Johann Baptist von Stürmer

Johann Baptist Stürmer , from 1814 Ritter von Stürmer , (born April 20, 1777 in Würzburg , † January 15, 1856 in Munich ) was a Bavarian high official and for a short time in 1831 administrator of the Bavarian Ministry of the Interior .

Life

Johann Baptist von Stürmer was born on April 20, 1777 as the son of Johann Kaspar Stürmer and his wife, nee Schultheiss, in Würzburg. Nothing is known about his training. In 1805 he married Maria Anna Hellmann. With the daughter of a Würzburg master plumber, he had three sons and a daughter.

Before September 1, 1808, he was a secretary in the Ansbach "district administration". This was transformed into the General Commissariat Ansbach of the Rezatkreis in 1808. The General Commissariat was created in the course of the administrative restructuring between 1806 and 1808 according to the French department model at the instigation of Maximilian von Montgelas . With the reshuffle he switched to the Bavarian civil service and became an assessor in the newly established police section of the Bavarian Ministry of the Interior. From around 1809 his main area of responsibility was community affairs. In 1813 the Ministry of the Interior promoted him to the rank of senior police officer. Contrary to Montgelas, who advocated centralization on the sovereign King Maximilian II , Stürmer took the position in 1811 to leave competence at the community level.

During the parish edict drawn up in 1818 , he still had a lot in common with Montgelas. But Montgelas hesitated to repeal the centralized administration of community and foundation affairs, which contributed to his dismissal. The Home Office promoted Striker to Ministerial Council after Montgelas' dismissal . For his knowledge and efficiency, Stürmer was appointed to the State Council in October 1823 . In a new position, he switched to the civil service section of the Interior of the Council of State. Through the representation of the ministers Joseph von Armansperg in 1827 and Eduard von Schenk in 1828 in absentia, Stürmer has since been regarded as "ministerial".

The press ordinance of January 28, 1831 caused considerable controversy. King Ludwig I appointed Stürmer to succeed Interior Minister Schenk, who had been forced to resign, as steward. The appointment also followed the intention to reduce the opposition to the government, because Stürmer was recognized by the liberal MPs because of his reputation. The opposition only gave in when the press regulation was withdrawn on June 12 of the same year. As Striker advocated greater freedom of the press and more ministerial involvement in political decision-making, this disqualified him in the eyes of his superiors. His resignation from September 24th and 27th, 1831 remained unfulfilled. The removal and handover to his successor Oettingen-Wallerstein , and thus the request expected by the king this time, did not come until December 21, 1831. As a result, Stürmer returned to his previous position in the State Council.

With the successor to the throne Maximilian II , Stürmer said goodbye to civil service. On September 30, 1848 Maximilian II dismissed him from office and appointed him, as usual, to the state councilor in extraordinary service. Johann Baptist von Stürmer died on January 15, 1856 in Munich.

Act

In 1809 he worked out a draft of a new tax code for the municipalities. As early as 1802, a six-year mandatory instruction was introduced in Bavaria . In the following years the school system was built up and an internal administration was created. Stürmer drafted the curriculum from 1816. In 1818 he participated in the draft of the municipal edict of 1818. As a ministerial advisor, he administered an extensive section on matters relating to the community, including police, homeland affairs, including establishment, and the military.

At the meeting of the Bavarian Estates Assembly in 1824/25, he explained the budget of the Ministry of the Interior and presented the draft trade law. During the tenure of Joseph von Armansperg in 1827, Stürmer represented him in a lengthy absence as head. He also represented Eduard von Schenk in his absence in 1828.

With his appointment to the State Council, he was relieved of routine work and devoted himself entirely to processing fundamental and essential processes. As a participant in the Legislative Commission, he drafted bills for the area of internal administration. Stürmer contributed to important reform projects, such as the introduction of the public administration of justice.

For the state parliament in 1830/31, Stürmer was again in charge of drafting bills. He is said to have drafted the press law, which was presented to the stands but not implemented. For the constitution of the state parliament he was active in the briefing commission. During the year 1831 as administrator of the Interior Ministry, Stürmer was only intended as a "temporary solution" during the occupation. Ludwig I rejected his proposal to contain the risk of cholera and left strikers with no measures but responsibility. Striker did not want to wear this. He made several requests to resign.

Ludwig I continued to see Stürmer's expertise as indispensable and kept him on a Council of State post. In his further activities, for example, he worked out the state parliament farewell in 1837. He was accused of signing; however, in carrying it out, he was "forced to obey higher influences". In February 1847, Stürmer sat on the commission of inquiry into the memorandum of Karl von Abels that was made public.

Characteristics of the striker

An Austrian envoy estimated Stürmer as a state councilor during the " Duumvirates " of Friedrich Karl von Thürheim and Georg Friedrich von Zentner in the interior ministry as a skillful and moderate liberal man. Thürheim claimed striker as his pupil. In contrast, others emphasized the closeness to Joseph von Armansperg .

