Johann Wilhelm Rautenberg

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Johann Wilhelm Rautenberg (1791–1865)
Oncken's diary note: Founding of the Hamburg Sunday School

Johann Wilhelm Rautenberg (born March 1, 1791 in Moorfleth near Hamburg , † March 1, 1865 in Hamburg ) was a German Protestant pastor and theologian , as well as an educator and hymn poet .

Life

Street sign in the Hamburg district of St. Georg

He became in 1791 the youngest son of the baker Christian Friedrich Rautenberg from Advertising and Vierländerin Gesche Heitmann from Curslack born in Moorfleth. After the death of his father in 1807 and various activities at private schools, Rautenberg realized his original wish and sought to study theology. From 1811 to 1813 he attended the Johanneum in Hamburg . In May 1813 he fled from the French occupation forces to Kiel and studied theology there until 1816. He continued studying Protestant theology in Berlin and in 1817 he passed the official theological examination in Hamburg .

In 1820 he received the pastor's post at the Dreieinigkeitskirche in Hamburg-St. Georg and married Johanna Elisabeth Duncker in 1821. He was significantly influenced by his Kiel teacher August Twesten and his Berlin teachers Friedrich Schleiermacher and August Neander . Together with Johann Gerhard Oncken , Rautenberg founded on January 9, 1825 in Hamburg-St. Georg set up a Sunday school based on the English model and started teaching with 60 students. The main goals were the fight against illiteracy among poor children and a Christian education. In the beginning, the church work took place with volunteers. In 1832, Johann Hinrich Wichern was hired as a senior teacher for Sunday school to replace Oncken . Elise Averdieck was significantly influenced by the diaconal work at Rautenberg.

In the Hamburg religious dispute between representatives of rationalism (including the director of the Johanneum Johann Gottfried Gurlitt and deacon Hermann Rentzel ) and "mysticism", which in this case meant the neo-Lutheran direction (including Rautenberg), the Sunday School experienced strong resistance, which, however, went along with it Help of the Hamburg Mayor Johann Arnold Heise could be overcome. Rautenberg left behind numerous works from his 45-year period in St. Georg. He had six children and died on his 74th birthday.

Johann Wilhelm Rautenberg and his family (Milde 1833)

The watercolor "Pastor Johann Wilhelm Rautenberg and Family", painted in 1833 by Carl Julius Milde and today owned by the Hamburger Kunsthalle , shows him with part of his family (from left to right: Johann Wilhelm 42 J., Gustav Adolph Theobald 4 J. , Johanna Elisabeth 30 years, Gesa Johanna Elisabeth 7 years,?, Anna Louise Elisabeth 8 years)

Works

  • Thinking sheets (1 volume per year), 1821–1833
  • Soothing news about the Hamburg Sunday School, 1827
  • Festive Nachklänge, ed. v. Heinrich Sengelmann , 1865
  • Shepherd's Voices, ed. v. Heinrich Sengelmann, 1866
  • Spiritual songs (summary of "Festliche Nachklänge" and "Hirtenstimmen"), ed. v. Heinrich Sengelmann, 1866
  • Sermons I, ed. v. Heinrich Sengelmann, 1866
  • Sermons II, ed. v. Heinrich Sengelmann, 1867

The Protestant church hymn books of the 20th century partly contain songs by Rautenberg, for example the Advent song The night passes, the day breaks .

literature

  • Martin Hieronymus Hudtwalker: Protest on the occasion of the latest church events in Hamburg . Edited by Perthes-Besser & Mauke, 1839. 2 ll., 45 pp.
  • Heinrich Sengelmann: In memory of Johann Wilhelm Rautenberg . Hamburg 1865.
  • Friedrich Anton Löwe: Memories from the life and work of Johann Wilhelm Rautenberg, pastors at St. Georg in Hamburg: Compiled from the papers he left behind and other messages . Hamburg 1866.
  • L. u .:  Rautenberg, Johann Wilhelm . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 27, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1888, pp. 457-459.
  • Johann Heinrich Höck: Pictures from the history of the Hamburg Church since the Reformation . Verlag der Evangelische Buchhandlung, Hamburg 1900, p. 323ff.
  • P. Lange: Johann Wilhelm Rautenberg. Images from Christian charity in Hamburg . Berlin, 1900.
  • Hans Lehmann: Johann Wilhelm Rautenberg. A contribution to Hamburg's church history and the history of the 19th century revival movement . Contributions and research on the church history of Hamburg 3. Hamburg 1936.
  • Wolfdietrich von Kloeden :  Rautenberg, Johann Wilhelm. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 7, Bautz, Herzberg 1994, ISBN 3-88309-048-4 , Sp. 1419-1421.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  • Ulrich Heidenreich, Inge Grolle : pioneers of diakonia. Amalie Sieveking, Johann Wilhelm Rautenberg. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2005.

Web links

swell

  1. ↑ Folk song archive The night goes by, the day breaks ( Memento of the original from December 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.volksliederarchiv.de
personal data
SURNAME Rautenberg, Johann Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German theologian
DATE OF BIRTH March 1, 1791
PLACE OF BIRTH Moorfleth near Hamburg
DATE OF DEATH March 1, 1865
Place of death Hamburg