Johann Daniel Achelis
Johann Daniel Achelis (born June 7, 1898 in Göttingen ; † September 21, 1963 on the crossing to the United States ) was a German physiologist and medical historian .
Life
Achelis, son of the church historian Hans Achelis , took part in the First World War from 1915 to 1918 . After the end of the war, he studied medicine at the universities of Halle , Bonn and Leipzig . In January 1922 he passed his medical state examination in Leipzig and was awarded a Dr. med. PhD . On December 2, 1922, he received his license to practice medicine . From 1922 to 1933 he worked as an assistant at the Physiological Institute at the University of Leipzig ; on December 20, 1926, he received his habilitation in physiology, and he was also an employee at the Medical History Institute with Henry E. Sigerist .
On May 1, 1933 , he joined the NSDAP ( membership number 3,078,794) and worked as a staunch National Socialist from May 1, 1933 to September 20, 1934 in the rank of ministerial councilor as a personnel officer for the universities in the Prussian Ministry of Education. In this position he played a leading role in the implementation of the mass layoffs that took place after the law on the restoration of the professional civil service at universities came into force . From October 10, 1934, he was professor and director of the Physiological Institute at Heidelberg University . From 1937 to 1945 he also held a teaching position for the history of medicine, but failed to set up an independent institute for the history of medicine.
During the Second World War , Achelis did military service in the Air Force from September 1939 to March 1945 and undertook studies on the stimulus physiology of heat regulation . From 1944 onwards, Achelis was still a member of the scientific advisory board of the authorized representative for health care Karl Brandt .
After the war ended, Achelis was released by the American military government in October 1945. From 1950 he was head of the research department at CF Boehringer & Söhne Mannheim, where he was a member of the management board for medical research from 1953 to 1963 .
Achelis was a member of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina .
He is considered one of the pioneers of psychosomatic medicine . In the field of medical history, he devoted himself primarily to the work of Paracelsus .
literature
- Dagmar Drüll: Heidelberger Gelehrtenlexikon 1933–1986. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-540-88835-2 .
- Michael Grüttner : Biographical lexicon on National Socialist science policy. Synchron, Heidelberg 2004, ISBN 3-935025-68-8 , p. 13.
- Hans-Christian Jasch: The Prussian Ministry of Culture and the “elimination” of “non-Aryan” and politically disliked professors at the Berlin University in the years 1933 to 1934 due to the law to restore the civil service of April 7, 1933. 2005 ( online ).
- Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich . Who was what before and after 1945 . 2nd Edition. Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8 .
- Michael Kißener: Boehringer Ingelheim under National Socialism. Stuttgart 2015.
- Alexander Neumann: Physiology. In: Wolfgang U. Eckart , Volker Sellin , Eike Wolgast (Eds.): The University of Heidelberg in National Socialism. Springer, Heidelberg 2006, ISBN 3-540-21442-9 , pp. 671-695.
Web links
- Literature by and about Johann Daniel Achelis in the catalog of the German National Library
- Johann Daniel Achelis in the professorial catalog of the University of Leipzig
- Medical history under National Socialism , The medical historiography in Heidelberg, website of the Institute for the History and Ethics of Medicine at the University of Heidelberg
- Johann Daniel Achelis on the website of the Heidelberg History Association
Individual evidence
- ↑ Wolfgang Uwe Eckart , Volker Sellin, Eike Wolgast: The University of Heidelberg in National Socialism , Springer, Berlin 2006, p. 676, preview in the Google book search
- ↑ See Sven Kinas: Academic Exodus. The expulsion of professors from the universities of Berlin, Frankfurt am Main, Greifswald and Halle 1933-1945, Heidelberg 2018, p. 56 f.
- ^ Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. 2nd Edition. Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 10.
- ^ Michael Kißener : Boehringer Ingelheim in National Socialism. Stuttgart 2015, p. 255.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Achelis, Johann Daniel |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German physiologist and medical historian |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 7, 1898 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Göttingen, |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 21, 1963 |
| Place of death | on board a ship during the crossing to the USA |