Johann Gottfried Borlach

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Johann Gottfried Borlach

Johann Gottfried Borlach (born May 24, 1687 in Dresden , † July 4, 1768 in Kösen ) was a German geologist, electoral Saxon mountain ridge and founder of the Arterner , the Kösener and the Dürrenberg saltworks.

Life

Childhood and youth

In addition to his apprenticeship as a carpenter, Borlach dealt with chemistry, mathematics, mechanics, mechanical engineering, painting and drawing.

Professional background

In 1718, through the mediation of Count von Walzdorf, Borlach received the order from the Dresden court to reorganize the rock salt mining in Poland, which was in need of reform - with the success that soon the Wieliczka (Groß Salze) salt mine and the one in Bochnia (salt mine) with a surplus of 350,000 Reichstalers could be used.

In 1727 Borlach established his Borlach rule : Wherever there are salt springs , you can feel such mountains, and the salt springs emerge from them. Brine is water that has passed through a mountain of salt, has become salted in it and comes out with the salt.

He used this for the first time in Artern in 1728 when extracting salt by boiling it in boiling pans. In 1733 he had his first graduation towers built there. Because of his services, the Elector of Saxony awarded him the title "Bergrat" in 1740.

From 1737 he worked in Kösen (today Bad Kösen) and also built a salt works there. The wheelhouse, the art boom , the brine well and the 320-meter-long graduation house have been preserved and are used today by the health facilities in place.

Memorial plaque on the Borlachturm in Bad Dürrenberg

On June 25, 1741, Borlach began geological investigations in and around Dürrenberg. On May 3, 1744, the shaft sinking began. After 19 years of work and numerous setbacks, the miners came across the brine they were looking for at a depth of 223 meters on September 15, 1763 - Borlach was already 76 years old at the time of this triumph. He immediately began building the shaft tower, today's landmark of Bad Dürrenberg , the Borlach tower. At the same time, the construction of the graduation tower began, and on March 10, 1765 the first boiling house was ready, so that on March 16 the first 100 quintals (5000 kg) of evaporated salt could be produced.

Borlach Tower (and Witzleben Tower) in Bad Dürrenberg

With Borlach's main works, the Dürrenberger Saline, he brought the previously unknown Dürrenberg into the world's attention, and the graduation systems and the Borlach tower still bear witness to his gigantic achievement. Borlach, who also headed the royal Polish rock salt mines in Wieliczka (Groß Salze) and Bochnia (Salzberg) (he is also listed as an architect in the Warsaw Building Department), who dedicated his entire life and work to salt mining and mining, died at the age of 81 4th July 1768 in Kosen. "Father Borlach" - as he was also called - was buried in the cemetery of the Princely State School Pforta , founded in 1543 .

family

Johann Gottfried Borlach's father was the carpenter and court mechanic Johann Hermann Borlach, his mother Beate Borlach, nee. Stretch brook.

Johann Hermann Borlach (1695–1777) was his brother, who followed him professionally: Appointed salt inspector in 1737, Johann Hermann managed the salt pans in Artern and Kösen during Johann Gottfried's professional absence and was his successor after his death. Both brothers equally shaped the upswing of the Saxon salt pans Artern, Kösen and Dürrenberg.

Both brothers were unmarried and childless throughout their lives.

Works

  • Brief thoughts on what a perpetual motion machine should be? , sn, Leipzig 1715
  • Thorough counter-report, from the perpetual motion machine or per se Mobili, that such things in rerum natura neither give nor can give , sn, Leipzig 1716 ( digitized version )

literature

Web links

Commons : Johann Gottfried Borlach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.borlachschuleonline.de/index.php/gallery/johann-gottfried-borlach - accessed on October 8, 2017
  2. ↑ Johann Gottfried Borlach (1687-1768) - The founder of the Dürrenberg salt works . In: Bad Dürrenberg resort - the city with the salt in the air , ten-page information leaflet. Bad Dürrenberg, undated, probably 2009 or later; recorded in October 2017.
  3. ↑ https://geo.viaregia.org/testbed/index.pl?rm=obj&objid=17020
  4. ↑ History at www.borlachschule.de
  5. ↑ Johann Gottfried Borlach (1687-1768) - The founder of the Dürrenberg salt works . In: Bad Dürrenberg resort - the city with the salt in the air , ten-page information leaflet. Bad Dürrenberg, undated, probably 2009 or later; recorded in October 2017.
  6. ↑ http://www.sole-spa.de/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=31&Itemid=28 - accessed on October 7, 2017
  7. ↑ http://www.borlachschuleonline.de/index.php/gallery/johann-gottfried-borlach - accessed on October 8, 2017
  8. ↑ http://www.badkoesen-heilbad.de/tl_files/themes/Dokumente/Borlachschacht_Fuehrungen_Saline.pdf - pages 8 + 19; accessed on October 8, 2017
personal data
SURNAME Borlach, Johann Gottfried
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German geologist and mine founder
DATE OF BIRTH May 24, 1687
PLACE OF BIRTH Dresden
DATE OF DEATH 4th July 1768
Place of death Kosen