Johann Carl Friedrich Meyer

Johann Carl Friedrich Meyer in an anonymous copper engraving

Johann Carl Friedrich Meyer (born October 17, 1739 in Stettin , † February 20, 1811 in Berlin ) was a German pharmacist and chemist . As the owner of the court and garrison pharmacy in Stettin, he also worked as a researching chemist and was politically committed to the pharmacy.

Life

Meyer came from a family of pharmacists in Szczecin. His father (* 1695, † 1759) had been court and garrison pharmacist in Stettin since 1728, his mother, Maria Elisabeth Werneberg, was the daughter of a Berlin pharmacist, owner of the Polish pharmacy in Berlin-Dorotheenstadt. After his apprenticeship in his father's pharmacy, he expanded his knowledge with Andreas Sigismund Marggraf in Berlin and then went to Uppsala in Sweden, where he continued his studies with Torbern Olof Bergman . In Uppsala he also attended lectures by Carl von Linné .

In 1760, after his father's death, he took over the pharmacy in Stettin. In 1782 he also founded a factory for the production of rubbing alcohol and liqueurs with government subsidies ; in 1796 15 workers were employed here. From 1795 he also produced artificial mineral water .

As a self-employed pharmacist, he continued to devote himself to his chemical studies and published over thirty scientific texts, especially in the Chemical Annals . He worked in particular on iron , hydrofluoric acid and silica . At the same time he cultivated his contacts in Sweden (eight letters from Meyer to Carl von Linné are known) and helped the research results of Swedish chemists to become better known in Germany. Through his scientific work he became a member of the Leopoldina , the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences and foreign member of the Imperial Russian Academy of Sciences . He was also a foreign member of the Society of Friends of Natural Sciences in Berlin . Later his professional political work, as a member of the Pomeranian Medical College since 1775, took up more time. He advocated scientific training for pharmacists and their independent position vis-à-vis doctors , for the controlled establishment of new pharmacies and for adequate drug prices.

His natural history collection was one of the sights of Szczecin visited by educated foreigners.

Meyer married Maria Susanne Beurer, daughter of the Nuremberg pharmacist and naturalist Johann Ambrosius Beurer, in Nuremberg in 1765 . His wife died in Szczecin in 1785. He sold his factory to his sister's son in 1803 and the pharmacy to a pharmacist from Berlin in 1805.

In 1811 Meyer became a member of the State Deputy Assembly for Pomerania. For this purpose he traveled to Berlin, where he died on February 20, 1811, and thus before the opening on February 23, 1811.

His son Heinrich Meyer (* 1767; † 1828), a doctor in Berlin, married Sophie Gedike, daughter of the Prussian school reformer Friedrich Gedike .

Honors

The plant genus Meyeria DC. from the sunflower family (Asteraceae) is named after Carl Anton von Meyer , Johann Carl Friedrich Meyer, Friedrich Albrecht Anton Meyer , Georg Friedrich Wilhelm Meyer and Ernst Heinrich Friedrich Meyer .

References

literature

Michael Engel: Meyer, Johann Carl Friedrich. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 17, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-428-00198-2 , p. 353 f. ( Digitized version ).
Eckhard Wendt: Stettiner Lebensbilder (= publications of the Historical Commission for Pomerania . Series V, Volume 40). Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-412-09404-8 , pp. 355–356.

Web links

Wikisource: Johann Carl Friedrich Meyer - Sources and full texts

Literature by and about Johann Carl Friedrich Meyer in the catalog of the German National Library

Individual evidence

^ Archivum Panstwowego w Szczecinie, concession from King Friedrich Wilhelm I v. April 26, 1728 to the pharmacist journeyman Johann Michael Meyer
^ Martin Wehrmann : History of the city of Stettin. Leon Saunier's bookstore, Stettin 1911, p. 388. (Reprint: Weltbild Verlag, Augsburg 1993, ISBN 3-89350-119-3 )
↑ The Linnaean Correspondence - Biography: Meyer, Johann Carl Friedrich (1739-1811)
↑ Magazine for the latest discoveries in natural history. Volume 5. 1811, p. IV.
^ Martin Wehrmann : History of the city of Stettin. Leon Saunier's bookstore, Stettin 1911, p. 408. (Reprint: Weltbild Verlag, Augsburg 1993, ISBN 3-89350-119-3 )
↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .

personal data
SURNAME	Meyer, Johann Carl Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Meyer, Johann Karl Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	German pharmacist and chemist
DATE OF BIRTH	October 17, 1739
PLACE OF BIRTH	Szczecin
DATE OF DEATH	February 20, 1811
Place of death	Berlin

[1] Archivum Panstwowego w Szczecinie, concession from King Friedrich Wilhelm I v. April 26, 1728 to the pharmacist journeyman Johann Michael Meyer

[2] Martin Wehrmann : History of the city of Stettin. Leon Saunier's bookstore, Stettin 1911, p. 388. (Reprint: Weltbild Verlag, Augsburg 1993, ISBN 3-89350-119-3 )

[3] The Linnaean Correspondence - Biography: Meyer, Johann Carl Friedrich (1739-1811)

[4] Magazine for the latest discoveries in natural history. Volume 5. 1811, p. IV.

[5] Martin Wehrmann : History of the city of Stettin. Leon Saunier's bookstore, Stettin 1911, p. 408. (Reprint: Weltbild Verlag, Augsburg 1993, ISBN 3-89350-119-3 )

[Burkhardt_2018-6] Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .