Josef Weninger

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Josef Weninger (born May 15, 1886 in Salzburg , † March 28, 1959 in Vienna ) was an Austrian anthropologist and university professor .

Life

Josef Weninger studied with Rudolf Pöch at the University of Vienna and did his habilitation on African prisoners of war of the First World War. As the successor to Otto Reche , he headed the Anthropological Institute of the University of Vienna from 1927 until the annexation of Austria in 1938 by the National Socialists , and from 1935 as a full professor. He also worked as an anthropological advisor to the Vienna police. He is considered the founder of a Viennese anthropological school that pursued a comparative, morphological concept of "human races". For example, he specified external characteristics for determination only for the nose 30. Since 1925 he was co-editor of the "Zeitschrift für Rassenkunde" and "Volk und Rasse". In 1938 he had to give up his chair because his wife and colleague in the hereditary work group at the Margarete Weninger Institute , also an anthropologist, was Jewish. Her mother should be deported from Vienna in 1941, but was by anthropologists and SS - Hauptsturmführer Viktor Christian protected (1885-1963). Weninger had previously been Christian's sponsor, which is why he now protected him and got the Ministry of Science to entrust Weninger with the analysis of the anthropological surveys from the POW camps.

From 1945 until his retirement in 1955, Weninger was again head of the Anthropological Institute and, together with his wife, continued the classic tradition of morphology . In 1948 he was appointed full professor of the philosophical faculty. Margarete Weninger became a private lecturer there in 1948.

Weninger was a real member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences , former president of the Anthropological Society in Vienna , a member of the German Society for Anthropology , the Vienna Prehistoric Society and until his sudden death honorary president of the Society for Folklore in Vienna.

Fonts

  • A morphological-anthropological study: carried out on 100 West African negroes as a contribution to the anthropology of Africa. R. Pöch's estate , Vienna 1927 [= Vienna habilitation]
  • Racial studies on Albanians: a contribution to the problem of the Dinaric race , Vienna 1934.
  • The anthropological methods of human genetic research. In: Just (Hrsg.): Handbuch der Erbbiologie des Menschen. 1940.
  • with Margarete Weninger: Anthropological observations on Georgians (Transcaucasia). R. Pöch's estate , Vienna 1959.

literature

  • Richard Pittioni: Festschrift for the 70th birthday of Professor Dr. Josef Weninger , Verlag F. Deuticke, 1956
  • Short biography in: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Volkskunde , Verein für Volkskunde in Vienna (ed.), Issue 3/1980, page 53
  • Heinz Gabriel, Wolfgang Neugebauer: Pioneers of extermination ?: Eugenics, racial hygiene and euthanasia in the Austrian discussion before 1938. On the history of Nazi euthanasia in Vienna , Böhlau, Vienna 2005

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ernst Klee : German Medicine in the Third Reich. Careers before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2001, ISBN 3-10-039310-4 , p. 215 f.
  2. ^ Ernst Klee: German Medicine in the Third Reich. Careers before and after 1945. 2001, p. 216.
  3. ↑ Michael H. Kater: The "Ahnenerbe" of the SS 1935-1945 . A contribution to the cultural policy of the Third Reich, page 274, appeared in the series “Studies on Contemporary History”, Oldenbourg Verlag, 1973
  4. ↑ The Weninger case , in: Gerd Simon: Tödlicher Bücherwahn. The last Vienna university rector in the 3rd Reich and the death of his colleague Norbert Jokl , page 13 (PDF; 298 kB)
  5. ↑ History of the Anthropological Institute of the University of Vienna (English) ( Memento of the original from April 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.anthropology.at
  6. ↑ Naturwissenschaftliche Rundschau , Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, 1948, page 240
  7. ^ Ernst Klee: German Medicine in the Third Reich. Careers before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2001, ISBN 3-10-039310-4 , p. 227, note 7.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Weninger, Josef
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian anthropologist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH May 15, 1886
PLACE OF BIRTH Salzburg
DATE OF DEATH March 28, 1959
Place of death Vienna