King Ludwig I also recognized Stürmer's “outstanding knowledge and skills” despite his “principally suspicious” attitude towards officials from the Montgelas school. His opinion was expressed in the designation as the " luminary of official liberalism". Striker was persistently enlightened and indomitable even under massive pressure from the king. "The higher it rose through truth, publicity and sincerity in the recognition" of the Bavarian Second Chamber, "the less it seemed to correspond to the trust of the crown".

Eduard von Schenk explains that Stürmer is a suitable successor to Joseph von Armansperg, but at the same time he said: “Stürmer is an excellent businessman, but when it comes to churches and teaching […] his principles [are] those of Your Majesty assumed quite opposite; Art and higher science are alien to him ”. When Ludwig I wanted to appoint Stürmer as Minister of Justice, Schenk expressed concerns: “Stürmer is a very legal man who is very skilled in administration, alone without any sense for anything higher, not a lawyer enough, highly stubborn and idiosyncratic, stingy on popularity a minister can only win at the expense of the rights of the crown - and even there only momentarily ”.

Awards

In 1814 he received the Order of Merit. In 1829 he received the Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown. In recognition of his performance as a civil servant, he received the Grand Cross of the Order of Merit from St. Michael .

Works

Expert draft of a legal regulation of the relationship between state and church with special regard to the Bavarian monarchy: A contribution to the upcoming church concordat , JE v. Seidel'sche Buchhandlung, Sulzbach / Nürnberg 1807 ( digitized from Google Books ).

literature

Dirk Götschmann : The Bavarian Ministry of the Interior 1825–1864 . Organization and function, civil service and political influence of a central authority in the constitutional monarchy (= series of publications of the historical commission at the Bavarian Academy of Science . Volume 48 ). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1993, ISBN 3-525-36040-1 , p. 211–214 ( online [accessed May 27, 2019]).
Conversational lexicon of the latest time and literature . tape IV / IV . Brockhaus, Leipzig 1834, p. 577 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

Web links

Johann Baptist Ritter von Stürmer in the parliamentary database at the House of Bavarian History

Footnotes

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Dirk Götschmann: The Bavarian Ministry of the Interior 1825–1864. Organization and function, civil service and political influence of a central authority in the constitutional monarchy, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, 1993, p. 211 ( online at digital-sammlungen.de ).
^ ^A ^b House of Bavarian History (Bavarian State Ministry for Science, Research and Art): Stürmer, Johann Baptist Ritter von. Retrieved March 27, 2013 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Dirk Götschmann: The Bavarian Ministry of the Interior 1825–1864. Organization and function, civil service and political influence of a central authority in the constitutional monarchy, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, 1993, p. 212 ( online at digital-sammlungen.de ).
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Dirk Götschmann: The Bavarian Ministry of the Interior 1825–1864. Organization and function, civil service and political influence of a central authority in the constitutional monarchy, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, 1993, p. 213 ( online at digital-sammlungen.de ).
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Dirk Götschmann: The Bavarian Ministry of the Interior 1825–1864. Organization and function, civil service and political influence of a central authority in the constitutional monarchy, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, 1993, p. 214 ( online at digital-sammlungen.de ).
↑ ^a ^b ^c Brockhaus: Conversations-Lexicon of the latest time and literature . tape IV / IV . Brockhaus, Leipzig 1834, p. 577 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

personal data
SURNAME	Striker, Johann Baptist von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Striker, Johann Baptist Ritter von (full name); Striker, Johann Baptist (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Bavarian civil servant
DATE OF BIRTH	April 20, 1777
PLACE OF BIRTH	Wurzburg
DATE OF DEATH	January 15, 1856
Place of death	Munich

[DiGötschmann211-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Dirk Götschmann: The Bavarian Ministry of the Interior 1825–1864. Organization and function, civil service and political influence of a central authority in the constitutional monarchy, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, 1993, p. 211 ( online at digital-sammlungen.de ).

[HdBG-2] A ^b House of Bavarian History (Bavarian State Ministry for Science, Research and Art): Stürmer, Johann Baptist Ritter von. Retrieved March 27, 2013 .

[DiGötschmann212-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Dirk Götschmann: The Bavarian Ministry of the Interior 1825–1864. Organization and function, civil service and political influence of a central authority in the constitutional monarchy, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, 1993, p. 212 ( online at digital-sammlungen.de ).

[DiGötschmann213-4] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Dirk Götschmann: The Bavarian Ministry of the Interior 1825–1864. Organization and function, civil service and political influence of a central authority in the constitutional monarchy, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, 1993, p. 213 ( online at digital-sammlungen.de ).

[DiGötschmann214-5] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Dirk Götschmann: The Bavarian Ministry of the Interior 1825–1864. Organization and function, civil service and political influence of a central authority in the constitutional monarchy, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, 1993, p. 214 ( online at digital-sammlungen.de ).

[Brockhaus1834-6] Brockhaus: Conversations-Lexicon of the latest time and literature . tape IV / IV . Brockhaus, Leipzig 1834, p. 577 ( limited preview in Google Book search).