Joseph Capelin

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Joseph Capelin

Joseph Lodde (born January 26, 1879 in Münster , † February 28, 1943 in Dachau ) was a Catholic clergyman who was tortured to death in Dachau concentration camp .

Origin and education

Joseph Lodde was the son of a building contractor and attended the Paulinum grammar school in his hometown, graduated from high school in 1899 and then entered the Collegium Borromaeum in Münster to study theology at the Catholic Royal Academy . After graduating in August 1902, he moved into the seminary and was on 6 June 1903 along with 56 other young men in the Great Cathedral of Bishop Hermann Jakob Dingelstad for priests ordained . His consecration course also included the later auxiliary bishop Heinrich Roleff and one of the pioneers of modern church building, Johannes van Acken .

Act

A first job led him after ordination as a chaplain to St. Laurentius in Warendorf , to him Bishop Dingelstad in March 1906 chaplain to St. Anthony in Herten appointed, where he remained until the outbreak of World War I worked. During the war, Lodde worked as a division pastor, including three years in Russia, and was awarded the Iron Cross 1st and 2nd class. After returning he stayed for some time in Bochum and was on 6 February 1919 by Bishop John Poggenburg the vicar at St. Lamberti in Gladbeck appointed before it on 15 March 1927 it parish dean of St. Lambert in Coesfeld and called to the local pastor. In addition, as bishop's commissioner, he was responsible for the supervision of church works of art in the dean's offices in Coesfeld and Dülmen .

On his silver jubilee as a priest in 1928, his parish gave him a bell weighing around five tons, which had been cast by Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock in Gescher and which complemented the ringing of St. Lamberti. This was called Christ the King and was taken down on Pentecost Tuesday 1942 to be melted down for war purposes .

Persecution by National Socialism

Although his time as a chaplain was very much in favor of those who were in military order, Lodde consistently rejected National Socialism and therefore soon came into conflict with the regime. In September 1935, he was appointed by District President Kurt clamping booked because it a train of NSDAP -members that on the way back from the Nazi Party , refused were saluting the flag. In 1939 he was interrogated by the Gestapo for reading a pastoral letter against the introduction of the community school and then classified as "politically unreliable". Another interrogation followed because Lodde had called from the pulpit to the men of his congregation not to go to work on Corpus Christi day ; the special court in Dortmund therefore determined an offense against the treachery law . However, the proceedings were discontinued on October 11, 1939 because of the "Führer amnesty" issued on September 9, 1939, and Lodde was merely warned. Several other trials against him for illegal gatherings came to nothing. Because he was supposed to have made defeatist statements to a soldier , a house search followed on February 29, 1940 and Lodde was arrested. Until March 7, he initially remained in custody and was then to 8 April in protective custody transferred. On April 12, a court martial dropped the case for lack of a criminal offense. Influential citizens of Coesfeld were still able to prevent Lodde from being arrested by the NSDAP in July 1942.

Arrest and death

Registration card of Joseph Lodde as a prisoner in the National Socialist concentration camp Dachau

On October 26, 1942, however, Lodde was arrested by the Gestapo for making critical statements about civil marriage and first taken to the prison in Münster and on December 31 to the Dachau concentration camp. There, he suffered from rough treatment by the guards and was brutally beaten at least once by a block elder. His health could not recover from this; he suffered a slight stroke at the beginning of February 1943 and was also infected with typhoid . Brought to the infirmary by the Benedictine Father Augustin Hessing OSB, who came from near Coesfeld, Lodde died there on February 28, 1943. Other priests obtained bribes to ensure that the clergyman's body was cremated separately in the crematorium of the Dachau concentration camp and that they kept the ashes until the end of the war could hide. After the end of the war, the urn was buried in Coesfeld.

Honors

literature

  • Erwin Dickhoff: Coesfeld Biographies. (= Contributions to Coesfeld history and folklore. Volume 8). Published by the Heimatverein Coesfeld e. V. im Ardey Verlag, Münster 2002, ISBN 3-87023-248-X , p. 148f.
  • Christian Frieling: Art .: Dean August Wessing , in: Helmut Moll (Ed. On behalf of the German Bishops' Conference): Witnesses for Christ. Das deutsche Martyrologium des 20. Jahrhundert , Paderborn et al. 1999, 7th revised and updated edition 2019, ISBN 978-3-506-78012-6 , Vol. I, pp. 439-441.
  • Christian Frieling: priest from the diocese of Münster in the concentration camp. 38 biographies. Aschendorffsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Münster 1992, ISBN 3-402-05427-2 , pp. 127–129.
  • Ulrich von Hehl (Ed.): Priest under Hitler's terror. A biographical and statistical survey. Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn, 3rd edition 1996, ISBN 3-506-79839-1 , Vol. II, p. 1063.
  • Schematism of the diocese of Münster 1938 , Verlag der Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung, Münster 1938, pp. 10 and 81.
  • Hans-Karl Seeger, Hermann Hüsken: Dean Joseph Lodde - Coesfeld's rock in the brown tide. Christian civil courage at the time of National Socialism , LIT Verlag, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-643-11457-0 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Christine Tibroni: Review in Billerbecker Anzeiger
  2. ^ Erwin Dickhoff: Coesfeld Biographies. (= Contributions to Coesfeld history and folklore. Volume 8). Published by the Heimatverein Coesfeld e. V. im Ardey Verlag, Münster 2002, ISBN 3-87023-248-X , p. 149.
personal data
SURNAME Capelin, Joseph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Capelin, Josef
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German clergyman and Nazi victim
DATE OF BIRTH January 26, 1879
PLACE OF BIRTH Muenster
DATE OF DEATH February 28, 1943
Place of death Dachau Concentration Camp , Dachau