John Russell Pope
John Russell Pope (born April 24, 1874 in New York City , † August 27, 1937 there ) was an American architect of historicism . His best-known works are the neoclassical buildings of the National Archives and Records Administration , the Jefferson Memorial, and the west wing of the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC
life and work
Pope was the son of a successful portrait painter. He studied architecture at Columbia University (diploma in 1894) and received a scholarship to the American Academy in Rome , a stronghold of the American Renaissance . Pope traveled extensively in Italy and Greece and documented his trip with sketches and photos. In 1896 he studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris . Pope returned to New York in 1900, initially worked for Bruce Price and then went into business for himself.
Pope began his career building private houses, including for the Vanderbilt family , and remained loyal to this activity throughout his life. His larger commissions include the Masonic House of the Temple (1911–1915) in Washington DC and Union Station in Richmond, Virginia . In 1916 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters .
His works were stylistically based on the neo-Gothic and Tudor styles , but above all on neoclassicism . The Jefferson Memorial, which was only realized after Pope's death in 1939–1943, as well as the National Gallery of Art and before that the Union Station in Richmond (1917) clearly show the model of the Pantheon in Rome. In 1924, John Russell Pope was elected a member ( NA ) of the National Academy of Design .
Pope received a silver medal in art at the 1932 Olympics in Los Angeles. As one of the last masters of historicism , however, he found sharp critics in the representatives of modernism. An exhibition by the National Gallery of Art , "John Russell Pope and the Building of the National Gallery of Art," led to a re-evaluation of his work.
literature
- Steven McLeod Bedford: John Russell Pope: Architect of Empire . New York: 1998.
- James B. Garrison: Mastering Tradition: The Residential Architecture of John Russell Pope . New York: Acanthus Press, 2004. ISBN 978-0926494244
Web links
- University Club, Milwaukee
- Alpha Delta Phi at Cornell, 1931, John Russell Pope, architect
- John Russell Pope's Master Plan for Dartmouth, 1919
- Pictures and Info on John Russell Pope's Historic Long Island Commissions
Individual evidence
- ^ Macmillan Encyclopedia of Architects . Vol. 3. The Free Press, London 1982. ISBN 0-02-925000-5 , pp. 450-451.
- ^ Members: John Russell Pope. American Academy of Arts and Letters, accessed April 20, 2019 .
- ↑ nationalacademy.org: Past Academicians "P" / Pope, John Russell NA 1924 ( Memento from January 26, 2014 in the web archive archive.today ) (accessed July 11, 2015)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Pope, John Russell |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | American architect |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 24, 1874 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | New York City |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 27, 1937 |
| Place of death | New York City |