St. Lamberti (Coesfeld)

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St. Lamberti (Coesfeld)

St. Lamberti with the Coesfeld market square
Basic data
Denomination Roman Catholic
place Coesfeld , Germany
diocese Muenster
Patronage Lambert of Liege
Building history
architect Hynerk de Suer
Building description
Construction type Hall church
Function and title

Parish church , pilgrimage church

Coordinates 51 ° 56 '45.2 "  N , 7 ° 10' 6.2"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 56 '45.2 "  N , 7 ° 10' 6.2"  E
St. Lamberti (aerial photo, 2014)

St. Lamberti is the parish church of the Catholic parish of the same name in Coesfeld in the Münsterland . It stands directly on the town's market square.

Building history

Romanesque twin towers (until 1635/81), depiction around 1520

The church named after St. Lambert is, like the little younger Jakobikirche, one of Coesfeld's two old inner-city parish churches. It was built as a wooden church by Ludgerus , the first bishop of Münster. The oldest preserved parts are central nave pillars of the Staufer hall church in the bound system from the 13th century. A double tower facade with a vestibule was in front of it. Two previous stone buildings have been archaeologically proven. The builder Henric de Suer, based in Coesfeld, expanded the building in two successive construction phases . In 1473 he had the two-bay choir with side apses built, then he renewed the side aisles and the vault of the central nave, losing the bound order. The hall church that still exists is therefore largely to be regarded as his work. As early as 1635, the southern tower fell victim to a November storm due to poor construction maintenance due to Coesfeld's impoverishment through acts of war. The northern one collapsed - also caused by a November storm - in 1681. It was not until the following spring that the bells, the wooden frame of which had withstood the storm inside the ruins, could be recovered and the rubble removed. Thus, the Lambertikirche today has the oldest connected bells in Westphalia . The construction of the new tower, the work of Gottfried Laurenz Pictorius , began in 1686 and continued until 1703. It is similar to the tower of the Jesuit church built at the same time . It was not until the bombing war in World War II , which the Lambertikirche survived comparatively less destroyed than the city of Coesfeld, did the building nevertheless cause some serious damage. The sacristy was hit by a bomb and the south aisle vault collapsed. The tracery of the windows had broken out. This damage had been repaired by 1953.

Exterior construction

St. Lamberti 1913

The nave is made of Baumberger sandstone up to the eaves height , the gable with pilaster strips and pointed arches over the windows and the hall choir with the side apses are bricked with dark red brick. The main apse also consists of Baumberger sandstone, which is characteristic of the region. The west side and the 93 m high tower made of brick built in a cross connection are structured with sandstone elements. The baroque portal is made entirely of sandstone. A representation of the Coesfeld Cross is enthroned above it. The two figures in the side arched niches represent Ludgerus and Lambertus and date from the 1930s. Apart from the keel arches of the buttresses, which frame reliefs with the symbols of the evangelists or the Christ monogram and are crowned with finials, only two epitaphs and a (second) figure of St. Ludgerus in the gable of the sacristy form the outer decoration of the Lamberti Church. The sacristy on the north side is made of brick. The epitaph of the von Graes family (1497) is set into the south-western end wall of the nave, the epitaph of the von Vagedes, a relief-like mount of olives scene by Johann Wilhelm Gröninger from 1705, is on the eastern wall of the choir end. The former balustrade has been removed.

Furnishing

Central nave of the Lamberti Church
Coesfeld Cross .

The most important piece of equipment from St. Lamberti is the Coesfeld Cross , a forked crucifix from the beginning of the 14th century. Since the parish has a cross relic that can be kept in the corpus, the cross, which is considered to be “miraculous”, was at the center of a centuries-old pilgrimage tradition and is still particularly venerated by many believers today.

The other pieces are from several eras. The wooden ceiling of the tower hall should still consist of parts of the flat ceiling of the Romanesque building. It is provided with ornamental painting. In the tower hall there are two epitaphs, a carrying of the cross with a Veronica scene and a descent from the cross / Pieta, by Gerhard Gröninger. Four figures from the neo-Gothic cross altar also adorn the inner tower walls, Charlemagne, Saint Helena and two that cannot be clearly assigned, probably Lambertus or Ludgerus and a bearded person, probably Paul.

