Johann Thaddäus Anton Peithner von Lichtenfels
Johann Thaddäus Anton Peithner , Edler von Lichtenfels since 1780 , (born April 8, 1727 in Gottesgab , † June 22, 1792 in Vienna ) was a Bohemian mining and natural scientist.
Life
Peithner was the son of the Gottesgaber mountain clerk and shift supervisor Johann Christian Peithner. His grandfather, the city judge Johann Christian Peithner, was a supporter of a mine in the neighboring Goldenhöhe . His older brother Wenzel (1725–1807) was also involved in mining all his life as the chief mining authority in St. Joachimsthal . The family itself came from Tyrol and settled in Bohemia after the Thirty Years War.
After training in the Piarist monastery Schlackenwerth , he studied law and philosophy at the Charles University in Prague and received his doctorate in 1750. This was followed by a position as archivist for the highest mint and mining masters in the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1762 the registrar submitted his thoughts on the creation of a mining academy in Bohemia to the Empress Maria Theresa .
A chair of Academia metallurgica was established at the Faculty of Law at Charles University , to which Peithner was appointed. For his lectures, which began on November 1, 1763, 27 students were registered. The Academia metallurgica was the first ever mining science chair and the study period was three years.
With the establishment of the mining academy in Schemnitz , Hungary , in 1770 , which was founded by Maria Theresa as an independent institution, it soon developed into the center of mining education in the monarchy. In 1772 Peithner accepted the call from Schemnitz and took over the chair for mining studies; this also ended the training of mining scientists in Prague, where 94 students were most recently enrolled.
Peithner, who had been awarded the title of Imperial Court Councilor in 1776, gave up teaching a year later and took over the legal clerkship for coin and mining at the Court Chamber in Vienna. In 1780 he and his brother Wenzel were awarded the noble title of Edler von Lichtenfels . In 1791, Peithner was appointed the highest mining official in Austria-Hungary.
Peithner was the author of numerous mineralogical, metallurgical and mining science publications. His main work is the historical description of the mines of Bohemia and Moravia, published in 1780.
family
Thaddäus Peithner married in Prague in 1759? with Maria Anna Zinner. The following children are known:
- Josephus Joannes Nepomucenus Aloysius (died May 28, 1758 in Prague Maria Teyn)
- Maria Petronilla Ludmilla (died June 29, 1759 in Prague Maria Teyn)
- Francisca Ludmilla Eleonora (died October 12, 1761 in Prague Maria Teyn)
- Joannes Nepomucenus Thaddaeus Antonius (died January 18, 1764 in Prague Maria Teyn; † February 27, 1829 in Vienna); April 1–22, 1789 in Vienna St. Stephan Maria Anna Wagener; July 2nd - 25th 1794 in Vienna St. Stephan Maria Anna Geyer von Ehrenberg
- Joannes Nepomucenus Jgnatius Christophorus (born July 27, 1765 in Prague Maria Teyn)
Publications
- Experiment about the natural and political history of the Bohemian and Moravian mines . Vienna 1780 ( digitized version ) ( e-copy )
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Lichtenfels, Johann Thaddäus Anton Peithner von . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 15th part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1866, p. 82 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Stanislav Burachovič: The mining scientist Johann Thaddäus Anton Peithner from Gottesgab and his book "Attempt on the natural and political history of the Bohemian and Moravian mines" from 1780. In: Schriften des Adam-Riess-Bund Annaberg-Buchholz 15, Freiberg 2003, Pp. 15--22.
- A. H .: A famous mountain scientist from Gottesgab in: Mei 'Erzgebirg'. Heimatblatt for the districts of Preßnitz-Weipert and St. Joachimsthal . 55th Volume, No. 646, July 2008, pp. 6-7.
Web links
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Peithner von Lichtenfels, Johann Thaddäus Anton |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Peithner, Johann Thaddäus Anton Edler von Lichtenfels |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Bohemian mining scientist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 8, 1727 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | God gave |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 22, 1792 |
| Place of death | Vienna |