Johanna Katharina Morgenstern

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Johanna Katharina Morgenstern , also Morgenstern-Schulze , b. Brömme (born May 8, 1748 in Magdeburg ; † September 11, 1796 there ) was a German writer . She wrote devotionals , cookbooks and household literature for women.

Life

Her father was the merchant and former Magdeburg councilor Johann Friedrich Brömme. In 1767 she married the doctor Friedrich Simon Morgenstern (1727–1782), who was 21 years her senior . Morgenstern was a city physician, assessor of the medical college in Magdeburg and a midwifery teacher in the Duchy of Magdeburg, and in his time also known as a writer and natural scientist. The philologist Johann Karl Simon Morgenstern and the businessman Friedrich August S. Morgenstern come from this marriage .

After the death of her husband in 1785 she entered into a second marriage with the councilor and later treasurer Schulze. Of her six children from her first marriage, only two sons survived, three children from her second marriage died prematurely.

Literary activity

Morgenstern was a woman with a diverse education in the sense of the Enlightenment ; she was widely known for her educational and budgetary works. Her housekeeping publications were aimed at middle-class households and documented the tasks and duties of a housewife. The educational goal was the thrifty and prudent housewife, not the well-read and skilful companion. In her teachings and experiences for young women , she warned against reading too much novels. Some of her writings were reprinted well into the 19th century.

She was friends with the preacher Christoph Christian Sturm , who worked at the Holy Spirit Church in Magdeburg from 1769 to 1778 . Sturm encouraged her to publish her moral and edification pamphlets for women.

Her first work, Lessons for a Young Woman , was written “only for her sister who was just married and for a couple of young women, in whom she represented motherhood”. A bookseller brought out the book and a second, greatly increased edition. Later editions with arbitrary additions by the publisher, also under the title Magdeburg Cookbook , did not meet with the author's approval.

In collaboration with Christine Dorothea Gürnth (née Hentschel; 1779–1813) she published the women's magazine Oekonomisches, moralisches and non-profit journal for women . Gürnth had previously published the anthology Amaliens Krämchen anonymously and from 1790 published her garden economy for women in three volumes. Most of the articles in the Economic Journal, however, came from Morgenstern, four issues of the quarterly publication with 125 pages each appeared in 1794/95, the price was 8 groschen per issue. The subjects dealt with included housekeeping, cooking recipes and tips for laundry care, recipes for self-production of various products, instructions for careful storage and recycling as well as admonitions to buy local goods. In addition, there were botanical and zoological articles for horticulture, animal husbandry and fishing, about spinning, weaving, bleaching, dyeing and sewing, as well as advice on body and nursing care.

Your reading book for aspiring female servants was introduced and other "school institutions for girls of the lower classes" in Magdeburg, industrial and school for poor, from their lessons in silk culture was the Magdeburg chamber at the direction of the Prussian State Minister Carl August von Struensee few hundred copies free of charge distribute to those in need.

She published essays and poems in various magazines. Until shortly before her death she worked on a new work, the appearance of which was planned under the title The House Mother in all of her domestic and economic businesses . All of her writings appeared without naming her, and she used the fees for charitable purposes.

Works

  • Evening thoughts of a woman; with a preface by Pastor Sturm in Hamburg , Hamburg 1781
  • Lessons for a young woman who wants to take care of the kitchen and housekeeping herself, given from her own experience by a housemother , Johann Adam Creutz, Magdeburg 1782, 2nd verb. u. presumably edition 1784; Google Books .
  • Evening contemplations of a woman's room, for every day of the year , with some songs, 2 parts, Magdeburg 1783
  • Lessons and experiences for young women , from the author of the evening reflections and evening thoughts of a woman, also from lessons in the kitchen and housekeeping, 3 parts, Hall 1786
  • Reader for prospective female servants , 1st part, Halle 1789, reprinted under the title Der goldene Spiegel, a present for girls who want to enter service , Salzburg 1791. - Part 2 under the title: Instruction for the female sex from the lower Stalls, in the duties and shops of the child caretaker, house maid, sewing maid, cook, housekeeper and nurse , Halle 1790
  • Experiences of a housemother, from the author of the lessons in the kitchen ... , Halle 1789
  • New experiences of a housemother, for young women who want to take care of the kitchen and housekeeping themselves; as a continuation of lessons for a young woman ... , Leipzig 1793
  • Economic, moral and non-profit journal for women; by the author of the lessons for a young woman who wants to take care of the kitchen and housekeeping herself, and the author of the garden economy (Madame Gürnth) , 4 booklets, Leipzig 1794 and 1795; New edition under the title Something for Women. Moral, economic and non-profit content. From the author of the Magdeburg Cookbook , Eurich, Leipzig 1809
  • Brief instruction in silk making, especially for the poor and poor , by the author of the instruction for a young woman who wants to take care of the kitchen and housekeeping herself, Thomas, Braunschweig 1796; On-line
  • From the division of economic expenses , in: Collection of small essays on the education of women , Leipzig 1796

literature

  • Obituary in: National-Zeitung der Deutschen , Becker, year 1796, 46th St., pp. 1021-1025; Digitized
  • Johann Georg Meusel : Lexicon of the German writers who died from 1750 to 1800 , Volume 9, G. Fleischer, der Jüngere, Leipzig 1809, p. 256 f.
  • Friedrich Karl Gottlob Hirsching : Historical-literary manual of famous and memorable people who died in the 18th century , Volume 11, Leipzig 1808, pp. 339–341
  • Ulrike Weckel: Between domesticity and the public. The first German women's magazines in the late 18th century and their audience , Tübingen 1998, pp. 160–164

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c Norbert Angermann , Wilhelm Lenz, Konrad Maier: Humanities and Journalism in the Baltic States of the 19th and early 20th Century , Baltic Biographical Research Volume 1, LIT Verlag, Münster 2011, p. 75
  2. ↑ Eduard Thraemer :  Morgenstern, Karl Simon . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1885, pp. 231-233.
  3. ^ Rolf Straubel: Merchants and Manufactory Entrepreneurs: an empirical study on the social support of trade and large-scale business in the central Prussian provinces (1763 to 1815) , Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 1995, p. 208
  4. ↑ a b Ramona Myrrhe: Patriotic virgins, loyal Prussian women, nagging women: Women and the public in the first half of the 19th century in Saxony-Anhalt , Mitteldeutscher Verlag, Freiburg 2006, ISBN 3939348015 , p. 52
  5. ↑ a b c Weckel: Between domesticity and public , 1998, p. 160 ff.
  6. ↑ Ludwig Mercklin : Karl Morgenstern. Commemorative speech , Dorpat 1853, p. 6 f.
  7. ↑ a b National-Zeitung der Deutschen , 1796, p. 1022
  8. ↑ a b c Hirsching: Historisch-literarisches Handbuch 1808, p. 339 ff.
  9. ^ Meusel: Lexikon 1809, p. 256
personal data
SURNAME Morgenstern, Johanna Katharina
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Brömme, Johanna Katharina (maiden name); Morgenstern-Schulze, Johanna Katharina
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer
DATE OF BIRTH May 8, 1748
PLACE OF BIRTH Magdeburg
DATE OF DEATH September 11, 1796
Place of death Magdeburg