Historical Institute of Latvia. Riga 1996, ISBN 9984-9054-3-8 , p. 276-279 .
personal data
SURNAME Hamann, Joachim
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German war criminal, perpetrator of the Holocaust
DATE OF BIRTH May 18, 1913
PLACE OF BIRTH Kiel
DATE OF DEATH July 13, 1945