Josef von Kudler

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Josef Ritter von Kudler, lithograph by Josef Kriehuber , 1838
Bust in the arcade courtyard of the University of Vienna by Wilhelm Seib .

Josef von Kudler (born October 10, 1786 in Graz , † February 6, 1853 in Vienna ) was an Austrian economist and lawyer .

Life

Josef Kudler studied law and political science at the University of Vienna . Even before his doctorate, he became an associate professor of statistics and political science. 1810-21 he worked at the lyceum in Graz. He was one of the founders of the Styrian Agricultural Society and the reading club at the Joanneum in Graz. He made great contributions to the training and dissemination of the mutual fire damage insurance company in Lower Austria and Styria. In 1821 he was appointed to the chair of political science and Austrian political law in Vienna. In 1824 his " Declaration of the Criminal Law on Serious Police Offenses " appeared in the "Journal for Austrian Legal Scholarship and Political Law," which he took over from 1834 on. Here he published a number of essays z. B. on tax issues. In his opinion, taxes should, if possible, only be placed on income. In 1845 he was appointed to the committee for the reform of legal studies, in 1848 he was appointed vice director of legal and political studies at the University of Vienna. In 1846 "The Basic Teachings of Economics" appeared. It was created at the suggestion of the young Archduke Wilhelm , whose teacher he was in political science . It demands freedom of acquisition, property, possession and movement, the elimination of subservience, especially of tithe and the robot. Under the influence of Friedrich List , Kudler advocated moderate protective tariffs . In 1849 he became head of the professors' college of the Faculty of Law and Political Science at the University of Vienna. In 1848 a member of the constituent Reichstag , of which he became the first senior president. Although he belonged to the right, he also represented liberal principles. He also advocated the abolition of flogging. He also called for a standardization of the relationship between the state and the church, which must on the one hand preserve full freedom of conscience and on the other hand also preserve the power of the state over the church. Kudler participated in many non-profit and industrial companies such as the Steiermärkische Landwirtschaftsgesellschaft, various regional fire damage insurance companies, the ironworks stock corporation in Wolfsbach, the Viennese steam mill company, the brewery in Brunn, the Lower Austrian trade association and the association to help released prisoners. His work was appreciated by the general public. In 1848 he became a member of the Academy of Sciences , in 1849 he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Leopold Order and in 1851 raised to the nobility. Awarded the title of Hofrat in 1852 .

Works

  • The basic teaching of economics , Vienna 1846, 2 volumes
  • Styrian population figures in 1819 and 1820 , published in the Steiermärkische Zeitschrift, 1821.
  • Styrian livestock in 1819 a. 1820 , ibid. (Looking back on earlier years).
  • About d. Relationship of the Sciences to Civic Life , ibid., 1824.
  • About d. Advantages d. Insurance companies with mutual guarantee against those that are established as profitable companies , ibid.

literature

personal data
SURNAME Kudler, Josef von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian economist and lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH October 10, 1786
PLACE OF BIRTH Graz
DATE OF DEATH February 6, 1853
Place of death Vienna