José Malcampo Monge

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
José Malcampo, 3rd Marquis of San Rafael.jpg

José Malcampo y Monge , Margrave ( Marqués ) de San Rafael, Count ( Conde ) of Joló and Vice Count ( Vizconde ) de Mindanao (* 1828 in San Fernando ( province of Cádiz ); † 1880 in Sanlúcar de Barrameda (province of Cádiz)) was a Spanish Rear Admiral , Politician and Prime Minister of Spain ( Presidente del Gobierno ) .

Life

Naval officer and MP

After school education followed a training as a naval officer. In 1856, as a naval captain, he was the founder of the first Masonic Lodge in the Philippines ( Primera Luz Filipina ).

Later he took part in the revolution of September 1868 ( La Gloriosa ) and has been politically active since then. On January 15, 1871, he was elected Member of Parliament ( Congreso de los Diputados ), where he successively represented the interests of the constituencies of Logroño , Badajoz and finally of Cádiz for three electoral terms until August 24, 1872 . On March 21, 1871, he was also elected senator as representative of the province of Cadiz for the legislative period from 1871 to 1872 .

Prime Minister and Governor General of the Philippines

On October 5, 1871, he was appointed Prime Minister of Spain ( Presidente del Gobierno ) to succeed Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla . As such, he also took over the office of Minister of the Navy ( Ministro de Marina ) and temporarily from October to November 1871 that of the incumbent Foreign Minister (Ministro de Estado).

In fact, the Cortes then voted by a majority for Práxedes Mateo Sagasta , who, however, refused to take over the formation of a government at that time in order to become chairman of the Partido Constitucional (constitutional party) instead. On December 21, 1871, however, he had to resign and hand over the office of Prime Minister to Sagasta, who then appointed him Minister of the Navy. As such, he was a member of the government until the end of Sagasta's tenure on May 26, 1872.

On June 18, 1874 he was then appointed captain general ( Capitán General ) and governor of the Philippines .

As such he was in office until February 28, 1877. In 1875 he was promoted to rear admiral . During his tenure he organized the fight against piracy in the Sulu Archipelago . In particular, unlike his predecessors, he succeeded in relieving the crisis situation between Christians and Muslims in the southern Philippines . In 1876 he inflicted a severe defeat on the sultan of Joló , Gamal ad-Din Alam, due to the superiority of the Spanish steamers, that the latter signed a peace treaty in July 1878 in which the sultan undertook to leave the Christian settlements in peace from now on and allow missionaries to stay in Joló . In return, he received an annual salary from the Spanish government and the promise of free exercise of the Islamic religion.

For his services he was raised to the nobility in 1875 as Margrave ( Marqués ) de San Rafael. In addition, he was posthumously appointed Count ( Conde ) of Joló and Vice-Count ( Vizconde ) of Mindanao on April 27, 1881 .

swell

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Galarosa, Bro. Geminiano V .: Brief History of Freemasonry in tue Philippines , 2001 ( Memento of March 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  2. List of Members of Parliament from 1810 to 1977
  3. ^ The Senate between 1834 and 1923 - Senators , accessed June 7, 2017.
  4. List of Ministers of the Navy ( Memento of April 1, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  5. ^ Spanish Governors General of the Philippines
  6. Golzio, Karl-Heinz: "The southern Philippines - focal point of the conflict between Christians and Muslims" , in: SPIRITA magazine for religious studies, 2001 ( Memento of the original from August 1, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF file; 113 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.spirita.de
  7. List of Spanish nobility titles - Conde de Jolo ( Memento of the original from May 21, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.blasoneshispanos.com
  8. List of Spanish nobility titles - Vizconde de Mindanao ( Memento of the original from March 27, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.blasoneshispanos.com
predecessor Office successor
Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla Prime Minister of Spain
1871
Práxedes Mateo Sagasta