Johann (Hesse)

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Johann von Hessen († February 14, 1311 ) was a son of the first Landgrave of Hesse , Heinrich I , from his second marriage to Mechthild von Cleve and ruled as Landgrave in Niederhessen from 1308 to 1311 .

Inheritance dispute

From 1292 onwards there were inheritance disputes between Heinrich's sons from his two marriages in the Hesse family , as his second wife demanded hereditary consideration of her own sons. This led to armed conflicts that lasted until Heinrich's death. The eldest son from Heinrich's first marriage to Adelheid von Braunschweig , Heinrich the Younger, had been co-regent since 1284, and Mechthild managed to get her eldest son Johann to also become co-regent in 1296. Heinrich the Younger died in 1298, before his father, and his brother Otto took his place. The inheritance was eventually divided after Heinrich's death (1308). Johann received Niederhessen with a residence in Kassel and the imperial fiefs (in Upper Hesse there were no imperial fiefs). The "Lande an der Lahn" (later Upper Hesse ) with residence in Marburg went to his half-brother Otto I.

Regency

In 1309 Johann conquered Gudensberg, which was in Braunschweig's lien possession, and forced Duke Albrecht II to accept the deposit. Through Emperor Heinrich VII , Johann received protection over the imperial cities of Mühlhausen , Nordhausen and Goslar . As a result, Margrave Friedrich I of Meissen took action against the Hessian invasion of the Landgraviate of Thuringia. These disputes turned out to be unfavorable for Johann, so that he had to retreat to Kassel in 1311 to re-arm himself.

death

Johann died of the plague on February 14, 1311 in Kassel . He was buried in the Ahnaberg monastery. So there were no further armed conflicts between Johann and Friedrich I. Johann's plan to found a new fortified city on the right, Thuringian side of the Fulda between Guxhagen and Breitenau , was therefore never carried out.

After Johann's death, Niederhessen fell to Otto I.

family

In 1306 Johann married Adelheid von Braunschweig-Lüneburg († 1311 in Kassel), daughter of Duke Albrecht II. Like her husband, she died of the plague and was buried next to her husband in the Ahnaberg monastery. Johann and Adelheid had a daughter, Elisabeth († 1339); she married Otto VI. from Ochsenstein .

swell

  1. ^ Johanna Elisabeth Wigand, History of the Regents of Hessen-Cassel (pp. 7–8), Cassel, 1882, facsimile edition, Historische Edition Dieter Carl, Vellmar, 2001, ISBN 3-9807814-0-2

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predecessor Office successor
Heinrich I. Landgrave of Hesse (Lower Hesse)
1308–1311 		Otto I.
personal data
SURNAME Johann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES John of Hesse
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Landgrave in Niederhessen (1308-1311)
DATE OF BIRTH 13th Century
DATE OF DEATH February 14, 1311
Place of death kassel