Johann Niebur

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Johann Niebur also Nyebur (* in Uelzen ; † July 14, 1399 in Lübeck ) was mayor of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck at the end of the 14th century .

Life

As councilor in 1391, Niebur was the city's envoy to Livonia and Russia together with the mayor Gottfried Travelmann . Travelmann died during this trip together in Dorpat . The main reason for this high-ranking diplomatic mission was the end of the trade ban triggered by Lübeck against Russia. Due to the effects of this boycott, Niebur succeeded in persuading the Russians to give in and confirm the trade privileges of the Hanseatic League . The conclusion of the contract took place in 1392 according to the Orthodox rite through the kissing of a cross ( kissing the cross ), which was common in Russia at the time when contracts were signed, and was therefore called the kissing of the cross by the Russians from then on . For the next hundred years it was the legal basis for dealing between Germans and Russians in Novgorod, as quoted over and over again, as Dat weer Nyeburs crusekussinge . The negotiations in Novgorod were conducted by the delegation without the participation of representatives of the local office . On the contrary, a new version of the Schra was prescribed to the Peterhof on this occasion and the financing of the renovation of the office was secured through new local lap levies in order to clarify the balance of power. After his return from Russia, Niebur was elected mayor by the city council in 1393. 1395 he was together with the mayor Hinrich Westhof to the 1393 negotiations with the Danish Queen Margarethe I. in Elsinore involved, where it comes to the negotiation of compensation with the Duke Johann of Mecklenburg on the issue of release of the Swedish king Albrecht went . Niebur was a member of the circle society .

family

Johann Niebur comes from Uelzen. He had a brother Jacob.

He married Elisabeth geb. Schepenstede, the widow of Lübeck councilor Diedrich Morneweg . His daughter Walburg married the Lübeck councilor Johann Darsow .

literature

  • Emil Ferdinand Fehling : Lübeck Council Line. Lübeck 1925. No. 419.
  • Philippe Dollinger : The Hanse ISBN 3-520-37102-2 .
  • Birte Krüger: Johann Niebur in: Biographisches Lexikon für Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck, Volume 12 Neumünster 2006, p. 324 ff. ISBN 3529025607 .
  • Birte Schubert: The Lübeck mayor Johann Niebur († 1399) in Kattinger / Wernicke (Hrsg.): Actors and opponents of the Hanseatic League - on the prosopography of the Hanseatic era. Konrad Fritze memorial. Hansische Studien 9, 1998, pp. 53-65.
  • Thomas Vogtherr (ed.): Document book of the city of Uelzen. Hildesheim: August Lax 1988 [= Lüneburg Document Book, 14th section]. ISBN 3-7848-3018-8 .
  • Dietrich W. Poeck: Hanseatic days as places of communication: The network of Johan Niebur from Lübeck. In: familiar distance. Communication and mobility in the Hanseatic region , 2012, pp. 72–77.

supporting documents

  1. ^ Philippe Dollinger: Die Hanse ISBN 3-520-37102-2 , p. 110 ff.
  2. ^ Document of June 2, 1390 in the document book of the city of Uelzen
personal data
SURNAME Niebur, Johann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Nyebur, Johann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Mayor of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck
DATE OF BIRTH 14th Century
PLACE OF BIRTH Uelzen
DATE OF DEATH July 14, 1399
Place of death Lübeck