José Santos Guardiola

Jose Santos Guardiola

José Santos Guardiola Bustillo (born  November 1, 1816 in San Antonio de Oriente, Honduras , † January 11, 1862 in Ciudad de Comayagua , Honduras) was President of Honduras from February 17, 1856 to January 11, 1862.

Life

His parents were Bibiana Bustillo and Esteban Guardiola Amorós . His brother was Cruz Guardiola. He married Ana de Arzibu. Her daughter Genoveva Guardiola Arbizu married Tomás Estrada Palma .

He joined the army of José Francisco Morazán Quezada in 1832 in the Choluteca barracks . On April 6, 1839 he took part in the Battle of Espíritu Santo . On September 25, 1839 he took part in the Battle of San Pedro Perulapán .

After Honduras left the Central American Confederation , he let fight against the troops of José Francisco Morazán Quezada of the Partido Liberal .

From 1844 to January 24, 1845 he participated as a non-drinking general in the Guerra de Malespín .

From January 1 to February 12, 1847, he was a member of an executive cabinet with Francisco Ferrera and Casto Alvarado.

In 1855 cholera raged for six months in El Sauce. On August 18, 1855, the Battle of El Sauce took place, during which Guardiola led his troops into defeat. El Sauce was flat terrain with no roads or buildings to defend. Here in a strange environment, José Santos Guardiola was waiting for the 600-strong Liberal troops, which were led by José Trinidad Muñoz Fernández .

On September 3, 1855, he led his troops into defeat at the Battle of La Virgen . Guardiola withdrew to Rivas . Guardiola and his troops brought cholera to Costa Rica .

José Santos Guardiola Bustillo was a member of the Partido Conservador . He belonged to the liberal faction within the Partido Conservador .

Presidency

In the first term of office, José María Lazo was his deputy. On July 18, 1856, he signed an assistance pact with José Rafael Carrera Turcios for Guatemala and El Salvador to send troops against the Filibusteropiraten of William Walker . The troops brought cholera back with them from Nicaragua . Bishop Hipólito Casiano Flores died on September 29, 1856. Guardiola reopened the Colegio Tridentino in Comayagua, which had been closed by Bishop Hipólito Casiano Flores. In 1830 a decree of the Central American Confederation closed all Catholic schools. He supported the missionary work of Manuel de Jesús Subirana with the Xicaques and Payas .

For the second term he made campaign trips through Honduras and founded the magazine El Vigilante for the election . In the second term of office he took office on February 7, 1860 in the capital Comayagua, his deputy was Victoriano Castellanos. The American adventurer William Walker occupied the port of Trujillo on August 6, 1860 . After Walker was extradited to Honduras by the British, he was given the opportunity to confess because William Walker had been baptized a Catholic in order to become President of Nicaragua. He was then fusilated on September 12, 1860.

Guardiola signed the Wyke-Cruz Treaty with the British Ambassador Sir Charles Lennox Wyke (1815-1897) on November 28, 1859 , in which he recognized the Islas de la Bahía and the area of La Mosquitia as part of the Honduran state. In October 1859 British troops occupied the Isla del Tigre in the Gulf of Fonseca, whereupon Guardiola protested.

The vicar Miguel del Cid excommunicated Guardiola on December 26, 1860 because he saw religious freedom in the Tratado Lennón Wyke-Cruz not guaranteed. On January 5, 1861, the Vicar Irías was expelled. There were protests in the communities called La Guerra de los Curas . Pius IX lifted the excommunication, sent him the Order de San Gregorio Magno for reconciliation and appointed Juan Félix de Jesús Zepeda Bishop of Comayagua on July 22, 1861 .

On January 11, 1862, Guardiola was killed in office by one of his bodyguards.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ en: El Sauce, León
2. ↑ manfut.org, Reseñas Históricas de El Sauce León
3. ↑ Robert L. Sheina, Latin America's Wars: The Age of the Caudillo, 1791-1899 , Brassey's, 2003, 624 pages
4. ↑ Honduran educational company, José Santos Guardiola Bustillo ( Memento of the original from December 4, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
5. ↑ Entry on Juan Félix de Jesús Zepeda on catholic-hierarchy.org
6. ↑ en: Hubert Howe Bancroft , HISTORY OF CENTRAL AMERICA | content | c 5 p.79-107 | c 7 p.127-144 | c 8 p.145-164 | c12 p.238-263 | c 13 p.264-284 | c 14 p.285-308 | c17 p.347-370 | c18 p.371-391 | c19 p.392-412 , THE HISTORY COMPANY, PUBLISHERS SAN FRANCISCO, 1887

predecessor	Office	successor
Francesco de Aguilar	President of Honduras February 17, 1856 - January 11, 1862	José Francisco Montes Fonseca