The sculptor Johann Düsseldorp, who was based in Coesfeld at the time, created the colorful apostle figures on the pillars from 1516. Furthermore, the larger than life figure of St. Christopher above the door to the sacristy is from him. The bronze baptismal font (1504), which was cast in the Dortmund foundry Wiedenbrock, is a little older. An inscription written in Low German names Reinolt Wiedenbrock and Klaes Potgeiter as manufacturers. The Gothic sediles on the south wall of the choir are dated 1520. Four confessionals and the pulpit are works of the Baroque, the latter by Johann Rendeles. On the north wall of the nave, there are two former baroque altar paintings, one depicting the Adoration of the Shepherds, the other depicting the raising of Lazarus. The south wall is decorated with a picture of Mother Anna teaching the Blessed Mother to read, and one of St. Joseph with the boy Jesus. All of these works are attributed to Johann Veltmann. On the organ stage there is still a portrait of the Descent from the Cross according to Rubens. It comes from the nearby Varlar Abbey . The three-dimensional burial scene in the Nazarene style, once placed under the canteen of the neo-Gothic high altar, the cross altar from 1852, is now in the right aisle. Nazarene art are also the fourteen stations of the cross. The two carved side altars came into the church in 1892/93; they are representatives of the Wiedenbrück school , as has been assumed since an investigation in 1983. The latest piece of equipment, apart from the post-conciliar liturgical redesigns, is the semicircular organ stage, which rests on two simple columns and has a graceful appearance, dating from the 1950s and built entirely in the style of the time, including an organ from the same era.

  • Mary Altar

  • Christ altar; today "Good Shepherd" instead of "Heart of Jesus"

  • Baptismal font from 1504

  • Pulpit by Johann Rendeles

  • One of four carved confessionals

  • Ceiling of the porch in the tower

The former cross altars

A medieval cross altar was destroyed in an iconoclasm during the Hessian occupation of Coesfeld, the baroque altar, a foundation by Christoph Bernhard von Galen , remained in the Lamberti Church until the second half of the 18th century; a contemporary elevation drawing including price notes of a new cross altar is in the parish archive. This altar was replaced by a neo-Gothic piece, which again had to give way in 1952. A simple block resting on two columns, the Coesfeld Cross raised up to the middle stained glass window of the choir (as background), formed the last work to be described as a cross altar. Today the cross stands detached from the celebration altar in the choir head. The iconographies of the altars from 1652 and 1852 show clear parallels, both had an entombment in the base area, both were decorated with Charlemagne and St. Helena. These from the Galens Altarpiece are now in the Great Stations of the Cross. The altar table was detached from the structure, the cross was behind a glass door. The high altar of the Liebfrauenkirche Bocholt is not the former cross altar of St. Lamberti, as stated in older literature, rather it comes from the local St. George's Church , but has a crucifixion painting by the Coesfeld artist Hermann Veltmann in its extract, which explains this misunderstanding explained. There is also a forked crucifix in Bocholt , albeit a smaller and less well-known one , which is also referred to as “miraculous” and was / is the destination of pilgrimages.

Organs

Central nave facing west with a view of the organ

The organ of the St. Lambertikirche is a work of the organ building company Gebr. Stockmann in Werl from the year 1956. It has 46 stops distributed over four works (three manuals and pedal ), with an electro-pneumatic play and stop action (system: cone shutter ). Renovation and remodeling were carried out in 1974 and 1988 by the builders Stockmann and Sauer . In 1998 the company Gebr. Stockmann built a new gaming table with a 128-fold set combination . The main organ was restored in 2012. The disposition of the organ was slightly changed. Among other things, the pedal register subset 32 ​​'has been added .

