Johann Heinrich Schwartz

Johann Heinrich Schwartz (* 1653 probably in Silesia ; † late 1707 or in 1708 probably in Berlin ) was a German painter.

Life

Jesus blesses the children (1690)

Schwartz was a pupil of the Lübeck painter Jürgen Kunckel from 1671 to 1674 and then went on a journey, probably to southern Germany , as his paintings give evidence of knowledge of the Augsburg and Nuremberg art of the time. He returned to Lübeck in 1679, initially as a painter, and in 1682 acquired Lübeck citizenship. He worked in Lübeck until 1697 , then in Berlin . From 1705 to 1707 he was an adjunct member of the Prussian Academy of the Arts .

His best-known picture from his time in Lübeck is the large-format painting Jesus blesses the children (1690), which was actually created for the Marienkirche in Lübeck, but could not be hung there because of his wife's disputes with Lutheran orthodoxy in Lübeck; it was donated by a Lübeck merchant the Jakobikirche , where it has been hanging in the baptistery ever since.

His portrait of Landgrave Friedrich II of Hesse-Homburg is also one of the surviving images . For a long time, these two works were the only surviving works by Schwartze.

With the help of the Lübeck merchants, the Hanseatic City of Lübeck acquired a vanitas still life from him in the Parisian art trade for the St. Anne's Museum in the first half of the 1950s , which is signed with his name on a note in the still life. According to Gräbke, it is influenced as a learned still life by the Dutchman Gerard Dou like the Lübeck learned still life of the Kniller ( Zacharias Kniller and his sons).

The engravers Georg Paul Busch , Heinrich Jakob Otto and Johann Georg Wolfgang engraved portraits of personalities from his portrait paintings, the whereabouts of which are not documented in art history.

family

Since 1683 Schwartz was married to the radical Pietist Adelheit Sibylla Schwartz (1656–1703), who in Lübeck came into opposition to the superintendent August Pfeiffer and was temporarily expelled from the city (before the departure, which was finally inevitable in 1697). The two had seven children, including:

• Johann Friedrich Schwartz (* 1684), whose godfather was Johanna Eleonora Petersen . He studied at the University of Altdorf , where he obtained the degree of licentiate with a medical dissertation in 1706 ; then he settled in Berlin as a general practitioner.
• The portrait painter Balthasar Schwartz (* 1686), who worked in Berlin and London . Like his siblings, he also enjoyed the financial support of Catharina Höttl, a sister of his mother who lived in Nuremberg, after his parents died.
• Johann Heinrich Schwartz (* 1691) of the same name as his father. Like his eldest brother, he studied at Altdorf University and later became court attorney in Württemberg. During his student days he stayed with his aunt in Nuremberg, with whom his youngest sister also lived.
• Sibylla Schwartz (* 1693), the nobility of the same name as her mother, was accepted into the house of Johanna Eleonora Petersen and Johann Wilhelm Petersen after her mother's death . She died in 1709 or 1710 while staying with the Countess von Bolhagen.
• Candida Benedicta Schwartz ("Candel") (* 1697) was accepted into the house of her childhood friend August Hermann Francke after her mother's death .
• The youngest daughter Veronica (* 1698) came to live with his sister-in-law in Nuremberg after her father's death.

literature

• Johannes Baltzer , Friedrich Bruns : The architectural and art monuments of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck. Issued by the building authorities. Volume III: Church of Old Lübeck. Dom. Jakobikirche. Aegidia Church. Bernhard Nöhring, Lübeck 1920, pp. 409-410. (Unchanged reprint: 2001, ISBN 3-89557-167-9 ).
• Schwartz, Joh. Heinr. In: Thieme-Becker : General Lexicon of Fine Artists , Volume 30. Leipzig 1936, p. 364 with reference to and there reference back in: Swartze, Joh. Heinr. in Volume 32, Leipzig 1938, p. 345
• Hans Arnold Gräbke : symbol and work of art. To the museum's new acquisitions . In: Der Wagen 1955, pp. 89–93 (p. 92 ff. On the vanitas still life with illus.).
• Ernst Fritze: Nobility Sibylla and the painter Johann Heinrich Schwartz in Lübeck: a study on the history of people in connection with the apparitions of evangelical piety at the time of August Hermann Francke and Philipp Jakob Speners. In: Zeitschrift des Verein für Lübeckische Geschichte und Altertumskunde 71 (1991), pp. 81–123 digitized version (PDF; 51 MB) .
• Ernst Fritze: nobility Sybylla Schwartz . In: Biographisches Lexikon für Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck , Volume 11. Neumünster 2000, pp. 342-345.
• Ernst Fritze: Johann Heinrich Schwartz . In: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck , Volume 11. Neumünster 2000, pp. 345–347.
• Theodor Wotschke : August Hermann Franckes Debora . In: Neue kirchliche Zeitschrift (NKZ) 40 (1929), pp. 265–283, 293–303.
• Theodor Wotschke: August Hermann Franckes Debora . In: Journal for Bavarian Church History (ZBK) 4 (1929), p. 170 f.

Web links

Commons : Johann Heinrich Schwartz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ^ Biography in the Academy's membership database
2. ↑ Gräbke, p. 92; Fig. P. 93
3. ^ Markus Matthias: Johann Wilhelm and Johanna Eleonora Petersen: A biography up to Petersen's impeachment in 1692 (= work on the history of Pietism. Vol. 30). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1993 ISBN 3-525-55814-7 , pp. 272, 274 ( books.google.com ).
4. ^ Fritze: Adelheit Sibylla and the painter Johann Heinrich Schwartz in Lübeck , p. 100 f.
5. ^ The register of the University of Altdorf. Edited by Elias von Steinmeyer. 2 Vols. Stürtz, Würzburg 1912 (= publications of the Society for Franconian History, Series 4: Matriculations of Franconian Schools, Vols. 1 and 2), Vol. 1: Text, p. 475, No. 14635; Vol. 2: Register, p. 527, note 12; Wotschke: August Hermann Franckes Debora (ZBK), p. 170; Johann Friedrich Schwartz: Disputatio Inauguralis Medica De impedimentis Sudationis Eorumque Medela . Meyer, Altdorf [1706] (University of Altorf, Med. Diss. Pro licentia of November 4, 1706).
6. ^ Wotschke: August Hermann Franckes Debora (ZBK), p. 170 f.
7. ↑ Theodor Wotschke: The Seperatist Andreas Gross in Esslingen. In: Blätter für Württembergische Kirchengeschichte 37 (1933), pp. 208–228, here p. 224, note 9.
8. ^ Entry in the archive database of the Francke Foundations .
9. ^ Theodor Wotschke: August Hermann Franckes Rhenish friends in their letters (continuation). In: Monthly Issues for Rhenish Church History 22 (1928), pp. 175–186, here p. 186 digitized version (PDF 58 MB) .
10. ^ Wotschke: August Hermann Franckes Debora (ZBK), p. 170 f.
11. ↑ Claudia Wustmann: The "enthusiastic maids". Central German prophets in radical pietism at the end of the 17th century. Edition Kirchhof & Franke, Leipzig and Berlin 2008, p. 113.
12. ^ Theodor Wotschke: August Hermann Franckes Debora (ZBK), p. 171.