John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle
John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne KG (born January 9, 1662 , † July 15, 1711 in Welbeck , Nottinghamshire ) was an English peer and politician.
Life
He was the son and heir of Gilbert Holles, 3rd Earl of Clare from his marriage to Grace Pierrepont. He was baptized on January 16, 1662 in Edwinstowe , Nottinghamshire.
He married his cousin Lady Margaret Cavendish on March 1, 1690, daughter of Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle and Frances Pierrepont. With her he had a daughter:
- Lady Henrietta Cavendish Holles (1694–1755) ⚭ Edward Harley, 2nd Earl of Oxford .
From 1689 to 1691 he held the court office of Gentleman of the Bedchamber . He was often the office of Lord Lieutenant in various counties, from 1689 to 1692 he was Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex , 1694 to 1711 of Nottinghamshire, 1699 to 1711 of the East Riding of Yorkshire , 1705 to 1711 of the North Riding of Yorkshire and 1711 again of Middlesex .
In 1688 he was elected to the House of Commons as Knight of the Shire for Nottinghamshire . When his father died on January 16, 1689, he inherited his title of nobility as 4th Earl of Clare and 4th Baron Haughton . This gave him a seat in the House of Lords and left the House of Commons.
On July 26, 1691, he inherited the large estates of his father-in-law and applied to the king for the re-award of his expired title Duke of Newcastle . On January 25, 1694, he also inherited the lands of his second cousin, Denzill Holles, 3rd Baron Holles . On May 14, 1694 he was raised to Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Marquess of Clare .
He was Commissioner at Greenwich Hospital from 1695 to 1711 . On May 30, 1698 he was accepted as a Knight Companion in the Order of the Garter. From 1699 to 1711 he was keeper of Sherwood Forest and he was high steward of Dorchester in 1701 .
On March 29, 1705 he received the state office of Lord Seal Keeper and was admitted to the Privy Council . From 1710 he also acted as travel judge ( Chief Justice in Eyre, North of Trent ).
In 1711 he fell from his horse while hunting deer and injured himself so badly that he died shortly afterwards on his estate at Welbeck Abbey in Nottinghamshire. He was buried in Westminster Abbey on August 9, 1711 . Since he left no male descendants, all of his nobility titles became extinct with his death.
Literature and web links
- George Edward Cokayne , Vicary Gibbs (Eds.): The Complete Peerage . Alan Sutton Publishing, Gloucester 2000, Vol. 1, pp. 425, Vol. 3, pp. 249 f.
- John Holles, 1st and last Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne on thepeerage.com
Individual evidence
- ^ William Arthur Shaw: The Knights of England. Volume 1, Sherratt and Hughes, London 1906, p. 39.
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Gilbert Holles |
Earl of Clare 1689-1711 |
Title expired |
| New title created |
Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1694-1711 |
Title expired |
| Thomas Osborne | Governor of Kingston-upon-Hull 1699-1711 |
Richard Sutton |
| John Sheffield |
Lord Seal Keeper 1706–1711 |
John Robinson |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Holles, John, 1st Duke of Newcastle |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Holles, John, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne; Holles, John, 4th Earl of Clare; Newcastle, John Holles, 1st Duke of |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | English peer and politician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 9, 1662 |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 15, 1711 |
| Place of death | Welbeck Abbey |