Johann Pflugbeil

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Johann Pflugbeil (born August 24, 1882 in Hütten near Königstein , † October 21, 1951 in Stuttgart-Degerloch ) was a German officer , last lieutenant general in World War II .

Life

Military career

Johann Pflugbeil joined the Royal Saxon Army in 1904 and was company chief and battalion commander on the Eastern Front from 1914 to 1918 . After the end of the war he was accepted into the Reichswehr in 1920 and worked as a commander and general staff officer in various units. From 1933 on, he was in command of the 10th Infantry Regiment as a colonel and was promoted to major general in 1936 . In 1937 he was the Landwehr commander in Wroclaw and in 1938 retired from military service after 34 years of service. In 1939, however, he was reactivated for active military service. From August 26, 1939 to July 5, 1942 he led the newly formed 221st Infantry Division , later renamed the 221st Security Division . In this position he was promoted to lieutenant general on October 1, 1939. Despite the known shortcomings of the 221st Infantry Division, Pflugbeil did not prevent the unit from being used in the costly partisan war. It was probably not only because of his age that he was no longer trusted to command a task force, so that until the end of the war he was neither promoted nor could he take on a serious command. From the formation in September 1942 until the end of the war he was in command of the 388th Field Training Division . At the same time he became combat commander of Mitau and received the Knight's Cross for his activities in this position in August 1944.

War crimes

He was brought into connection with the war crimes in Bialystok in June 1941 because the division he commanded at the time was deployed in the area and he had issued the orders for the treatment of the civilian population, which became the basis for the riots. Although he complained about the incidents, he let the police regiment have their way. It is reported that when some Jews, in agony, pleaded for their lives, a policeman urinated on them in front of Pflugbeil's eyes and Pflugbeil only turned away and left! Then he tried to cover up the excesses in the war diary, certified the units his "fullest recognition" and even awarded medals for war crimes. He also had it recorded that the synagogue in Bialystok caught fire, not because it was set on fire, but because it was set on fire, because it was shot from. In the Białystok trial he was named posthumously in 1968 in the judgment.

Curt Pflugbeil was the brother of Johann Pflugbeil.

Awards (selection)

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ben Shepherd: Terror in the Balkans . Harvard University Press, 2012, ISBN 978-0-674-06513-0 , pp. 254 ( google.de [accessed on July 21, 2019]).
  2. ↑ a b Christian Hartmann: Wehrmacht in the Eastern War: Front and military hinterland 1941/42 . Walter de Gruyter, 2012, ISBN 978-3-486-70226-2 , p. 165 ( google.de [accessed on July 21, 2019]).
  3. ^ Günter Wegner: Occupation of the German Armies 1815-1939 . Biblio Verlag, 1990, p. 857 ( google.de [accessed on July 21, 2019]).
  4. ^ Samuel W. Mitcham: Crumbling Empire: The German Defeat in the East, 1944 . Praeger, 2001, ISBN 978-0-275-96856-4 , pp. 156 ( google.de [accessed on July 21, 2019]).
  5. ^ Samuel W. Mitcham: German Order of Battle: 1st-290th Infantry divisions in World War II . Stackpole Books, 2007, ISBN 978-0-8117-3416-5 , pp. 274 ( google.de [accessed on July 21, 2019]).
  6. ↑ Jürgen Kilian: Wehrmacht and Occupation in the Russian Northwest 1941-1944: Practice and Everyday Life in the Military Administrative Area of ​​Army Group North . Verlag Ferd.Schâ ???? â ?? ¢ ningh GmbH & Co KG, 2012, ISBN 978-3-506-77613-6 , p. 128 ff . ( google.de [accessed on July 21, 2019]).
  7. ^ Samuel W. Mitcham: German Order of Battle: 291st-999th Infantry divisions, named infantry divisions, and special divisions in World War II . Stackpole Books, 2007, ISBN 978-0-8117-3437-0 , pp. 90 ( google.de [accessed on July 21, 2019]).
  8. ^ Christian Hartmann: Wehrmacht in the Eastern War: Front and Military Hinterland 1941/42 . Walter de Gruyter, 2012, ISBN 978-3-486-70226-2 , p. 274 ( google.de [accessed on July 21, 2019]).
  9. ^ Christian Hartmann: Wehrmacht in the Eastern War: Front and Military Hinterland 1941/42 . Walter de Gruyter, 2012, ISBN 978-3-486-70226-2 , p. 276 ( google.de [accessed on July 21, 2019]).
  10. ^ Prof Nicholas Stargardt: The German War: 1939-1945 . FISCHER E-Books, 2015, ISBN 978-3-10-403503-1 ( google.de [accessed on July 21, 2019]).
  11. ↑ Ben Shepherd: Terror in the Balkans . Harvard University Press, 2012, ISBN 978-0-674-06513-0 , pp. 251 ( google.de [accessed on July 21, 2019]).
  12. ↑ Hamburg Institute for Social Research: Crimes of the Wehrmacht . Hamburg Institute for Social Research, 2002, p. 594 ( google.de [accessed on July 21, 2019]).
  13. ^ Christian Gerlach: Calculated murders: The German economic and annihilation policy in Belarus 1941 to 1944 . Hamburger Edition HIS, 2013, ISBN 978-3-86854-567-8 ( google.de [accessed on July 21, 2019]).
  14. ^ Christian Hartmann: Wehrmacht in the Eastern War: Front and Military Hinterland 1941/42 . Walter de Gruyter, 2012, ISBN 978-3-486-70226-2 , p. 275 ( google.de [accessed on July 21, 2019]).
  15. ^ Thomas F. Schneider: Robert MW Kempner (October 17, 1899 - August 15, 1993) . Universitätsverlag Rasch, 2000, ISBN 978-3-935326-03-2 , pp. 31 ( google.de [accessed on July 21, 2019]).
  16. ↑ Veit Scherzer : Knight's Cross bearers 1939-1945. The holders of the Iron Cross of the Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and armed forces allied with Germany according to the documents of the Federal Archives. 2nd Edition. Scherzers Militaer-Verlag, Ranis / Jena 2007, ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2 .
personal data
SURNAME Pflugbeil, Johann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German officer, most recently lieutenant general in World War II
DATE OF BIRTH August 24, 1882
PLACE OF BIRTH Huts near Königstein
DATE OF DEATH October 21, 1951
Place of death Stuttgart-Degerloch