José Ferrándiz y Niño

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José Ferrándiz (1898)

José Ferrándiz y Niño (born March 12, 1847 in Seville , Spain , † January 1, 1918 in Madrid , Spain) was a Spanish naval officer and politician. He is considered to be the renewer of the Spanish Navy after its sinking in the war against the USA .

The son of the naval lieutenant Juan Ferrándiz y Zaragoza, José also entered the royal naval college in 1860 at the age of 13. His service took him first to Cuba and Santo Domingo, then off the coast of Peru during the Spanish-South American War . He returned to Spain on the frigate Villa de Madrid , received his officer license as a lieutenant after passing his examination in 1865 and was assigned to the naval base Ferrol . From there he was ordered to return to Cuba in 1869 before returning to Cartagena in 1872 as an officer on the Numancia tank frigate . From Cartagena he was transferred back to Ferrol in May 1873 to teach at the local naval academy - only a few weeks before Numancia fell into the hands of rebellious cantonalists .

After his marriage to Soledad Boado y Montes (1875), Ferrándiz was promoted to lieutenant captain in 1878, taught in both Cuba and Ferrol and was sent to La Seyne-sur-Mer (near Toulon) in 1884 to build the modern battleship Pelayo to monitor. After his promotion to frigate captain (1887) he was first sent to the Philippines, before he was promoted to captain on his return in 1893 and in 1897 to commander of the Pelayo , which at that time was again in La Seyne for maintenance and overhaul. After the defeat of the Spanish fleets in the war against the USA , he was supposed to bring reinforcements to the Philippines with the Pelayo and the Vitoria , but was called back halfway in view of the loss of Cuba and the Philippines, to instead use the coasts of the Spanish motherland to protect against possible US attacks.

After completing his active service (most recently as Contraalmirante , Rear Admiral ) Ferrándiz worked in various commissions of the Navy Ministry before he was first Minister of the Navy in December 1903 in the cabinet of Prime Minister Antonio Maura Montaner . With Maura's fall, Ferrándiz had to hand over the ministry to Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero as early as December 1904 , but after Maura's renewed appointment in January 1907, Maura made him again as Minister of the Navy. As Minister of the Navy, Ferrándiz negotiated in April and May 1907 within the framework of the Cartagena Agreement with the British Sea Lord John Fisher on British aid in the renewal and strengthening of the Spanish navy and then in June 1907 presented a naval construction program (Plan de Escuadra) to Parliament , which was approved in January 1908 and was decisive for the reorganization and modernization of the fleet.

After Maura's fall again in October 1909, Ferrándiz was taken over by King Alfonso XIII. Appointed Senator for Life. In 1903 he had been elected to the Senate for Lérida (until 1904) and in 1907 for Málaga (until 1908) .

Web links

Commons : José Ferrándiz y Niño  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Real Academia de la Historia : José Ferrándiz y Niño
  2. ↑ Antonio de la Vega Blasco: El Plan de Escuadra Maura-Ferrándiz , In: XXXVII Jornadas de Historia Maritíma , edition 57, page 22. Instituto de Historia y Cultura Naval, Madrid 2008 ( PDF )
  3. ↑ Agustín Rodríguez González: Vida y obra de un marino regeneracionista - el almirante Ferrándiz , In: XXXVII Jornadas de Historia Maritíma , edition 57, page 62. Instituto de Historia y Cultura Naval, Madrid 2008
  4. ↑ Francisco Javier Álvarez Laita: Implicaciones industriales del Plan de Escuadra Maura-Ferrándiz , In: XXXVII Jornadas de Historia Maritíma , edition 57, page 80. Instituto de Historia y Cultura Naval, Madrid 2008
  5. ↑ Francisco Javier Álvarez Laita: Retornos industriales de las inversiones de los planes de escuadra , In: Revista de Historia Naval , number 122, pages 9-30. Instituto de Historia y Cultura Naval, Madrid 2013 ( PDF )
  6. ↑ GlobalSecurity.org: The Spanish Navy 1899-1918 - The Great War
  7. ^ Joseph Harrison, Alan Hoyle: Spain's 1898 Crisis - Regenerationism, Modernism, Postcolonialism , pp. 63ff. Manchester University Press, Manchester 2000
  8. ↑ Senado de España : Senadores - FERRÁNDIZ NIÑO, José
personal data
SURNAME Ferrándiz y Niño, José
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ferrándiz, José
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Spanish Minister of the Navy
DATE OF BIRTH March 12, 1847
PLACE OF BIRTH Seville
DATE OF DEATH January 1, 1918
Place of death Madrid