Halloren and Saline Museum

Halloren and Saline Museum on the Saale

The Technical Halloren and Saline Museum was established in 1967 in the buildings of the former Royal Prussian Saline in Halle (Saale) .

Geological conditions

The brine deposits in Halle result from special geological conditions that are closely related to the Halle Market Square Fault. The rock salt lagerstätten from which the brine originates, are in the Zechstein in the underground of Halle and the surrounding area. The Zechstein series contains the most important salt deposits in Central Europe. Elsewhere, this rock salt is either mined underground with heavy equipment or it is extracted artificially (see → Salt extraction ). In the Halle area, however, this salt reaches the surface of the earth naturally in the form of brine springs .

History of the salt works in Halle

Location of the salt springs (33–36) in the old town

Salt extraction from brine in Halle (Saale) has a history that goes back to the Bronze Age . As far as it can be traced back today, it was essentially based on the use of four fountains that existed around today's Hallmarkt . It concerns the Meteritzbrunnen (No. 34 in the adjacent map of the old town), it was already mentioned in 803, the Gutjahrbrunnen (No. 35), the Hackeschen Born (No. 33) and the German Born (No. 36). Of these, the Gutjahrbrunnen still exists under a house in Oleariusstrasse, but has been filled in since the 1950s and is currently not accessible. On and around the Hallmarkt, the brine was boiled and processed into salt in Siedekoten. This saltworks was called the partnership saltworks in the "Thal zu Halle" because the Hallmarkt is located on a lower section of the site in relation to the market square. In 1869 the salt production in the partnership salt works was stopped.

The Königlich-Prussische Saline was founded in 1721 by the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm I in Halle (Saale) on an island of the Saale on the basis of a proposal and after planning by Johann Paul Stecher (1662–1737), who became the first tenant and successful operator. It was in competition with the saltworks of the Pfänkeit . The brine was initially brought in from the fountain around Hallmarkt via a pipeline. From 1926 onwards, a newly constructed brine fountain was used on the wood yard to the south. The foundations of the winding tower can still be seen today ( 51 ° 28 ′ 45.9 ″ N , 11 ° 57 ′ 32.3 ″ E ). 51.479413 11.958976

In 1868 the saltworks were taken over by the Pfänerschaft. In 1964 it was shut down.

The Thalamt was the seat of the saltworks administration (around 1500)
Salzkotten of the Saline Halle in the 17th century
Salt production in the Halle salt works, engraving around 1670

Halloren and Saline Museum

The main concern of the museum is to present the working methods for extracting the salt , which played a decisive role in the founding and economic development of the city. The show boiling in the boiling house , which takes place several times a year and presents the technology and working methods of salt extraction from the 19th century, from the extraction of the brine to the packaging of the evaporated salt, is a central attraction of the museum. The annual production of evaporated salt is almost 100 tons. The salt is sold to museum visitors and delivered to retail outlets as well as bakers and butchers in the city.

In addition, the museum is the silver treasure of the Halloren consisting of artistically valuable cups and goblets, shown on special occasions. The oldest dates from 1671. Cups and trophies were gifts from the respective sovereigns and wealthy citizens of the city for the merits of the Halloren brotherhood. In addition, the visitor gets an insight into the customs of the brotherhood, their historical privileges and tasks. In the salt garden on the museum grounds, you can see plants that specialize in very salty soils, so-called halophytes .

Since August 1, 2010 the museum has been sponsored by a non-profit association.

Buildings of the salt works and the museum

The buildings of the saline are today the oldest witnesses of industrial architecture in Halle. The earliest buildings were erected between 1719 and 1721. The oldest preserved part of the salt works is the former salt store , now known as the watch house , a half-timbered building from the early 18th century with a high turret . Next to it is a half-timbered building from the 19th century, also used as a salt store, to which a boiler house from 1789 is attached to the rear. It is one of the oldest boiling houses in Germany. Other buildings belong to the salt works, such as an administration building from 1884 (reconstruction in 1910), another boiling house from 1874 and a salt store from 1845.

Coal railway of the salt works

The narrow-gauge (900 mm) coal railroad once supplied the fuel necessary for boiling the brine in the form of lignite from the Pfänkeitlichen pit "Alt-Zscherben" to the saltworks. The remaining open-cast mine hole in the pit has been flooded and is now called the cemetery pond .

literature

Holger Brülls, Thomas Dietzsch: Architectural Guide Halle on the Saale. Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-496-01202-1 .
Johann Christoph von Dreyhaupt : Pagus Neltici et Nudzici, or a detailed diplomatic-historical description of the Creyses Hall , Hall 1749.
Johann Christian Förster: Description and history of the Hallisches Salzwerk: In addition to documents and a copper. Hall 1793 ( digitized ).
Hanns Freydank: The Hallesche Pfänerschaft 1500-1926 , Halle 1930.
Klaus Friedrich , Manfred Frühauf : Halle and its surroundings: geographical excursion guide. mdv Mitteldeutscher Verlag, Halle (Saale) 2002.
Friedrich Honndorfen: The salt works in Halle in Saxony. Hall 1670 ( digitized ).
Uwe Meißner: The royal salt works at Halle (Saale) 1719 to 1790 . Diss., Halle 2016 (2017).
Michael Pantenius: City Guide Halle. Gondrom Verlag, Bindlach 1995, ISBN 3-8112-0816-0 .

publication

Johannes Mager : Johann Gottfried Borlach . A biographical outline on the occasion of his 300th birthday , Technisches Halloren- und Salinemuseum, series of writings and sources on the cultural history of salt - Issue 1, Halle (Saale) 1990

Web links

Commons : Technisches Halloren- und Salinemuseum - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

^ Rose-Marie and Reiner Frenzel: Art and Culture Guide Leipzig, Halle and Surroundings. Edition Leipzig, Leipzig 1993, ISBN 3-361-00351-2 .
^ Klaus Friedrich, Manfred Frühauf: Halle and its surrounding area. Geographic excursion guide . mdv Mitteldeutscher Verlag, Halle (Saale), 2002.
^ ^A ^b Holger Brülls, Thomas Dietzsch: Architectural Guide Halle on the Saale. Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-496-01202-1 .
↑ ^a ^b Michael Pantenius: City Guide Halle. Gondrom Verlag, Bindlach 1995, ISBN 3-8112-0816-0 .
^ City of Halle (Saale) (Ed.): A salty garden at the Halloren's boiling house . In: AmtsBlatt der Stadt Halle (Saale) . 13th year, No. 5, Köhler, Halle (Saale) 2005, p. 2 ( PDF, 2 MB ).

51.482166666667 11.959611111111Coordinates: 51 ° 28 ′ 55.8 " N , 11 ° 57 ′ 34.6" E

[1] Rose-Marie and Reiner Frenzel: Art and Culture Guide Leipzig, Halle and Surroundings. Edition Leipzig, Leipzig 1993, ISBN 3-361-00351-2 .

[2] Klaus Friedrich, Manfred Frühauf: Halle and its surrounding area. Geographic excursion guide . mdv Mitteldeutscher Verlag, Halle (Saale), 2002.

[Archi-3] A ^b Holger Brülls, Thomas Dietzsch: Architectural Guide Halle on the Saale. Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-496-01202-1 .

[SH-4] Michael Pantenius: City Guide Halle. Gondrom Verlag, Bindlach 1995, ISBN 3-8112-0816-0 .

[5] City of Halle (Saale) (Ed.): A salty garden at the Halloren's boiling house . In: AmtsBlatt der Stadt Halle (Saale) . 13th year, No. 5, Köhler, Halle (Saale) 2005, p. 2 ( PDF, 2 MB ).