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
01. Tube bare 0 16 ′
02. Principal 08th'
03. Wooden flute 08th'
04th Gemshorn 08th'
05. Octave 04 ′
06th Coupling flute 04 ′
07th Fifth 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
08th. octave 02 ′ (N)
09. Cornett IV 04 ′ (N)
10. Mixture IV-V 02 ′ (N)
11. Trumpet 08th'
II upper structure C – g 3
12. Harp principal 08th'
13. Lovely Gedackt 0 08th'
14th Praestant 04 ′ (N)
15th Pointed flute 04 ′
16. Forest flute 02 ′ (N)
17th Fifth 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
18th Third-Sept II 01 3 ⁄ 5  ′
19th Scharff III – IV (N)
20th shelf 16 ′
21st oboe 08th' (N)
Tremulant
III Swell C – g 3
22nd Silent 16 ′
23. Ital. Principal 08th'
24. Reed flute 08th'
25th Gamba 08th'
26th Fugara 04 ′ (N)
27. recorder 04 ′
28. Principal 02 ′
29 Sif flute 01'
30th Sesquialtera II 0
31. Quintzimbel III (N)
32. Basson 16 ′
33. Trumpet 08th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
34. Pedestal 32 ′ (N)
35. Principal bass 16 ′
36. Sub-bass 16 ′
37. Thought bass 16 ′
38. Tube bare 08th'
39. Octave bass 08th'
40. Chorale bass 04 ′
41. Bass flute 04 ′
42. Flat flute 02 ′
43. Backset VI 0 05 1 ⁄ 3  ′
44. trombone 16 ′
45. Trumpet 08th'
46. Clarion 04 ′
(N) = change 2012
  • Coupling : II / I (also as sub and super octave coupling), III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P

In the front left of the church there is a single-manual choir organ with 6 registers and an independent pedal from 1986. The small slider chest instrument is controlled by a mechanical game and register action and also comes from the Stockmann company.

I Manuals C – g 3
1. Wood-covered 0 08th'
2. Principal 04 ′
3. flute 04 ′
4th Gemshorn 02 ′
5. Mixture III 01 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Pedal C – f 1
6th Sub bass 16 ′

Peal

Lambertus bell

Four bells from the 15th century hang in the tower . They form the oldest completely preserved bell in Westphalia.

No.
 		 Surname
 		 Casting year
 		 Caster
 		 Diameter
(mm)		 Mass
(kg, approx.)		 Percussive
( HT - 1 / 16 )		 inscription
 
1 Lambertus 1428 Johan smit ut henegovne 1,430 2,000 c 1 −4 vox mea dulcisona populum vocat ad sacra dona
(My lovely sounding voice calls the people to a holy sacrifice)
2 Maria 1435 Master Volkerus (?) 1,395 2,000 it 1 +3
3 Holy Cross 1435 Master Volkerus (?) 1.105 800 f 1 −7
4th Catherine 1435 Master Volkerus (?) 1,029 670 g 1 −8

Until 1942 there was still a 5-ton bell hanging in the tower with the strike tone as 0 . The bell with the name Christkönig was cast in 1928 by the company Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock from Gescher and was a gift from the community to the pastor dean Joseph Lodde , whose 25th anniversary as a priest was the reason for the casting of the bell. It was the largest and heaviest bell of the peal. On Pentecost Tuesday 1942, it was taken down to be melted down for war purposes .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The architectural monuments in Westphalia - war damage and reconstruction by Karl E. Mummenhoff. Ms. Wilh. Ruhfus Verlagbuchhandlung Dortmund 1968. Chapter III. "Administrative district of Münster", section 10. Coesfeld district / "Coesfeld", p. 186.
  2. ↑ Chaplain Guido Wachtel, Stones tell - a guide through the Lamberti Church, parish of St. Lamberti Coesfeld, 2000 (PDF; 5.0 MB), p. 10.
  3. ^ Daniel Hörnemann, Das Coesfelder Kreuz, Dialogverlag Münster , 2000, p. 18.
  4. ^ Daniel Hörnemann, Das Coesfelder Kreuz, Dialogverlag Münster , 2000, pp. 18/19.
  5. ↑ Schnell & Steiner No. 1639, St. Georg Church Bocholt, 1988, pp. 22/23.
  6. ↑ Main organ in St. Lamberti / Coesfeld , accessed on March 29, 2016.
  7. ^ Choir organ in St. Lamberti / Coesfeld , accessed on March 29, 2016.
  8. ↑ Chaplain Guido Wachtel, Stones tell - a guide through the Lambertikirche, parish of St. Lamberti Coesfeld, 2000 (PDF; 5.0 MB), p. 9.
  9. ↑ Claus Peter: The German bell landscapes. Westphalia . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1989, pp. 43f., ISBN 3-422-06048-0 .
  10. ↑ Christine Tibroni: Review in Billerbecker Anzeiger
  11. ^ Hans-Karl Seeger, Hermann Hüsken: Dechant Josef Lodde - Coesfeld's rock in the brown flood. Lit Verlag, Münster 2012, ISBN 978-3-643-11457-0 ( limited preview in Google book search).

Web links

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