Johannes Joseph Schweitzer

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Johannes Joseph Schweitzer (born March 19, 1831 in Walldürn ; † February 2, 1882 in Freiburg im Breisgau ) was a German Catholic clergyman, cathedral music director and composer .

Life

During his elementary school days in Walldürn, Schweitzer already worked as a choir boy and later as a violinist in church music in Walldürn. He received further schooling in Mannheim , Tauberbischofsheim and Wertheim , where he graduated from high school in 1851. He enjoyed regular music lessons during his time in Mannheim.

Schweitzer studied Catholic theology in Freiburg and was ordained a priest there in 1855. During his travels in Munich and Paris in 1857 and 1859/60, he pursued further musical studies on harmony theory , chorale figurations and imitations as well as the “all-important counterpoint and fugue movement” . His teachers were probably Julius Joseph Maier and Joseph Rheinberger in Munich and Napoléon-Henri Reber in Paris.

As a member of the Freiburg Cathedral Orchestra , from 1858 he increasingly took on the role of the ailing cathedral music director Leopold Lumpp . As his successor, he became the second Freiburg cathedral music director in 1869. He carried out this activity until his death in 1882. His successor was his brother Gustav Alois Schweitzer (1847-1916).

Works

Many of his compositions, especially the early German Masses, some of his Latin Masses and some of his song collections were widespread in the Archdiocese of Freiburg and beyond. His Marienlieder in Volkston, Op. 28, had its 10th edition in 1908. Most of Schweitzer's works are homophonic , with at most a rudimentary counterpoint, pleasing and singing as simple as possible, harmoniously written in the language of his time.

Catalog raisonné

Created by his nephew Carl Schweitzer:

  • Melodies for the Handbook of the Arch Brotherhood of Eternal Adoration (1858)
  • op. 1: Sacred songs for soprano, alto, tenor, bass
  • op. 2: Pious Songs for 3 voices (1859)
  • op. 3: Religious male choirs
  • Songbook for journeyman and youth clubs
  • Op. 4: Six singing masses for soprano, alto, tenor and bass (the net income was intended for the establishment of a public library in Walldürn with 800 volumes.)
  • G major mass for male choir
  • op. 8: Easy Mass No. 2 for 1- and 2-part choir with organ
  • op.10: Lat. Mass for 2 sopranos, 1 alto and 1 tenor in F major (1862)
  • op.11: Mass in C major for male voices (Cäcilienvereins catalog no.168)
  • op. 12: songs and chants for St. Heart of jesus
  • op. 13: Mass in honor of St. Aloysius for soprano, alto, tenor and bass with organ (1866), the same was instrumented in 1869 (Cäcilienvereins catalog no.530)
  • op. 14: Mass in Hon. B. Mariae Virg. (at Böhm)
  • op.15: 50 Catholic church chants for soprano, alto, tenor and bass (Cäcilienvereins catalog No. 224)
  • op. 16: Requiem for 3 voices. Male choir and orchestra (Cäcilienvereins catalog no.167)
  • op. 17: Spring songs for 1 voice and pianoforte
  • op. 18: Mass in honor of John the Baptist for soprano, alto, tenor and bass in D minor. With or without organ or orchestra. (December 27, 1872. Cecilia Society Catalog No. 221)
  • op. 19: Organ pieces, modulations, preludes and interludes for church, school and home. (Cäcilienvereins catalog no.223)
  • op. 20: Five sacred chants for soprano, alto, tenor and bass to Behrle's "Tobias"
  • op. 21: Three songs for Weickum's "Columbus"
  • Singing consecration 1873
  • op. 22: Four choirs for Weickum's festival "The Lord's Glory" (March 4, 1874)
  • op. 23: Joseph's Mass in G major and E minor (April 5, 1875, Cäcilienvereins catalog no.572)
  • Cantata for 3 voices and harmonium. Text: "There are three flowers in bloom", for the orphans under H. Dompräbendar Hauser (1875)
  • Song of the prisoner from the comedy “The Liberated” for Lätitia
  • Graduals on Ascension Day, 5 voices (April 12, 1875)
  • Pius cantata, arranged for male choir (May 19, 1875)
  • op. 23: Four male choirs, Sacramental Songs for male choir, arranged for brass music
  • Degree. Protector noster for the 5th Sunday after Pentecost for acc. Choir (May 31, 1875)
  • Hymn of praise from the times of the day of St. Heart of Jesus, for soprano, alto and harmonium (June 2, 1875)
  • Convertere, degrees. on the 6th Sunday after Pentecost (June 5, 1875)
  • Hic est, qui venit, Graduale in Fest. pretios. sanguinis for gem. Choir (June 10, 1875)
  • op. 24: Motets, Offertories and Graduals
  • op 25: Cäcilienmesse, 5 voices (February 15, 1878)
  • Cantata for the accession to the throne Leo XIII. for 4 male voices, 4 trombones and organ (March 1875)
  • op. 26: Childhood Jesus Mass, for soprano, alto, tenor and bass
  • op. 27: Missa in hon. SS. Angelorum custodum, for soprano, alto, tenor and bass
  • op. 28: 30 Marienlieder in folk tone for 2 voices with organ (Cäcilienvereins catalog No. 504)
  • op. 29: Music supplement to Weickum's Christmas play
  • op. 30: Manuale cantus choralis and Organum comitans to it
  • op. 31: Organ accompaniment to the melodies of the brotherhood book
  • op. 32: Missa in hon. Conceptionis immac. BMV (posthumous work 1884) in B minor

literature

  • Carl Schweitzer: On the 100th birthday of the cathedral music director Johannes Schweitzer (March 19, 1831 - February 2, 1882) . In: Freiburg Diocesan Archive 59, 1931, pp. 273–305 ( digitized version ).
  • Christoph Schmider (Ed.): Music at the Freiburg Minster . Freiburg 2002.

Web links
personal data
SURNAME Schweitzer, Johannes Joseph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schweitzer, Johannes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Catholic clergyman, cathedral music director and hymn composer
DATE OF BIRTH March 19, 1831
PLACE OF BIRTH Walldürn
DATE OF DEATH February 2, 1882
Place of death Freiburg in Breisgau