Johann II of Bubenberg

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Johann II von Bubenberg (* around 1290 , † around 1369 ) came from the Bernese noble family von Bubenberg and was Bernese mayor and knight .

From 1316 Johann II von Bubenberg was a member of the Small Council . Between 1319 and 1334 he was mayor of the city of Bern seven times and from 1338 to 1350 without interruption . To distinguish it from his cousin Johann I von Bubenberg, who also held the mayor's office alternately with him and other knights until 1334, Johann II was nicknamed the younger , while his cousin was called Johann I the elder . Johann II directed the politics of the city of Bern during the Gümmenen , Weissenburger and Laupenkrieges and in the years after. Under his leadership, peace agreements were made with Austria , Freiburg , Kyburg and the nobility of western Switzerland, alliances were renewed with the Waldstätten, the Burgundian Confederation, Freiburg, Austria and Savoy . Johann II gained an unusual amount of power in the city of Bern and was the most important Bernese politician of the late Middle Ages. Its most lasting effect was based on the fact that he turned his attention to the acquisition of territories outside the city and thus acquired fiefdom over the city of Thun in 1323 , aided by his friendship with Count Eberhard II of Kyburg, who was about the same age, and his liege Philip von Kien , who held the mayor's office in Thun in 1319 - a first success of his policy aimed at the urban area. The following year he acquired the first bailiwick for the city of Bern : Burg, Stadt und Herrschaft Laupen from the Lords of Tower. It took a nobleman to head the Bernese government “to even get the idea that a territory could be of interest to a city.” In 1338 he personally bought Burg und Herrschaft Spiez from Freiherr for 5,600 pounds Berner coin Johann von Strättligen and created a new center of power for himself and his family outside the city of Bern.

Bubenberg was voted out of the mayor's office of the city of Bern in 1350, but from the point of view of modern research , overthrow and banishment due to corruption, as chronically handed down by Konrad Justinger, can be ruled out. His deselection was rather related to tensions between the nobility, notables and wealthy merchants as well as the changed social and political situation after the great plague of 1349. Johann then retired to his castle in Neu-Bubenberg near Schliern near Köniz , but remained a councilor. At that time, Bern had developed into a city-state and attempts were made to reduce the influence of individuals. In 1360 he sold the city ​​stream , the mills and the mat sill to the city. All of this belonged to the von Bubenberg family as an imperial fief since the 13th century ; the threshold and the mills were important components of the trade settlement in today's Matte district on the banks of the Aare, which was directly accessible from the boy-Berg Sässhaus by Bubenbergtor. Only after the transfer to the city in 1360 was the own rights of this part of the city revoked and made equal to the rest of the city.

Johann II was recalled to the city in 1364 because of popular unrest; his son Johann III. the younger was then appointed mayor of the city of Bern after the chronicler Justinger the “vatter ze eren”.

family

Johann was a son of Ulrich I von Bubenberg and Elisabeth (I) from the Buchegg count family . His father was mayor of the city of Bern until 1293, the eve of the constitutional reform of 1294, when the authorities were divided into a small council with 25 members and a large council with 200 members. His mother was the daughter of Peter I von Buchegg, Landgrave of Burgundy .

Johann had been married to Anna from the von Grünenberg family since around 1310/1319 . His ten known children probably came from this marriage, as Anna lived until April 18, 1360. In his second marriage he married Nicola von Maggenberg , daughter of the Freiburg mayor and baron Johann I von Maggenberg, who fell near Laupen in 1339.

With the death of his cousin Johann I the Elder von Bubenberg after 1338 and at the latest when his eldest son Johann III. When he came to the Small Council in 1342, his nickname changed to John the Elder, while his son was now called John the Younger . He married some of his children to the noble families of Sumiswald, Strättligen, Scharnachtal, Düdingen, Weissenburg and Hünenberg, the others pursued spiritual careers.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gerber 2006: p. 212.
  2. ↑ Studer Immenhauser 2012: p. 78.
  3. ↑ Urs Martin Zahnd: Bubenberg, Johann II. Von. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  4. ↑ Studer Immenhauser 2012: p. 72.
  5. ↑ Studer Immenhauser 2012: p. 78.
predecessor Office successor
Lorenz Münzer Schultheiss of Bern Berchtold von Rümligen
personal data
SURNAME Bubenberg, Johann II. Von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES John the Younger; John the Elder
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Member of the Bernese noble family von Bubenberg; Bernese mayor and knight
DATE OF BIRTH around 1290
DATE OF DEATH around 1369